Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Foreword -- Series Preface -- Part 1 Introduction -- Chapter 1 Identification and Surveillance of Facial Images: Progress and Problems -- References -- Part 2 Searching for Suspects and the Identification of Victims -- Chapter 2 Interviewing for Face Identification -- How are Person Descriptions Elicited from Witnesses, and How Reliable are They? -- What is the Relationship between Description Quality and Subsequent Identification Accuracy? -- Is Describing a Face Detrimental to Subsequent Identification Performance? -- Advice for Practitioners -- References -- Chapter 3 Facial Composites and Techniques to Improve Image Recognizability -- Forensic Use of Composites: Police Practice -- "Traditional" Mechanical Feature-based Systems -- Second-Generation Software-based Feature-based Systems -- "Gold Standard" Protocol for Testing Composite Systems -- System Evaluations -- Holistic Composite Systems -- Implications for Policy -- Summary and the Future -- References -- Chapter 4 Searching for Suspects: Mugshot Files and Showups (Street Identifications) -- Mugshots -- Showups -- The Use of Mugshots and Showups as the First of Multiple Procedures -- Current State of the Research and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 5 Craniofacial Analysis and Identification -- Introduction -- Historical Context -- Underlying Assumptions and Principles -- Accuracy of Analysis -- Further Research -- References -- Part 3 Identification by Eyewitnesses -- Chapter 6 Lineup Composition and Lineup Fairness -- Mistaken Identification, False Convictions, and the Regulation of Eyewitness Identification Procedures -- Evaluation of Lineup Fairness and Identification Accuracy -- Implications for Law Enforcement Policy and Future Research -- References -- Chapter 7 Estimator Variables and Memory for Faces.

Perpetrator and Witness Characteristics -- Viewing Context -- Summary and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8 Confidence and Accuracy of Eyewitness Identification -- Perceptions of Eyewitness Confidence in Legal Settings -- Theoretical Perspectives on the CA Relationship -- Research on the Confidence-Accuracy Relationship for Eyewitness Identification Decisions -- Applied Factors that Limit the Effective Use of Confidence -- A Novel Use for Eyewitness Confidence: Confidence as an Index of Recognition -- References -- Part 4 Identification from CCTV Images -- Chapter 9 Human Verification of Identity from Photographic Images -- The Use of Photographic Images in Court -- The Identification of Suspects from CCTV -- Parallels Between Face Recognition and Face Matching Research -- Theoretical Models of Face Recognition and Matching -- Practical Aspects of Face Matching -- Selection of Naturally Gifted Face Processors -- Conclusions and Policy Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 10 Expert Analysis: Facial Image Comparison -- Introduction -- Photographic Facial Comparison Analysis -- Other Technical and Methodological Issues -- Probative Value, Validity and Reliability -- Jury Interpretation of Forensic Evidence -- Anamorphic Law -- References -- Chapter 11 Evaluating Automatic Face Recognition Systems with Human Benchmarks -- Introduction to International Tests of Face Recognition Algorithms -- Comparing the Performance of Humans and Face Recognition Algorithms -- Qualitative Comparisons between Humans and Face Recognition Algorithms -- Next Generation Algorithms: Challenges and Promise -- References -- Part 5 Implications for Criminal Justice -- Chapter 12 Eyewitness Identification and Facial Image Comparison Evidence in Common Law Jurisdictions -- Uncertainty in Fact-Finding and the Distorting Effects of the Adversarial Criminal Process.

The Forensic Limitations of the Adversarial Criminal Trial -- Identification from Images -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13 Forensic Facial Identification: A Practical Guide to Best Practice -- Confirmation Bias -- Best Practice in Forensic Facial Identification -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Index -- EULA.