FrontMatter -- Preface -- Acknowledgment of Reviewers -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 PI-Led Programs, Roles, and Relationships -- 3 The Selection Process -- 4 Management of PI-Led Missions -- 5 PI-Led Mission Performance: Cost, Schedule, and Science -- 6 Lessons Learned from PI-Led Mission Experiences -- 7 Conclusions and Recommendations -- Appendixes -- A Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff -- B Previous Space Studies Board Report Findings and Recommendations on Principal-Investigator-Led Missions -- C Definitions of PI-Led Missions from NASA Announcements of Opportunity -- D Excerpts on PI-Led Missions from National Research Council Decadal Survey Reports -- E Major Changes in Requirements Between Announcements of Opportunity -- F Number of Publications from Explorer and Discovery Missions -- G Previous Studies on Lessons Learned from PI-Led Missions -- H Acronyms -- I Excerpt from the National Academy of Public Administration Report NASA: Principal Investigator Led Missions in Space Science.