Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- 1 Word: a typological framework -- 1 The tradition -- 2 Doing without 'word' -- 3 What is word? -- 4 Confusions -- 4.1 Word and lexeme -- 4.2 Orthographic word -- 4.3 Grammatical and phonological aspects -- 5 Some suggested criteria -- 6 Phonological word -- 7 Grammatical word -- 8 Clitics -- 9 Relationship between grammatical and phonological words -- 10 Do all languages have words? -- 11 The social status of words -- 12 Summary -- Appendix Sample outline account of phonological word and grammatical word in Fijian -- Phonological word -- Grammatical word -- Relation between grammatical and phonological words -- References -- 2 Typological parameters for the study of clitics, with special reference to Tariana -- 1 Parameters for clitics -- 2 Words and clitics in Tariana -- 2.1 Typological properties of Tariana -- 2.2 Phonological word in Tariana -- 2.3 Grammatical word in Tariana -- 2.4 Clitics in Tariana -- 3 Summary: the status of clitics -- Appendix Additional issues concerning clitics, and parameters suggested for distinguishing between clitics and affixes -- References -- 3 The word in Cup'ik -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The language -- 3 A thumbnail typology -- 4 The word for 'word' in Cup'ik -- 5 Grammatical word -- 5.1 The inflectional system -- 5.2 Inflection as a criterion for wordhood -- 5.3 The base as a criterion for wordhood -- 5.4 Grammatical word as stand-alone -- 5.5 Phrase within a word: a complication -- 5.6 Summary -- 6 Enclitics in grammar -- 6.1 Enclitic grammar -- 6.2 Why not consider enclitics as grammatical suffixes? -- 7 Phonological word -- 7.1 Prosodic criteria -- 7.2 Segmental criteria -- 7.3 Grammatical word with enclitics as phonological word domain -- 7.4 The pause criterion.

8 Summary of grammatical-word-phonological-word mismatches -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- 4 The word in Eastern/Central Arrernte -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Brief summary of typology -- 3 Phonological word -- 3.1 Prosodically conditioned allomorphy -- 3.2 Final vowels -- 3.3 Initial vowels and other segments -- 3.4 The Rabbit Talk play language -- 3.5 Stress -- 3.6 Summary -- 4 Criteria for grammatical word -- 5 Clitics -- 6 Relationship between phonological and grammatical word -- 6.1 Two grammatical words align with a single phonological word -- 6.2 Two phonological words align with a single grammatical word -- 6.3 Phonological word is misaligned with two grammatical words -- 7 Complex predicates -- 7.1 Types of evidence for complex word structure -- 7.2 Discussion of complex predicate types -- 7.3 Summary -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- 5 The eclectic morphology of Jarawara, and the status of word -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Phonological word -- 3 Clause structure and verbal clauses -- 4 Predicate structure -- 4.1 Verbal reduplication -- 4.2 Types of suffix -- 4.3 Subtypes of auxiliary-taking suffixes -- 4.4 Subtypes of normal suffixes -- 4.5 The six echelons of morphological suffixes -- 5 Grammatical word and predicate - general discussion -- 6 The grammatical word in Jarawara -- 6.1 Rejecting an alternative analysis -- 7 Summary of instances where the two kinds of word do not correspond -- Appendix List of miscellaneous, tense-modal and mood suffixes -- Slot F Miscellaneous suffixes -- Slot G Tense-modal suffixes (given as f/m) -- Slot J Mood suffixes (given as f/m) -- Slot K Post-mood suffixes -- References -- 6 Towards a notion of 'word' in sign languages -- 1 Words and signs: on psychological and cultural validity -- 2 Grammatical and phonological words in sign languages -- 3 Compounds and clitics in sign languages -- 3.1 Compounds in sign languages.

3.2 Pronoun clitics in sign languages -- 4 Words and signs revisited -- 4.1 Simultaneous words -- 4.2 The semiotics of signs -- References -- 7 A synchronic and diachronic perspective on 'word' in Siouan -- 1 Typology -- 1.1 Incorporation -- 1.2 Agglutination and fusion -- 1.3 Polysynthesis -- 2 Grammatical words -- 2.1 Words and prefixes in Dakotan and Dhegihan -- 2.2 Missouri River Siouan affixal morphology -- 2.3 Summary of synchronic questions -- 2.4 Grammatical hierarchy -- 3 Phonological words -- 3.1 Accent -- 3.2 Pauses -- 3.3 Phonological and grammatical congruity -- 3.4 The phonological hierarchy -- 4 Enclitics -- 4.1 Dakotan enclitics -- 4.2 Sources and stability of enclitics -- 4.3 One word or two: enclitic or auxiliary? -- 4.4 Noun enclitics -- 4.5 Controversial nature of Siouan enclitics -- 5 Definitional problems -- 5.1 Implications of linguistic change -- 6 Speakers' concept of 'word' -- 6.1 Taboo -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- 8 What is a word in Dagbani? -- 1 Phonological word -- 1.1 Syllable structure and word boundaries -- 1.2 Stress -- 1.3 Tone -- 1.4 The word as domain for phonological rules -- 1.5 The minimal word requirement in Dagbani -- 2 Grammatical word -- 2.1 Compounding -- 2.2 Adjectival derivations -- 3 Clitics -- 3.1 Pronouns -- 3.2 Pre-verbal markers -- 3.3 Post-verbal emphasisers -- 4 Relationship between grammatical and phonological word -- Appendices -- I The word for 'word' in Dagbani -- II Psycholinguistic experiments on the acceptability of pseudo-words -- III The word in Dagbani orthography -- References -- 9 The word in Georgian -- 1 Summary of the typology -- 2 The grammatical word in Georgian -- 2.1 Basic criteria -- 2.2 Recursion -- 2.3 A single inflectional affix per word -- 2.4 Pausability -- 2.5 Complete utterance -- 2.6 Circumfixes -- 2.7 Conclusion -- 3 The phonological word in Georgian -- 3.1 Stress.

3.2 Phonological processes and syllable structure -- 3.3 Conclusions -- 4 Clitics -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 10 The word in Modern Greek -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Some important preliminaries -- 2.1 The theoretical framework -- 2.2 Range of clitic-like phenomena in Greek -- 2.3 A quick typology of Modern Greek -- 3 Various types of 'word' and relevant criteria and tests -- 3.1 Phonological factors - segmental -- 3.2 Phonological factors - phonotactics of clusters -- 3.3 Morphophonemics -- 3.4 A further segmental phenomenon -- 3.5 Suprasegmental issues -- 3.6 Some possible morphological criteria -- 4 Summation regarding wordhood -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 11 What can we conclude? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The word as established in Latin -- 3 How can general linguists help? -- 4 'Clitics' -- 5 Are units like words necessary? -- References -- Index of authors -- Index of languages and language families -- Index of subjects.