COVER -- HALF-TITLE -- TITLE -- COPYRIGHT -- CONTENTS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- DEDICATION -- PREFACE -- A NOTE ON ABBREVIATIONS -- 1 ABOUT MEDICINE AND THE LAW -- LEGAL INTERVENTION IN MEDICINE -- Divisions of the legal system -- PROFESSIONAL DISCIPLINE -- The General Medical Council -- Controlling bodies for other healthcare professions -- The Council for the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals -- Statutory control of the healthcaring professions -- THE DOCTOR AND THE NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE -- THE LEGAL SYSTEM IN PRACTICE -- The courts in practice -- And who pays for it? -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 2 RESOURCES - WHO DECIDES? -- DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE -- Health Authorities and Health Boards -- OVERSEEING THE AUTHORITIES' DECISIONS -- An American experiment -- GOVERNANCE -- AT THE COAL-FACE: THE PATIENT AND THE DOCTOR -- CONCLUSION -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 3 THE CONFIDENTIAL RELATIONSHIP -- MEDICAL ETHICS -- CONFIDENTIALITY AND THE LAW -- CONFIDENTIALITY AND THE HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONS -- The patient consents -- Sharing information within the healthcare team -- Disclosure to insurance companies and employers -- Disclosure in the patient's best interests -- CONFIDENTIALITY AND THE CHILD -- CONFIDENTIALITY WITHIN THE FAMILY -- THE PATIENT IN DANGER -- DISCLOSURE BEYOND THE HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT -- Disclosure to the police -- MEDICAL CONFIDENTIALITY AND THE LEGAL PROCESS -- The public interest -- THE PATIENT'S RIGHTS -- CONCLUSION -- CASES MENTIONED IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 4 THE THERAPEUTIC PARTNERSHIP -- THE COMPETENT ADULT PATIENT -- Arguments against full disclosure -- Arguments in favour of disclosure -- PATIENT AUTONOMY, ETHICS AND THE LAW -- How much information should have been disclosed? -- What test is to be applied? -- Proving harm -- CHILDREN AND YOUNG PERSONS.

The mature minor -- England and Wales -- Scotland -- THE INCOMPETENT ADULT -- CONCLUSION -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 5 REFUSAL OF CONSENT -- REFUSAL BASED ON PRINCIPLE -- REFUSAL ON PERSONAL GROUNDS -- REFUSAL IN THE COURSE OF PREGNANCY -- REFUSAL OF FOOD -- Hunger strikes -- Anorexia nervosa -- CHILDREN AND REFUSAL OF TREATMENT -- England and Wales -- Scotland -- MENTAL DISABILITY AND REFUSAL OF TREATMENT -- ADVANCE DIRECTIVES -- CONCLUSION -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 6 MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE -- THE COMPLAINTS PROCEDURE -- LITIGATION -- Duty of care -- Breach of duty -- Causation -- POLICY CONSIDERATIONS -- WHO WILL BE SUED? -- CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE -- ALTERNATIVE SYSTEMS OF LIABILITY -- Vaccine damage -- Liability for defective products -- CONCLUSIONS -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 7 USING PEOPLE FOR RESEARCH -- THE DECLARATION OF HELSINKI -- Consent -- Research and the legally incompetent -- THE NATURE OF RESEARCH -- Non-therapeutic research -- Therapeutic research -- THE DESIGN OF RESEARCH -- WHO CONTROLS RESEARCH? -- WHAT HAPPENS IF HARM RESULTS FROM RESEARCH? -- MEDICAL EXPERIMENTATION -- THE FUTURE -- GENETIC SCREENING AND TESTING -- GENE THERAPY -- CONCLUSIONS -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 8 ASSISTED REPRODUCTION -- CAUSES OF CHILDLESSNESS -- Causes in the man -- Causes of infertility in the woman -- TREATMENTS FOR CHILDLESSNESS -- Treatments for abnormalities in the male -- Treatments for abnormalities in the female -- THE HUMAN FERTILISATION AND EMBRYOLOGY ACT 1990 -- SOME SPECIFIC MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECTS OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION -- Artificial insemination by husband or partner -- Insemination by donor -- The donor -- The clinic -- The would-be parents -- The resultant child -- Ovum donation -- The donor -- The recipient -- The technique.

