Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1 NANOPOROUS MATERIALS - AN OVERVIEW -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Nanotechnology and nanomaterials -- 1.2 Definitions of pores and porous materials -- 2 Classification of Nanoporous Materials -- 3 Properties and characterization of nanoporous materials -- 4 Major opportunities in applications -- 4.1 Environmental separations -- 4.2 Clean energy production and storage -- 4.3 Catalysis and photocatalysis -- 4.4 Sensors and actuators -- 4.5 Biological applications -- 4.6 Other applications -- 5 Concluding remarks -- References -- Chapter 2 ADVANCES IN MESOPOROUS MATERIALS TEMPLATED BY NONIONIC BLOCK COPOLYMERS -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Siliceous mesoporous materials -- 3 Wall structures of mesoporous materials templated by amphiphilic block copolymers -- 4 Morphology of mesoporous materials templated by block copolymers -- 4.1 Fibers, rods, and spheres -- 4.2 Monoliths and Membranes -- 4.3 Films -- 4.4 Mesoporous crystals and polyhedrons -- 5 Non-siliceous structures -- 6 Applications -- 6.1 Catalysis -- 6.2 Adsorption -- 6.3 Separation -- 6.4 Optics -- 6.5 Sensors -- 6.6 Nanoreactors -- 7 Conclusion remarks -- 8 Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 3 ZEOLITE/MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR SIEVE COMPOSITE MATERIALS -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Mechanisms of zeolite germination -- 2.1 Crystallization by solid-solid transformation -- 2.2 Crystallization from clear solutions -- 3 Synthesis strategies for zeolite/ MMS composites -- 3.1 Early attempts -- 3.2 MMS as precursors of zeolites -- 3.3 Auto-assembly of polyanions -- 3.4 Auto-assembly of zeolite seeds -- 3.5 Zeolite coated mesoporous molecular sieves -- 4 Catalytic properties -- 4.1 Acid catalysts -- 4.2 Redox Catalysts -- 5 Future Challenges -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 4 CHROMIUM-CONTAINING ORDERED NANOPOROUS MATERIALS -- 1 Introduction.

2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Starting Materials -- 2.2 Synthesis -- 2.3 Characterization -- 2.4 Reaction Procedure -- 2.5 Leaching Studies -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- 5 Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 5 SURFACTANT-TEMPLATED MESOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS: SYNTHESIS AND COMPOSITIONAL CONTROL -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Synthesis routes -- 2.1 Surfactant templating routes -- 2.2 Electrodeposition with surfactant templating -- 2.3 Other related routes to mesostructured materials -- 3 Compositions of mesostructured and mesoporous materials -- 3.1 Aluminum oxide -- 3.2 Transition metal oxides -- 3.3 Metal phosphates, sulfates, and sulfonates -- 3.4 Metal chalcogenides -- 3.5 Metals -- 3.6 Other compositions -- 3.7 Mixed compositions -- 4 Conclusions and outlook -- 5 Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6 ORGANIC HOST-GUEST STRUCTURES IN THE SOLID STATE -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Host design principles -- 3 C3 symmetry and halogen···halogen interaction in host design -- 4 Wheel-axle host lattice -- 5 Design of layered host: crystal engineering -- 6 Gas storage in interstitial voids -- 7 Guest selectivity in inclusion -- 8 Conclusions -- 9 Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 7 NONSURFACTANT ROUTE TO NANOPOROUS PHENYL-MODIFIED HYBRID SILICA MATERIALS -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Materials and Synthesis -- 2.2 Characterization and Instrumentation -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Synthesis and compositions -- 3.2 Infrared spectroscopy -- 3.3 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms -- 3.4 TEM and relationship between pore structural parameters and fructose concentration -- 4 Conclusions -- 5 Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 8 3D MACROPOROUS PHOTONIC MATERIALS TEMPLATED BY SELF ASSEMBLED COLLOIDAL SPHERES -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A survey of photonic bandgap -- 3 Nanolithography for photonic crystals.

