Cover -- INTERNATIONAL DISASTER NURSING -- Title -- Copyright -- FOREWORD I -- FOREWORD II -- REFERENCES -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- CONTRIBUTORS -- PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO DISASTERS AND DISASTER NURSING -- DISASTERS -- HEALTHCARE DISASTERS -- DISASTER NURSING -- CHARACTERISTICS OF DISASTER NURSING -- Personal Impact -- Adverse Conditions -- Lack of Recognition -- Critical Thinking -- Adaptability -- Leadership -- Nursing in the Phases of Disasters -- Preparedness -- Relief Response -- Recovery -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 2 HEALTHCARE FACILITY PREPAREDNESS -- PREPAREDNESS PRINCIPLES -- PHASES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT -- HOSPITAL VULNERABILITIES -- Assessing a Hospital's Vulnerabilities -- Hospital Safety Index -- HOSPITAL PREPAREDNESS PLANNING -- Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) -- Response Components -- EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND EXERCISES -- HOSPITAL PREPAREDNESS INITIATIVES -- Safe and Resilient Hospitals -- GoI-UNDP Disaster Management Program -- Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP) -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3 COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR AND RESPONSE TO DISASTER -- COMMUNITY EVACUATION BEHAVIORb -- Informal Responses -- Convergence and Informal Responders as Helpers -- Preplanning for Informal Response -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 4 FIRST RESPONDERS -- EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES -- EMS Responses in a Disaster -- 1. Multiple casualty incident (MCI): -- 2. Mass casualty: -- 3. Medical disaster: -- Scene Difficulties -- Communications -- FIRE DEPARTMENT FIRST RESPONDER ROLE -- HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (HAZMAT) TEAM -- URBAN SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAMS -- EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5 DISASTER TRIAGE -- TRIAGE CATEGORIES -- Emergency or Emergent (Red) -- Urgent (Yellow) -- Non-urgent (Green) -- Deceased (Black) -- DISASTER TRIAGE -- Triage Process -- Pre-casualty Contact.

At the Scene -- TRIAGE SYSTEMS -- Triage Sieve and Sort -- START Triage -- Modified Triage Systems -- Triage Tags -- Triage Practice Implications: Using Triage Tags -- IN-HOSPITAL TRIAGE -- Australasian Triage Scale -- Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale -- Manchester Triage System -- Emergency Severity Index -- TRIAGE ISSUES -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 6 HOSPITAL IMPACT: EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT -- EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT NOTIFICATION -- VICTIM ARRIVAL -- ACTIVATION OF THE HOSPITAL DISASTER PLAN -- INCIDENT COMMAND IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT -- EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT PRIORITIES -- SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT -- STAFFING REQUIREMENTS -- DISASTER TRIAGE -- Location -- Supplies/Equipment -- Triage Area Personnel -- Triage Process -- PATIENT FLOW WITHIN THE ED -- PATIENT CARE IN THE ED -- Planning Considerations -- CRITICAL INCIDENT STRESS MANAGEMENT -- EVALUATION -- RECOVERY AND RETURN TO NORMAL OPERATIONS -- PREPARING FOR DISASTERS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 7 HOSPITAL IMPACT: IMMEDIATE ISSUES -- SECURITY ISSUES -- Need for Security -- Lockdown -- Types -- Activation -- Contamination -- Crowds -- Patients -- Families -- Shelter Seekers -- Media -- COMMUNICATIONS -- Key Components of a Disaster Communications Strategy -- Augmentation of Normal Practices -- Information Communication Technology -- Power Issues -- Redundancy -- Interoperability -- DEPARTMENT IMPACT -- Defining Patient Flow -- Diagnostics -- Critical Care -- Intensive Care Units -- Operating Room -- Burn Units -- RESOURCE MANAGEMENT -- Bed Space -- Immediate Supplies -- Morgue Facilities -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 8 HOSPITAL IMPACT: LONG-TERM ISSUES -- RESILIENCE -- BUFFERING CAPACITY -- Facilities -- Shuttered Hospitals -- Alternate Care Sites -- Temporary External Shelters -- Patient Transfer -- Home or Clinic Care -- Staffing -- Surge Staff Capacity -- Volunteers.

Credentialing and Liability -- Equipment and Pharmaceuticals -- LIFELINES -- Electricity and Fuel -- Communications -- Water -- Food -- CONTINGENCY PLANNING -- SCARCE RESOURCES -- Priority Setting -- Altered Practices of Care -- PUBLIC RELATIONS -- Disaster Information Centers -- Reunification -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 9 HOSPITAL IMPACT: INTERNAL DISASTERS -- INTERNAL DISASTER -- PLANNING AND SAFETY COMMITTEE -- INCIDENT COMMAND -- INCIDENTS -- Simple Incidents -- Compound Incidents -- SYSTEM DISRUPTIONS -- Planned versus Unplanned Disruptions -- Preparing for a Planned Disruption -- ESSENTIAL SYSTEMS -- Electrical Power -- Oxygen and Medical Gas Supplies -- Steam System -- Suction System -- Water System -- Sewage System -- BOMB THREATS -- EVACUATION -- Causes for Evacuation -- Fire -- Nature-related Events -- Chemical Spills and Hazardous Material (HazMat) Situations -- Biological Contamination -- Essential Supplies Disruption -- Evacuation Process -- Types of Evacuation -- Horizontal Evacuation -- Vertical Evacuation -- Emergency Actions -- Assembly Points -- Transferring Patients -- Transportation -- Ambulances -- Buses -- Aircraft -- Railway -- Boat and Ship -- Resumption of Hospital Activity -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 10 HEALTHCARE FACILITIES INCIDENT COMMAND -- THE INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM -- ICS Positions -- ICS Components -- Unified Command -- HOSPITAL INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM -- HICS Positions -- HICS Components -- HOSPITAL COMMAND CENTER (HCC) -- NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM -- PUBLIC HEALTH INCIDENT COMMAND -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 11 CHEMICAL PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE -- CHEMICAL INCIDENTS -- CHEMICAL TERRORISM -- CHEMICAL RISKS -- CHEMICAL AGENTS -- Systemic Poisons -- Nerve Agents -- Blister Agents -- Mustard gas -- Lewisite -- Tissue Irritants -- Lung Irritants -- Blood gases.