Embryo donation -- IN VITRO FERTILISATION -- The Code of Practice -- The status of the embryo -- SURROGATE MOTHERHOOD -- CONCLUSION -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 9 GENETICS AND PREGNANCY -- GENETICS AND REPRODUCTIVE CHOICES -- DESIGNER BABIES? -- INTERGENERATIONAL JUSTICE -- GENETICS, PREGNANCY AND THE LAW -- Wrongful birth and wrongful life -- The child -- The parents -- INTERVENTIONS BEFORE BIRTH -- England and Wales -- Scotland -- CONCLUSION -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 10 TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY -- FOETAL INTERESTS -- WOMEN'S RIGHTS -- THE LAW ON ABORTION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM -- England and Wales -- Scotland -- Northern Ireland -- THE ABORTION ACT 1967 -- A legal duty to terminate pregnancy? -- Reduction of multiple pregnancy -- OTHER PEOPLE'S INTERESTS -- The conscientiously objecting professional -- The father -- PREGNANCY IN CHILDREN AND THOSE WHO ARE INCOMPETENT -- THE FUTURE -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 11 GENETICS, INSURANCE AND EMPLOYMENT -- GENETICS AND INSURANCE -- How relevant is health-related information? -- Predictive and actuarial value of genetic information -- GENETICS AND EMPLOYMENT -- The current position -- Pre-employment genetic screening -- Discrimination -- A right not to know? -- Testing/screening in employment -- Health, safety and employment -- CONCLUSION -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 12 IS LIFE WORTH LIVING? -- SELF-KILLING OR SUICIDE -- DEATH IN THE MEDICAL CONTEXT -- The persistent (or permanent) vegetative state (PVS) -- EASING THE PASSING -- WITHHOLDING AND WITHDRAWING TREATMENT -- The concept of futility -- Do not resuscitate orders (DNRs) -- Withholding treatment and age -- The elderly -- The severely ill neonate -- Withdrawal of ventilator support -- PATIENTS' RIGHTS -- Assisting someone to die.

ACTIVE EUTHANASIA -- The Netherlands -- CONCLUSION -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 13 DISPOSAL OF THE BODY AND BODY PARTS -- LEGAL CONTROL OF THE BODY -- DISPOSAL OF ORGANS AND TISSUES FROM THE BODIES OF THE DEAD -- DISPOSAL OF PARTS OF THE LIVING BODY -- Moore v Regents of the University of California (1990) -- ORGAN REPLACEMENT THERAPY -- LIVING DONATION OF ORGANS -- The legal constraints -- Ethical aspects -- CADAVERIC DONATION -- The rationale of brain-stem death -- Cadaveric donation and the law -- THE SHORTAGE OF ORGANS -- THE USE OF ANIMAL ORGANS -- CONCLUSION -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 14 SEX, GENDER AND THE LAW -- THE DIAGNOSIS OF SEX -- TRANSSEXUALISM -- Transsexual marriage -- Transsexualism and Europe -- Transsexualism and the family -- Transsexualism and employment -- CONCLUSION -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 15 MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL CAPACITY -- Definition of mental disorder -- The problem of the psychopath -- Premature release into the community -- Changes for the future -- TREATMENT OF THE MENTALLY DISORDERED -- CAPACITY -- Capacity in the adult -- STERILISATION OF THE INCAPACITATED -- CONCLUSION -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- 16 THE LAW AND THE ELDERLY -- ARRANGEMENTS FOR LIVING -- Money, money, money! -- LIVING WITH THE FAMILY -- 'I WANT TO BE ALONE' -- MEDICAL TREATMENT AND THE ELDERLY -- DISPOSAL OF THE DEAD -- Death certification -- Burial -- Cremation -- CASES REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT -- FURTHER READING -- INDEX.