Definitions and Epidemiology of Constipation -- Etiology of Congenital Colorectal Disease -- Etiology of Acquired Colorectal Disease: Constipation -- Extracolonic Causes of Constipation -- Initial Evaluation of Constipation -- Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome -- Methods to Measure Small-Bowel and Colonic Transit -- Anorectal Manometry and the Rectoanal Inhibitory Reflex -- Defecography: Technique, Interpretation, and Current Use -- Compliance and Manovolumetry -- Electromyography and Pudendal Nerve Terminal Motor Latency -- Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Nuclear Imaging -- Biofeedback for Constipation -- Medical Treatment of Constipation -- Surgical Treatment of Colonic Inertia -- Botulinum Toxin and Other New Pharmacologic Approaches to Constipation -- Sacral Nerve Stimulation -- Surgical Treatment of Rectocele: Colorectal Approaches -- Surgical Treatment of Rectocele: Gynecologic Approaches -- Perineal Procedures for Rectal Prolapse -- Constipation and Rectal Prolapse -- Laparoscopic Surgery for Rectal Prolapse -- Antegrade Continent Colonic Conduit -- Surgical Treatment of Hirschsprung’s Disease -- Chagasic Megacolon -- Surgical Treatment of Puborectalis Hypertrophy.