
Fundamentals Of Solar Astronomy.
Title:
Fundamentals Of Solar Astronomy.
Author:
Bhatnagar, Arvind.
ISBN:
9789812567871
Personal Author:
Physical Description:
1 online resource (467 pages)
Contents:
Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Ancient Solar Astronomy -- 1.1 Mythologies about the Sun -- 1.1.1 In Early Europe -- 1.1.2 North America -- 1.1.3 South America -- 1.1.4 Egypt and the Middle East -- 1.1.5 Greek and Roman Mythology -- 1.1.6 In Asia -- 1.2 Major Ancient Solar Observing Sites -- 1.2.1 In Europe -- 1.2.2 In Ancient Egypt -- 1.2.3 In Ancient Babylon -- 1.2.4 In the Early Americas -- 1.2.5 In Far East - Asia -- 1.2.6 In Ancient India -- 1.2.7 Solar Astronomy in the Medieval Period -- Chapter 2 Modern Solar Observatories -- 2.0 Introduction -- 2.1 Ground-based Solar Optical Facilities -- 2.1.1 Optical Solar Observatories in North and South America -- 2.1.2 Solar Observatories on the European Continent -- 2.1.3 Solar Observatories in Asia-Australia -- 2.2 Solar Radio Observatories -- 2.3. Current Solar Space Missions -- 2.3.1 Planned Solar Space Missions -- Chapter 3 Structure of Solar Atmosphere -- 3.1 From the Solar Interior to the Photosphere -- 3.1.1 Hydrostatic Equilibrium in Solar Interior -- 3.1.2 Energy Generation -- 3.1.3 Energy Transport and Solar Model -- 3.1.4 The Neutrino Behavior -- 3.2 The Solar Constant - Solar Irradiance -- 3.3 Limb Darkening -- 3.3.1 Limb Polarization -- 3.4 Solar Rotation -- 3.4.1 Solar Rotation from Sunspot Tracers -- 3.4.2 Variation of Rotation Rate with Solar Cycle -- 3.4.3 Rotation of Photospheric Magnetic Field -- 3.4.4 Rotation in the Solar Interior -- 3.5 Fast and Slow Streams-the Torsional Oscillations -- 3.6 Rotation of the Chromosphere and Corona -- 3.6.1 Coronal Rotation from LASCO Observations -- Chapter 4 The Quiet Sun -- 4.0 Introduction -- 4.1 The Quiet Photosphere -- 4.1.1 Granulation -- 4.1.2 Supergranulation -- 4.1.3 Mesogranulation -- 4.2 The Quiet Chromosphere -- 4.2.1 Introduction -- 4.2.2 Chromospheric Heating and it's Spectrum -- 4.2.3 Quiet Chromospheric Structure.
4.2.4 Quiet Chromospheric Model -- 4.3 Transition Region -- 4.4 The Quiet Corona -- 4.4.1 Introduction -- 4.4.2 Coronal Components, Brightness and Structure -- 4.4.3 Coronal Structure -- 4.4.4 Observations in Short Wavelengths & Coronal Hole -- 4.4.5 Temperature and Density Profile of the Corona -- 4.4.6 Coronal Bright Points -- 4.4.7 Radio, EUV and X-ray Emissions from the Corona -- 4.4.8 Coronal X-ray and Extreme Ultra Violet Emissions -- 4.4.9 Coronal Magnetic Fields -- 4.4.10 Coronal Heating -- Chapter 5 The Active Sun -- 5.0 Introduction -- 5.1 Photospheric Activity -- 5.1.1 Sunspots -- 5.1.2 Sunspot Penumbra -- 5.1.3 Structure of Sunspot Umbrae -- 5.1.4 Bipolar Characteristics of Sunspots -- 5.1.5 Sunspot Models -- 5.1.6 Wilson Effect -- 5.1.7 Life-times, Number and Latitude Variations of Sunspots -- 5.2 Faculae -- 5.2.1 Photospheric Faculae -- 5.2.2 Chromospheric Faculae or Flocculi or Plages -- 5.3 Chromospheric Activity -- 5.3.1 Ellerman Bombs - Moustaches -- 5.4 Evolution of Chromospheric Active Regions -- 5.4.1 Magnetic Fields and Chromospheric Flocculi -- 5.5 Large Scale Magnetic Fields -- 5.5.1 Fine Scale and Ephemeral Magnetic Regions -- 5.5.2 Dispersion and Annihilation of Magnetic Fields -- 5.5.3 Polar Magnetic Fields -- 5.5.4 Migration of Fields -- 5.5.5 Generation of Magnetic Fields -- 5.6 Solar Prominences and Filaments -- 5.6.1 Classification of Prominences -- 5.6.2 Filaments -- 5.6.3 Quiescent Prominences -- 5.6.4 Disparition Brusque -- 5.6.5 Active Prominences -- 5.6.6 Loop Prominences -- 5.6.7 Eruptive Prominences -- 5.6.8 Surges and Sprays -- 5.7 Support and Stability of Prominences -- 5.8 Solar Flares -- 5.8.1 Flare Classification -- 5.8.2 Temporal Characteristics of Flares -- 5.8.3 Optical Flares -- 5.8.4 Two Ribbon Flares -- 5.8.5 Homologous Flares -- 5.8.6 Filament - Associated Flares -- 5.8.7 Limb Flares.