Disabling Chemicals -- Lysergide (LSD) -- Agent BZ -- Adamsite -- CHEMICAL EVENT PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE -- Coordination with Field Response -- Risk Analysis and Disaster Response Activation -- Detection -- Triage in Chemical Events -- Decontamination -- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) -- LONG-TERM HEALTH MONITORING -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 12 BIOLOGICAL PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE -- BIOLOGICAL AGENTS -- Categories -- Specific Agents -- BIOLOGICAL EVENTS -- Characteristics -- Detection -- HEALTHCARE FACILITY PREPAREDNESS -- Procedures and Policies -- Equipment -- Alternate Treatment Sites -- Screening Centers -- HEALTHCARE FACILITY RESPONSE -- Implementation -- Decontamination -- Sustainability -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 13 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OF RADIATION INJURIES AND ILLNESSES -- REVIEW OF RADIATION BASICS -- Types of Radiation -- Exposure versus Contamination -- Radiation Dose and Units of Measurement -- Radiosensitivity -- RADIOLOGICAL AND NUCLEAR INCIDENTS -- Exposure Incidents and Radiation Exposure Devices -- Dispersal Incidents and Radiological Dispersal Devices -- Criticality Incidents -- Nuclear Detonations -- NURSING MANAGEMENT OF RADIOLOGICAL INCIDENT VICTIMS -- General Considerations -- Radiation Protection -- Radiological Survey -- Radiological Care Priorities -- Decontamination -- Health Physics Assistance -- Healthcare Management -- ACUTE RADIATION SYNDROME (ARS) -- Management of Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) -- General Nursing Considerations -- TREATMENT OF INTERNAL CONTAMINATION -- General Surgical Considerations -- Psychosocial and Communication Issues -- POPULATION MONITORING -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 14 EXPLOSIVE EVENT PREPAREDNESS/RESPONSE -- EXPLOSIONS -- BLAST INJURIES -- Primary Blast Injury -- Causes -- Types of Injuries -- Blast Lung Injury (BLI).

Tympanic Membrane Injury -- Traumatic Brain Injury -- Other Injuries -- Secondary Blast Injury -- Tertiary Blast Injury -- Quaternary (or Miscellaneous) Blast Injury -- Crush Injury/Syndrome -- Burn Injuries -- TREATMENT -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 15 DECONTAMINATION -- DECONTAMINATION -- WHY DECONTAMINATE? -- HOSPITAL DECONTAMINATION TEAMS -- Decontamination Team Recommendations -- TRAINING -- DECONTAMINATION PROCESS -- Activation -- Set-up Procedures -- Hot Zone -- Warm Zone -- Cold Zone -- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) -- Level A -- Level B -- Level C -- Level D -- Decontamination Team -- Incident Commander -- DECONTAMINATION ISSUES -- Decontamination Triage -- Contamination Analysis -- Medical Monitoring -- Inclement Weather -- Hospital Contamination -- Privacy -- Pediatrics -- Recovery/Waste Management -- Waste Water Containment -- Solid Waste Management -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 16 POPULATIONS WITH VULNERABILITIES AND SPECIAL NEEDS -- LESSONS LEARNED -- IDENTIFYING AND REGISTERING NEEDS -- VULNERABLE GROUPS -- Persons with Disabilities -- Service Animals and Pets -- Elderly -- NEEDED SERVICES -- Medical Equipment Needs -- Outpatient Services -- STRATEGIES -- Locating the Vulnerable Groups -- Barriers to Information and Communication -- Accessible Transportation -- Accessible Shelters -- Accessible Disaster Resource Centers -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 17 DISASTERS AND CHILDREN -- CHILDREN IN DISASTERS -- PHYSICAL VULNERABILITIES -- PSYCHOLOGICAL AND/OR BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES -- PLANNING -- TRIAGE -- CARE -- TRACKING -- CHILD PROTECTION CENTERS -- HOUSING, CLOTHING, AND WARMTH -- PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL SUPPLIES -- MEDICATIONS FOR PEDIATRIC VICTIMS OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION -- US FEDERAL PEDIATRIC RESOURCES -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 18 REGIONAL PLANNING -- HEALTHCARE INVOLVEMENT.

REGIONAL PLANNING TEAM.