Inorganic polyphosphate multiple function in eukaryotic cell and prospects of these polymers in industry, agriculture and medicine -- The role of inorganic polyphosphate in the stress response and enzyme activities regulation in yeast -- Inorganic polyphosphate in acidocalcisome of protozoa and its role in pathogenesis -- Inorganic polyphosphate in algae -- Inorganic polyphosphates in mycorrhiza -- Inositol polyphosphate and inorganic polyphosphate in cellular functions and human diseases -- PolyP-Ca-polyhydroxybutyrate channels structure and role in eukaryotes -- Inorganic polyphosphates in mitochondria -- Inorganic polyphosphates in brain -- Inorganic polyphosphate in dental tissue development and regeneration -- Inorganic polyphosphate as an inducer of alkaline phosphatase and a modulator of intracellular Ca(2+) level in osteoblasts -- Inorganic polyphosphate and biological apatite nucleation -- Inorganic polyphosphate in blood coagulation -- Inorganic polyphosphate in inflammation -- Prune protein, cancer, Inorganic polyphosphate -- Conclusion: Evolution of the polyphosphate role in eukaryotes.