Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- Glossary -- Modifiers -- Terms -- Learning handicap, specific -- 1 Looking ahead -- Problems associated with epilepsy in children -- The developing child -- Epilepsy dysfunctions -- Language -- Learning -- Behavior -- Factors and modifiers -- Seizure type and location -- Appearance -- Idiopathic versus symptomatic -- Gender -- Age at onset -- Timing -- Frequency -- Length -- Therapy -- Attitudes and interactions -- The whole-child model -- REFERENCE -- Part I Speech and language problems -- 2 Language: the challenge -- Are speech and language problems a part of epilepsy? -- The international experience -- The national experience -- The Kansas Epilepsy Center experience -- Overall conclusions -- Speech-language problems are more common than suspected yet often overlooked -- All aspects of language have been associated with epilepsy-related problems -- There are multiple causes for language problems in epilepsy -- The course of the language problem may be variable -- A group of special language-regression syndromes exist as a special challenge -- Language problems may underlie some learning and behavior problems of epilepsy -- The challenge -- REFERENCES -- 3 Speech, language, and communication -- Communication disorders -- Language disorders -- Speech disorder -- Other communicative disorders -- Hearing disorders -- Language processing -- Organization and language in the brain -- Localization -- Lateralization -- Right-handers -- Left-handers -- Language development -- Prenatal -- Infancy -- Early childhood -- Late childhood -- Damage versus plasticity -- Plasticity and function transfer -- Epilepsy -- REFERENCES -- 4 Speech and language problems in epilepsy -- Processing problems -- Agnosia -- Aphasia -- Isolated episodic aphasias -- Receptive aphasia.

Expressive aphasia -- Presentation -- Simple brief attacks -- Complex presentations -- Aphasic status -- Postictal aphasia -- Persistent episodic aphasia -- Related seizure types -- Diagnosis -- Cause -- Differential diagnosis -- Speech-language regression -- Apraxia of speech -- Anomia -- Performance problems -- Speech arrest -- Vocal utterances -- Dysarthria and articulation problems -- Articulation problems -- Dysarthria -- Dysfluency -- Stuttering -- Automatic flow of speech -- Verbosity -- Mutism -- Prosody -- Speech content -- Antiepileptic drug bonuses -- REFERENCES -- 5 Seizure types and speech and language risks -- Epilepsy types -- Generalized epilepsies -- Generalized tonic-clonic -- Status epilepticus -- Absence -- Absence status -- Atypical absence attacks -- Absence versus complex partial stares -- Minor motor (atonic, akinetic, myoclonic) seizures -- Syndromes -- Infantile spasms -- Lennox-Gastaut syndrome -- Partial seizures -- Simple partial epilepsies -- Frontal -- Supplemental motor -- Benign Rolandic (centrotemporal) epilepsy -- Temporal-parietal -- Complex partial epilepsies -- Language-processing deficits -- Agnosia -- Aphasia -- Anomia -- Paroxysmal word utterances -- Arrests -- Fluency -- Verbosity -- Neologisms -- Partial epileptic aphasic status -- Acquired agnosia/aphasia with epilepsy -- Language-induced reflex seizures -- Spikes but no clinical seizures -- Modifiers -- Causes -- Gender -- Age of onset -- Frequency -- Timing -- Epileptic status -- REFERENCES -- 6 Language regression with epilepsy syndromes -- Landau-Kleffner syndrome -- Clinical -- Acute regressive stage -- Language regression -- Seizures -- Behavior -- Stabilization period -- Recovery period -- Examination -- Epidemiology -- Diagnostics -- Electroencephalography -- Sleep spike-waves of sleep -- Video-electroencephalography monitoring -- Relationships.

