Cover -- A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire -- Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization -- Title -- Copyright -- To Yesim -- Contents -- List of maps, graphs, and tables -- List of illustrations -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Note on transliteration -- CHAPTER 1 Introduction -- Trade, money, and states in the Mediterranean basin -- Ottoman economic policies -- Money, economy, and the Ottoman state -- A periodization -- CHAPTER 2 Trade and money at the origins -- Gold and Silver -- East and west -- Byzantine Empire and the Balkans -- Early Ottoman coinage -- Mints and their administration -- Silver mines -- Copper coinage -- CHAPTER 3 Interventionism and debasements as policy -- Centralization and interventionism -- The silver famines -- The debasements of Mehmed II -- Motives and explanations -- Towards a political economy of Ottoman debasements -- CHAPTER 4 The emerging monetary system -- The gold sultani: an "international" coin -- Foreign coins -- Gold-silver-copper -- Bimetallism or silver monometallism? -- Increasing use of money -- CHAPTER 5 Credit and finance -- Credit -- Business partnerships -- State finances and financing the state -- CHAPTER 6 Money and empire -- Monetary zones within the empire -- The Balkans -- Egypt -- The shahi zone -- The Crimean akce -- The Maghrib -- Algeria -- Tunis -- Tripoli -- CHAPTER 7 The Price Revolution in the Near East revisited -- Competing explanations -- New evidence and a review of the old -- Why did prices rise in the Near East? -- Long-term consequences of the Price Revolution -- CHAPTER 8 Debasement and disintegration -- The debasement of 1585-86: a turning point? -- Fiscal crises and monetary instability -- Disappearance of the akce -- CHAPTER 9 In the absence of domestic currency -- Debased coinage in Ottoman markets -- Belated government intervention -- The return of copper coinage.

CHAPTER 10 The new Ottoman kurus -- The Ottoman kurus -- Economic expansion and fiscal stability -- Fiscal troubles and depreciation of the kurus -- CHAPTER 11 Linkages with the periphery -- The para in Egypt -- The riyal of Tunis -- Algeria -- Tripoli -- Crimea -- Convergence of currencies -- CHAPTER 12 The Great Debasement -- Attempts at financial centralization -- Evolution of internal borrowing -- The Great Debasement (1808-34) -- Financing the state: The Galata bankers -- CHAPTER 13 From bimetallism to the "limping gold standard" -- Integration to the world economy -- Bimetallism, new coinage, and paper money -- Banks for lending to the state -- External borrowing -- The limping gold standard -- Commercial banking -- The financing of World War I -- CHAPTER 14 Conclusions -- APPENDIX I Excerpts from Ottoman Laws on taxation, money, mints, and mines -- APPENDIX II Price indices for Istanbul, 1469-1914 -- APPENDIX III A note on basic economic and monetary magnitudes -- Money in the Ottoman Empire -- Fourteenth and fifteenth centuries -- Sixteenth and seventeenth centuries -- Eighteenth century -- Ninteenth century -- Bibliography -- Index.