Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- The frontiers and challenges of biodynamics research -- 1 Background -- 2 Self-organization -- 3 Theoretical foundations and computer simulations -- 4 Nonlinear dynamics moves into cell and molecular biology: cellular oscillators, biological signaling and biochemical… -- 5 Biological interactions with external stimuli and nonlinear control -- 6 Purpose and contents -- 7 Frontiers and outlook -- References -- 1 External signals and internal oscillation dynamics: principal aspects and response of stimulated rhythmic processes -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Nonlinear dynamics -- 1.2.1 Basic concepts -- 1.2.2 Principal aspects of driven nonlinear systems -- 1.2.3 Consequences for the system's behavior -- 1.2.4 Combined influence of very fast and very slow signals -- 1.2.5 Combined influence of static, periodic and noisy signals -- 1.3 Biophysical rhythmicity -- 1.3.1 Requirements and concepts for a modeling approach -- 1.3.2 A paradigmatic model -- 1.4 Conclusions -- References -- 2 Nonlinear dynamics in biochemical and biophysical systems: from enzyme kinetics to epilepsy -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The peroxidase-oxidase reaction -- 2.3 Epilepsy -- 2.4 Modeling of neuronal dynamics -- 2.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 Fractal mechanisms in neuronal control: human heartbeat and gait dynamics in health and disease -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Fractal analysis methods -- 3.2.1 Fractal objects and self-similar processes -- 3.2.2 Mapping 'real-world' time series to self-similar processes -- 3.2.3 Detrended fluctuation analysis -- 3.2.4 Relationship between self-similarity and autocorrelation functions -- 3.3 Fractal dynamics of human heartbeat -- 3.3.1 Is the healthy human heartbeat fractal? -- 3.3.2 Does fractal scaling break down in disease and aging?.

3.3.3 Clinical utility of fractal heart rate analysis -- 3.4 Fractal dynamics of human walking -- 3.4.1 Is healthy gait rhythm fractal? -- 3.4.2 Stability of healthy fractal rhythm: effects of walking rate -- 3.4.3 Mechanisms of fractal gait -- 3.4.4 Alterations of fractal dynamics with aging and disease -- 3.4.4.1 Effects of aging -- 3.4.4.2 Effects of neurodegenerative disease -- 3.5 Fractal dynamics of heart rate and gait: implications and general conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 4 Self-organizing dynamics in human sensorimotor coordination and perception -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Evidence for self-organized dynamics from a human sensorimotor coordination experiment -- 4.2.1 Experimental design and observations -- 4.2.2 Results of data analysis -- 4.3 Evidence for self-organized dynamics from a speech perception experiment -- 4.3.1 Experimental design and basic findings -- 4.3.2 A dynamical model of categorization -- 4.3.3 Testing of a model prediction -- 4.4 Discussion and outlook -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 5 Signal processing by biochemical reaction networks -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Research goals -- 5.2 The circuit analogy and network analysis -- 5.2.1 Comparisons of electrical and chemical networks -- 5.2.1.1 Digital and analog circuitry -- 5.2.1.2 Synchronous and asynchronous design -- 5.2.2 Device function and state -- 5.2.2.1 Elementary electronic and chemical devices -- 5.2.2.2 Definition of state in electronic and chemical networks -- 5.2.3 Regulatory architecture, motifs, and circuit elements -- 5.2.3.1 Single enzymes and enzyme networks -- 5.2.3.2 Biochemical oscillators -- 5.2.3.3 Genetic regulatory circuits -- 5.2.3.4 Electrical and chemical frequency filters -- 5.3 Comments on the parameterization of models, nonlinear systems and cellular reliability -- 5.4 Summary and outlook -- Acknowledgments.