Magnetoencephalography -- Brain mapping -- Other diagnostics -- Radiologic brain imaging -- Functional imaging studies -- Audiometric evaluation and evoked potentials -- Other tests -- Functional diagnostics -- Psychological evaluation -- Intelligence testing -- Psycholinguistic testing -- Academic testing -- Speech and language evaluation -- Differential diagnosis -- Pathogenesis -- Epileptic disruption -- Developmental problem -- Infectious/autoimmune disorder -- Brain lesion -- Miscellaneous reports -- Pathology -- Diagnostic considerations -- Treatment -- Anticonvulsants -- Immunologic therapy -- Neurosurgical approaches -- Subpial transection -- Remediative support -- Learning -- Language -- Behavior -- Prognosis -- Complications -- Neurologic recovery -- Language recovery -- Learning disabilities -- Related acquired epilepsy and aphasia syndromes -- Developmental dysphasia with epilepsy -- Clinical -- Diagnosis -- Cause -- Examination -- Diagnostics -- Electroencephalography -- Radiologic diagnostics -- Pathology -- Therapy -- Autism with epilepsy -- Electrical status epilepticus in sleep -- Epidemiology -- Clinical -- Seizures -- Examination -- Differential diagnosis -- Diagnostics -- Electroencephalography -- Other studies -- Cause -- Course -- Prognosis -- Complications -- Therapy -- Landau-Kleffner syndrome/continuous spike-wave of sleep variants -- Acquired visual agnosia with epilepsy -- Acquired apraxia with continuous spike-waves in sleep -- Acquired frontal dysfunction with epilepsy -- REFERENCES -- 7 Other epilepsy language syndromes -- Perisylvian-opercular syndromes -- Congenital perisylvian syndrome -- Clinical -- Examination -- Diagnosis -- Electroencephalogram -- Neuroradiology -- Cause -- Treatment -- Acquired epileptiform opercular syndrome -- Clinical -- Course -- Examination -- Diagnosis -- Electroencephalography.

Neuroimaging -- Other tests -- Neuropsychologic testing -- Cause -- Therapy -- Infectious and immunologic speech regression -- Post-encephalitis language disorders -- Protracted partial complex status syndrome -- Clinical presentation -- Deteriorative phase -- Obtundation phase -- Improvement phase -- Recovery or relapse phase -- Subtypes -- Considerations -- Examination -- Diagnostics -- Cause -- Course -- Outlook -- Treatment -- Rasmussen's syndrome -- Clinical -- Seizures -- Unilateral progressive cerebral damage -- Course -- Examination -- Diagnostics -- Electroencephalography -- Radiology -- Other tests -- Neuropsychologic studies -- Epidemiology -- Pathology -- Outlook -- Cause -- Treatment -- Neurosurgical approaches -- REFERENCES -- 8 Seizure-management effects -- Antiepileptic drug helps and hindrances -- Pharmacologic principles -- Inhibiting excessive excitation and vice versa -- Stopping the focus, enlargement, and spread -- Drugs affect more than just seizure discharges -- Older versus newer drugs -- Inhibition versus excitation -- Rational polypharmacy -- Antiepileptic drug effects on speech and language -- Drugs for major seizures -- Barbiturates -- Hydantoins -- Carbamazepine -- Valproate -- Drugs for minor seizures -- Benzodiazepines -- Diones -- Succinimides -- New anticonvulsants -- Seizure surgery and speech and language functions -- Temporal lobectomy -- Preoperative work-up -- Intracarotid amytal (Wada) testing -- Functional imagery -- Cortical mapping -- Surgical approaches -- Results -- Postoperative complications -- Neocortical resections -- Corpus callosum sectioning -- Subpial transections -- Hemidecortication and hemispherectomy -- Vagal stimulation -- Special diets -- REFERENCES -- 9 Evaluation of speech and language problems -- Awareness and screening -- Hearing evaluation -- Noise-background testing.

Auditory evoked potentials -- Cognitive evoked potentials -- Speech and language assessment -- Areas of testing -- Observations -- More intensive testing of language processing -- Neurodiagnostics -- Applying the test results -- REFERENCES -- 10 Management of speech and language problems in epilepsy -- The stress of speech therapy -- Special speech and language therapy approaches -- Help at home -- Classroom approaches to learning and language problems -- Attention -- Auditory comprehension -- Conceptualization deficits -- Organizational deficits -- Verbal expressive deficits -- General classroom management -- Classroom placement -- Look and listen -- Classroom seating -- Gain attention -- Check comprehension -- Rephrase and restate -- Use brief instructions -- Pre-tutor the child -- List key vocabulary -- Use visual aids -- Give individual help -- Create a quiet study area -- Involve resource personnel -- Write instructions -- Encourage participation -- Monitor efforts -- Inform parents -- Evaluate the progress -- The environment -- Other aspects -- REFERENCE -- 11 Behavior consequences -- The bridge between language, learning, and emotions -- Social development and social interactions -- Circumlocutions -- Domination -- Personality traits -- Anxiety -- Psychosis lateralization -- Presenting problems in children -- Behavior diagnosis -- Speech versus language impact -- Frustration of language that is lost or not developed -- Post-stroke acquired aphasia emotions -- The language problem: the emotional risks -- Receptive stresses -- Autistic -- Psychotic -- Inattentive and distractable -- Expressive frustrations -- Shy and retiring -- Acting out anger -- Overprotection -- Alternate communication -- Diagnosis and management -- Diagnosis -- Whole-child therapy -- Prognosis -- REFERENCES -- Part II Learning problems -- 12 Learning challenges.

International experience.