4 Self-assembly approaches to 3D photonic crystals -- 4.1 Colloidal microspheres and artificial opals -- 4.2 Fabrication of artificial opals -- 4.3 Annealing of artificial opal -- 4.4 Infiltration -- 4.5 Removal of template -- 5 Fabrication of intentional defects in 3D photonic crystals -- 6 Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 9 HYDROPHOBIC MICROPOROUS SILICA MEMBRANES FOR GAS SEPARATION AND MEMBRANE REACTORS -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Inorganic membranes -- 2.1 Overview -- 2.2 Sol-gel methods -- 3 Hydrothermal stability and hydrophobicity -key areas of improvement -- 3.1 Structural influences of water vapor on the membranes and xerogels -- 3.2 Improvement of the thermal stability -- 3.3 Methods to improve the hydrophobicity -- 4 Membrane Reactors -- 4.1 Applications -- 4.2 Comparison of various membrane reactors -- 5 Perspective and concluding remarks -- 6 Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 10 SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Construction, Structure and Unique Properties of Carbon Nanotubes -- 2.1 Construction and structure -- 2.2 Main properties and promising applications -- 3 Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes -- 3.1 General classification -- 3.2 Electric arc discharge method -- 3.3 Laser ablation method -- 3.4 Catalytic vapour decomposition of hydrocarbons -- 4 Surface and Pore Structure of Carbon Nanotubes -- 4.1 Pore structure -- 4.2 Surface Area -- 4.3 Surface heterogeneity -- 5 Experimental Investigations on Hydrogen Uptake in Carbon Nanotubes -- 5.1 Gas phase hydrogen adsorption in carbon nanotubes -- 5.2 Electrochemical hydrogen storage in carbon nanotubes -- 6 Theoretical Predictions and Simulations of Hydrogen Uptake in Carbon Nanotubes -- 6.1 Simplistic geometric estimate and qualitative discussion.

6.2 Simulations and calculations on physisorption of hydrogen in carbon nanotubes -- 6.3 Simulations and calculations on chemisorption of hydrogen in carbon nanotubes -- 7 Possible Hydrogen Adsorption Sites in Carbon Nanotubes -- 8 Future Research Topics and Remarks -- 9 Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 11 PHYSICAL ADSORPTION CHARACTERIZATION OF ORDERED AND AMORPHOUS MESOPOROUS MATERIALS -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Surface and pore size analysis by physisorption: General aspects -- 2.1 Physisorption measurement -- 2.2 Characterization of mesoporous materials -- 2.3 Adsorptives other than nitrogen for mesopore analysis -- 3 Pore condensation and adsorption hysteresis -- 3.1 The modified Kelvin equation -- 3.2 Sorption and phase behavior of fluids in mesopores: multilayer adsorption, pore condensation and critical behavior -- 3.3 Pore condensation hysteresis -- 4 Pore size analysis of mesoporous solids -- 4.1 Classical, macroscopic thermodynamic methods versus microscopic models (NLDFT) for pore size analysis -- 4.2 Use of the adsorption or desorption branch for pore size calculation? -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- 6 Acknowledgements -- 7 References -- Chapter 12 MOLECULAR SIMULATION OF ADSORPTION IN POROUS MATERIALS -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Simulation Techniques -- 3 Thermodynamics -- 4 Adsorption in spaces with simple geometries -- 4.1 Packing in micropores -- 4.2 Mesopores, capillary condensation and hysteresis -- 5 Adsorption heterogeneity -- 6 Adsorption in zeolites -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 13 SURFACE FUNCTIONALIZATION OF ORDERED NANOPOROUS SILICATES -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Functionalization of ONSs by grafting -- 2.1 Surface chemistry of ONSs -- 2.2 Grafting of organosilanes - silylation -- 2.3 Grafting of catalytic species -- 3 Functionalization by co-condensation -- 3.1 Synthesis of functionalized SBA-15 materials by co-condensation.

3.2 N2 physisorption isotherms -- 3.3 SAXS characterization -- 3.4 TEM observation -- 3.5 NMR characterization -- 3.6 Elemental analysis and XPS characterization -- 4 Concluding remarks -- 5 Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 14 SURFACE ALUMINATION OF MESOPOROUS SILICATES -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Direct mixed-gel synthesised mesoporous aluminosilicates -- 3 Methods for the surface alumination of mesoporous silicas -- 4 Acidity and catalytic activity of Al-grafted mesoporous silicates -- 5 Stability of Al-grafted mesoporous aluminosilicates -- 6 Alumination of mesoporous silica via composite materials -- 7 Concluding remarks -- 8 Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 15 ACIDITY MEASUREMENT OF NANOPOROUS ALUMINOSILICATES - ZEOLITES AND MCM-41 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Titration Methods -- 3 Thermodynamic Methods -- 3.1 Calorimetry -- 3.2 Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of base molecules -- 4 Infrared Spectroscopic (IR) Methods -- 4.1 FTIR hydroxyl groups of zeolites. -- 4.2 FTIR of zeolite and MCM-41 adsorbed probe molecules -- 5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Methods -- 6 Other Spectroscopic Methods -- 6.1 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) -- 6.2 Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy (PAS) -- 6.3 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR ) -- 7 Concluding Remarks -- 8 Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 16 NANOCATALYSTS PREPARED BY THE MOLECULARLY DESIGNED DISPERSION PROCESS -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Molecular designed dispersion approach -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Surface-metal complex interactions -- 2.3 Thermolysis of supported polynuclear metal complexes -- 2.4 Reaction scheme of the molecular designed dispersion process -- 3 Applications: designed dispersions of metal oxides on porous solids -- 3.1 MCM-48 and silica supported vanadium oxide catalysts prepared by the reaction with VO(acac)2.

3.2 Silica supported vanadium-tantalum mixed oxides.