Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Figures -- Tables -- Preface -- Part I Reflections on input-output economics -- 1 A portrait of the master as a young man -- 1. The Harvard background -- 2. Early teaching -- 3. Afterthoughts on input-output -- references -- 2 Leontief's "magnificent machine" and other contributions to applied economics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Linking theory and applications -- 3. The input-output model - the "magnificent machine" -- 4. Automation -- 5. Defense conversion -- 6. Environment -- 7. Foreign and interregional trade -- 8. Spatial and world models -- 9. Conclusion -- acknowledgements -- references -- 3 Leontief and the future of the world economy -- 1. Historical background -- 2. The model and the data -- 3. Scenarios and results -- 4. Looking backwards from 2000 -- 5. A tentative research agenda -- acknowledgements -- references -- 4 International trade: evolution in the thought and analysis of Wassily Leontief -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The early work: Leontief as neoclassical theorist -- 3. The middle period: testing the dominant theory -- 3.1 Establishing the Leontief Paradox -- 3.2 Leamer's challenge -- 3.3 Recent analyses of factor contents -- 4. Later work: a new theoretical framework -- 4.1 Critiques of Minhas and Chipman -- 4.2 Theoretical status of bilateral trade -- 4.3 The "World Model" as the framework for a theory of trade -- 4.4 Models and theories -- 5. Looking to the future: the analysis of scenarios -- references -- 5 Leontief's input-output table and the French Development Plan -- 1. French problems at the end of World War II -- 2. Nationalizing meant modernizing -- 3. The spirit of the National Development and Equipment Plan -- 4. The third Plan (1958-1961) and the use of the input-output table -- 4.1 The National Accounting System and national planning.

4.2 The growth rates of GNP and final demand -- 4.3 The French input-output table -- 4.4 The two forecasts for 1961 -- 5. A few lessons from this experiment -- 5.1 Triangulation and the democratization of planning -- 5.2 The appearance of new techniques -- 5.3 Are technology coefficients really "technology"? -- 5.4 The role of semantics -- 6. New attempts to improve the efficiency of the input-output table -- 6.1 First experiences -- 6.2 A new approach to technological forecasting -- 7. Final remarks -- references -- 6 Leontief and dynamic regional models -- 1. Dynamics of the input-output system -- 2. Projecting technical and capital coefficients -- 2.1 The "best practice" approach -- 2.2 The RAS method -- 2.3 The ex ante method -- 3. The stability of dynamic systems -- 3.1 Capital coefficients -- 3.2 The taxonomy of dynamic models -- 4. Leontief and regional input-output analysis -- 4.1 Regional and interregional theory -- 5. A final word -- references -- 7 Experiences with input-output and isomorphic analytical tools in spatial economics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Extending spatial input-output analysis -- 2.1 Exploration, simulation, impact -- 2.2 Spatializing input-output-based models: economies of scale and scope -- externalities -- non-convexities -- and supply effects -- 2.3 Combining input-output analysis and spatial econometrics: five more spatial elements -- 2.4 General spatial economic equilibrium: introducing coordinates -- 3. Extensions of input-output analysis -- 3.1 Location elasticities -- 3.2 Multiregional dynamics and growth -- 4. Conclusion -- acknowledgements -- references -- 8 Leontief and Schumpeter: a joint heritage with surprises -- 1. Close but distant neighbors -- 2. Richard Goodwin: cycles without innovation -- 3. Eric Von Hippel: the sectoral locus of innovation -- 4. Intellectual specialization and loci of insight.