5.8.8 White Light Flares -- 5.8.9 Flare Associated Phenomena -- 5.8.10 Radio Emission from Flares -- 5.8.11 EUV and X-ray Flare Emissions -- 5.8.12 Gamma Ray Flares -- 5.8.13 Cosmic Ray and Proton Flares -- 5.8.14 Flare Theories -- 5.8.15 Flare Energy Build-up -- 5.8.16 Flare Energy Release -- 5.8.17 Flare Models -- 5.9 Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) -- 5.9.1 Morphology and Development of CMEs -- 5.9.2 Source Regions ofCMEs -- 5.9.3 Mechanism for Generation of CME -- 5.9.4 Driving Mechanism -- 5.9.5 X-ray Blow Outs (XBO) -- Chapter 6 Observational Techniques -- 6.1 Evaluating Solar Seeing -- 6.2 Determination of Fundamental Solar Parameters -- 6.2.1 Solar Parallax and Distance -- 6.2.2 Solar Mass -- 6.2.3 Solar Diameter, Density and Surface Gravity -- 6.2.4 Solar Luminosity L -- 6.2.5 Temperature of the Sun -- 6.2.6 Position Determination of Solar Features -- Chapter 7 Solar Optical Instrumentation -- 7.1 Solar Optical Telescopes -- 7.1.1 Coelostat -- 7.1.2 Heliostat and Siderostat -- 7.1.3 Coronagraph -- 7.2 Solar Image Guiders -- 7.2.1 Active Mirrors and Adaptive Optics -- 7.3 Spectrographs -- 7.4 Imaging the Sun -- 7.4.1 Spectroheliograph -- 7.4.2 Narrow Band Filters -- 7.4.3 Principle of Fabry-Perot (F-P) Filter -- 7.4.4 Special Purpose Narrow Band Filters -- 7.4.5 Filter-based Solar Magnetograph -- Chapter 8 Solar Eclipses -- 8.1 Eclipse Geometry -- 8.1.1 Saros Cycle -- 8.2 Eclipses as Time Keepers -- 8.3 Solar Corona and Cosmic Magnetism -- 8.4 Scientific Results from Eclipse Observations -- 8.5 Observing a Total Solar Eclipse -- 8.5.1 Logistic, Site & Weather Conditions etc. -- 8.5.2 Eye Protection -- 8.5.3 What to Look for -- Chapter 9 Solar Interior and Helioseismology -- 9.0 Introduction -- 9.1 Solar Oscillations -- 9.1.1 l-v Diagram -- 9.1.2 Solar Standard Model (SSM) -- 9.1.3 Observations of Solar Oscillations.
9.1.4 Spherical Harmonic Quantum Numbers l, m, and n -- 9.2 Salient Results from Helioseismology -- 9.2.1 Tachocline -- 9.2.2 Helium Abundance -- 9.2.3 Temperature and Frequency Variation with Solar Cycle -- 9.2.4 Back Side View of the Sun -- 9.2.5 Sunquakes -- 9.2.6 Velocity Structure & Rotation in the Solar Interior -- 9.2.7 The Neutrino Puzzle -- Chapter 10 On the Joy of Observing the Sun - A Personal Experience -- Appendix I Basic Units, Conversion Factors, Physical and Astronomical Constants -- A. Basic Units - Length -- B. Conversion Factors -- C. Basic Physical Constants -- D. Units used in Astronomy -- E. Astronomical Constants -- Appendix II Glossary -- Appendix III References -- Appendix IV Acknowledgement for Illustrations -- Appendix V Index.
Abstract:
There are several textbooks available on solar astronomy which deal with advanced astrophysical aspects of solar physics, and books which provide very elementary knowledge about the Sun. This book will help to bridge the gap. It aims to stimulate interest in solar astronomy, presenting at one place the basic methods and techniques used in the field, together with the latest findings and the excitement in solar physics. As solar astronomy is becoming very popular among amateur astronomers and laymen, the book provides the practical knowledge to build simple solar telescopes and other equipment for making solar observations. Amateur astronomers have made important contributions to solar astronomy, and this book will help to guide them in their endeavours. The book can also serve as a text for undergraduate and graduate students starting out on solar physics. Using it, graduate students can easily embark on specific topics of research in solar astronomy.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
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