References -- 6 Electrical signal detection and noise in systems with long-range coherence -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Principles of electric field detection in biological systems -- 6.2.1 The cell membrane as a target for electric field coupling -- 6.2.2 Electric field effects on action potentials and cell electrical oscillations -- 6.3 Competing with noise -- 6.3.1 The role of ion channel noise in electric field detection -- 6.4 Signal detection in systems with long-range coherence -- 6.5 Biological implications of small perturbations to coherent systems -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 7 Oscillatory signals in migrating neutrophils: effects of time-varying chemical and electric fields -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Oscillatory receptor interactions and inside-out signaling -- 7.3 Outside-in signaling in cellular function -- 7.4 Cell metabolism as a message for activation and polarization -- 7.5 Neutrophil response to pulsed chemical fields -- 7.6 Pulsed electric fields:the signal contribution of metabolic resonance -- 7.6.1 Electromechanical coupling hypothesis -- 7.7 Clinical abnormalities in neutrophil oscillators -- 7.8 Discussion and conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 8 Enzyme kinetics and nonlinear biochemical amplification in response to static and oscillating magnetic fields -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.1.1 The quest to understand magnetic field effects at the biomolecular level -- 8.1.2 A two-stage model for magnetic field interactions in biological systems -- 8.2 The radical pair mechanism in biological systems -- 8.2.1 Principles underlying the radical pair mechanism -- 8.2.2 Static magnetic field effects in enzyme kinetics -- 8.2.3 Oscillating magnetic field effects in enzyme kinetics -- 8.3 Magnetic field stimuli as a tool for controlling self-organized biological dynamics -- 8.3.1 A minimum model of a biochemical oscillator.

8.3.2 Oscillating and static magnetic field control of the biochemical oscillator -- 8.4 Nonlinear biochemical amplification in response to weak perturbation -- 8.4.1 Magnetic field control of an enzyme-regulated biochemical oscillator -- 8.5 Conclusions and outlook -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 9 Magnetic field sensitivity in the hippocampus -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Electric and magnetic field stimulation of the brain -- 9.2 Parallel pharmacological and magnetic field studies -- 9.2.1 Establishing the magnetic field effect: frequency and amplitude response -- 9.2.2 The presence of NO destabilizes RSA intervals -- 9.2.3 Hippocampal magnetic field response is dependent on NO -- 9.2.4 Epileptiform activity is also a NO-dependent process -- 9.2.5 Epileptiform activity is inhibited by magnetic field exposure and by GABA agonists -- 9.2.6 Static or variable-frequency magnetic fields do not affect epileptic activity -- 9.3 Dynamical studies: phase-tracking experiments -- 9.3.1 Interpretation of phase-tracking experiments -- 9.4 Conclusions, discussion and a speculative outlook -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 10 Stochastic resonance: looking forward -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.1.1 Basic principles underlying stochastic resonance -- 10.1.2 The nondynamical picture of stochastic resonance -- 10.2 Stochastic resonance moves into biology -- 10.2.1 Single neurons: the crayfish mechanoreceptor -- 10.2.2 Networks: the crayfish sixth ganglion -- 10.2.3 A survival trait? -- 10.2.4 But does the animal actually use stochastic resonance? -- 10.2.4.1 The paddlefish electroreceptor -- 10.2.4.2 A behavioral experiment -- 10.3 And into medical science -- 10.3.1 Electromyography of the median nerve -- 10.3.2 Electrophysiology of proprioceptor neurons -- 10.3.3 Noise-mediated coherence in distributed systems.

10.3.3.1 The subexcitable Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction -- 10.3.3.2 Self-organized critical behavior in astrocyte syncytia -- 10.4 Looking to the future -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 11 Stochastic resonance and small-amplitude signal transduction in voltage-gated ion channels -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Stochastic resonance in a time-dependent Poisson process -- 11.3 Ion channels as molecular' stochastic resonators' -- 11.3.1 Periodic signal modulation -- 11.3.2 Noise enhancement of signal transduction -- 11.4 Concluding remarks on small-signal stochastic resonance -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 12 Ratchets, rectifiers, and demons: the constructive role of noise in free energy and signal transduction -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Maxwell's demon -- 12.3 Ratchets and rectifiers -- 12.4 Biasing Brownian motion -- 12.4.1 Information ratchet -- 12.4.2 Energy ratchet -- 12.5 Chemically driven motion -- 12.5.1 Information ratchet -- 12.5.2 Energy ratchet -- 12.6 Biased diffusion in practice -- 12.7 Perspective -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13 Cellular transduction of periodic and stochastic energy signals by electroconformational coupling -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Chemical reactions in isotropic and anisotropic media -- 13.2.1 Periodic driving force and randomly fluctuating driving force -- 13.3 Electroconformational coupling -- 13.3.1 Properties and predictions of an ECC transporter-an electric ratchet -- 13.3.2 Energy coupling of periodic electric fields -- 13.3.3 Energy coupling of randomly fluctuating or stochastic electric fields -- 13.4 Sensing of weak electric fields -- 13.5 The effects of broad-band (white) electric noise: stochastic resonance -- 13.6 Michaelis-Menten enzyme models -- 13.7 The language of cells -- References -- 14 Controlling chaos in dynamical systems -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Control theory and experiments.

14.3 Chemical chaos.