references -- 9 Some highlights in the life of Wassily Leontief - an interview with Estelle and Wassily Leontief -- 1. The context -- 2. The interview -- 3. Epilogue -- acknowledgements -- Part II Perspectives of input-output economics -- 10 A neoclassical analysis of total factor productivity using input-output prices -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Earlier work -- 3. Growth accounting -- 4. Equilibrium and efficiency -- 5. Efficiency and productivity -- 6. Total factor productivity -- 7. Input-output analysis of total factor productivity -- 8. Conclusion -- references -- 11 What has happened to the Leontief Paradox? -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Review of previous literature -- 3. Accounting framework and skill measures -- 4. Results -- 4.1 The changing make-up of US exports and imports -- 4.2 The factor content of US exports and imports -- 4.3 R&D intensity of exports and imports -- 4.4 Labor costs and labor productivity of exports and imports -- 5. Conclusion -- 6. Data appendix -- references -- 12 The decline in labor compensation's share of GDP: a structural decomposition analysis for the United States, 1982 to 1997 -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Potential causes of declining labor shares in income -- 3. Methodological aspects of structural decompositions -- 4. Decomposing labor compensation's share of value added -- 5. Description of the data used -- 6. Causes of labor's declining share of value added -- 6.1 Decomposition of the aggregate economy -- 6.2 Decomposition by major sector -- 7. Conclusion -- references -- 13 An oligopoly model in a Leontief framework -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The rivalrous consonance approach to oligopolistic decision-making -- 3. The rivalrous consonance model in the Leontief price dual context -- 4. The model -- 5. Some illustrative simulations -- 5.1 Sector profiles -- 5.2 Case solutions.

6. The ease of comparative statics calculations -- 7. Conclusion -- acknowledgements -- references -- 14 Economies of plant scale and structural change -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data -- 3. Measurement using a cross-section approach -- 3.1 Observations -- 3.2 Estimation -- 3.3 Capital-using sectors -- 3.4 Capital-saving sectors -- 3.5 Stability over time of the technology parameters -- 3.6 Technology embodied in plants -- 3.7 Unit cost minimization: the determination of optimum plant scale -- 4. Measurement using a time-series analysis -- 5. Enlargement of plant scale and structural change -- 6. Concluding remarks -- acknowledgements -- references -- 15 Technological change and accumulated capital: a dynamic decomposition of Japan's growth -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Static and dynamic unit structure -- 2.1 Static structure -- 2.2 Dynamic inverse and dynamic structure -- 3. TFP and produced inputs -- 3.1 Static unit TFP -- 3.2 Dynamic unit TFP -- 4. Measurement -- 4.1 Data -- 4.2 Capital coefficients -- 4.3 Dynamic unit structure -- 5. Decomposition of Japan's economic growth -- 5.1 Static decomposition -- 5.2 Dynamic decomposition -- 6. Conclusion -- acknowledgements -- references -- 16 Japan's economic growth and policy-making in the context of input-output models -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Japan's medium-term planning and Leontief models -- 3. Later developments of policy guidelines -- 4. Capacity output at macro- and sectoral levels -- 4.1 Purpose of the study and database -- 4.2 The model -- 4.3 The results -- 4.4 Capacity output and the rate of operation -- 5. Concluding remarks -- acknowledgements -- references -- 17 Contributions of input-output analysis to the understanding of technological change: the information sector in the United States -- 1. Methodological issues -- 2. Some properties of the US input-output accounts for 1972 to 1996.

3. KLEMI -- 4. Data -- 4.1 Gross output -- 4.2 Labor -- 4.3 Stock of capital -- 4.4 Stock of information technology capital -- 4.5 Information technology service B2B input -- 4.6 All intermediate B2B inputs, other than information technology service input -- 5. Estimation results -- 5.1 Automobiles and parts -- 5.2 Transportation equipment -- 6. Summary remarks -- references -- 18 How much can investment change trade patterns? An application of dynamic input-output models linked by international trade to an Italian policy question -- 1. The problem and our approach to it -- 2. The Italian model -- 2.1 The accounting structure and data -- 2.2 Equations from input-output identities -- 2.3 Behavioral equations -- 3. The bilateral trade model -- 4. The base and alternative scenarios -- 5. The effects of investment stimulus -- 6. Conclusion -- references -- 19 Social cost in the Leontief environmental model: rules and limits to policy -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Leontief environmental model -- 2.1 Methodology -- 2.2 A numerical example -- 3. Intermediate or primary inputs? -- 4. The role of Alpha -- 5. The scope for policy -- 6. Final remarks and conclusion -- references -- Subject index -- Author index.