Environmental impacts in water resources planning

Machine generated contents note: Chapter 1 --INTRODUCTION --1.1. Purpose of the book --1.2. Water-resources planning (WRP) --1.3. Consideration of environmental issues in WRP --1.4. Need for practical tools to integrate environmental impacts into WRP --1.5. Arrangement of the book --Chapter 2 --SYSTEMS ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES USED IN WATER-RESOURCES PLANNING --2.1. Basic concepts and history --2.2. Formulation of general optimisation problem --2.3. System analysis techniques used in water-resources planning --2.3.1. The unit cost method --2.3.2. The equivalent cost per period --2.3.3. Linear programming --2.3.4. Mixed-integer modelling --2.3.5. The branch-and-bound algorithm to solve MIP problem --2.3.6. Dynamic programming --2.3.7. Search techniques --2.3.8. Decomposition and multilevel optimisation --2.3.9. Heuristic programming --2.3.10. Genetic algorithms --2.4. Illustrative examples of water-resources planning studies --Chapter 3 --MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING TECHNIQUES --3.1. Basic concepts --3.2. Formulation of the general multi-criteria programming problem --3.3. History of MCDM techniques --3.4. Review of MCDM techniques --3.4.1. Outranking type of techniques --3.4.2. Distance-based techniques --3.4.3. Value or utility type of techniques --3.4.4. Mixed type of techniques --3.5. Selection of an appropriate MCDM technique --3.6. Applications of MCDM techniques to water-resources planning --Chapter 4 --ECONOMIC VALUATION TECHNIQUES FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS --4.1. Historical considerations --4.2. Theoretical basis of economic analysis --4.3. Identification and quantification of environmental impacts --4.4. Economic valuation techniques --4.4.1. Generally-applicable techniques --4.4.2. Potentially-applicable techniques --4.4.3. Survey-based techniques and macro-economic models --4.5. Choosing the most appropriate technique --4.6. Applications of valuation techniques to water-related projects --Chapter 5 --INTEGRATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS INTO WATER-RESOURCES PLANNING --5.1. Treatment of environmental issues --5.1.1. Extension of benefit-cost analysis to include environmental objectives --5.1.2. Multi-criteria analysis to incorporate environmental issues --5.2. The approach to integrate environmental objectives into planning models: conceptual basis --5.2.1. Integration of environmental impacts into the objective function --5.2.2. Development of Environmental Impact Factors --5.3. Use of Composite Programming to develop environmental impact factors --5.3.1. Principles of Composite Programming --5.3.2. The procedure for Composite Programming --5.3.3 Evaluation of an option and selection of the best option --5.3.4. Development ofEIF from Composite Programming --Chapter 6 --MODEL DEVELOPMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC WATER-RESOURCES PLANNING --6.1. General considerations --6.2. The Environmental Impact Assessment model --6.2.1. Reading the data --6.2.2. Evaluation of general environmental criteria --6.2.3. Calculation of higher indicator values, EIF and the completion of the procedure --6.2.4. Writing data and outputs --6.2.5. Description of input data and outputs --6.2.6. Hardware and software requirements --6.3. Economic planning model --6.4. Overall model --6.4.1. Coupling the economic planning and EIA models --Chapter 7 --CASE STUDY: AN ENVIRONMENTALLY-SENSITIVE WATER-RESOURCES PLAN FOR ENGLAND AND WALES --7.1. General considerations --7.2. Description of case-study area --7.3. Description of the NRA national water plan --7.4. The model used in the application --7.5. Environmental evaluation of the options --7.6. Model runs --7.6.1. Model runs by modifying the EIA model input file --7.6.2. Sensitivity analysis: model runs with modified weights --7.7. Model results --7.8. Comments on case study --REFERENCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY --APPENDICES --Al. Description of EIF Types --A2. Environmental Impacts of Water-resource Developments --A2.1. General considerations --A2.2. Descriptions of project types considered --A3. Assigning Weights and Balancing Factors --A4. Sample Questionnaire --A5. Weights and Balancing Factors in terms of Weighting Options --A6. Contents of CD-ROM --A6.1. The APPENDICES directory --A6.2. The EIA directory.