Cover -- Digital Power Electronics and Applications -- Contents -- Preface -- Autobiography -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Historical review -- 1.1.1 WORK, ENERGY AND HEAT -- 1.1.2 DC AND AC EQUIPMENT -- DC Power Supply -- AC Power Supply -- 1.1.3 LOADS -- Linear Passive Loads -- Linear Dynamic Loads -- 1.1.4 IMPEDANCE -- 1.1.5 POWERS -- Apparent Power S -- Power P -- Reactive Power Q -- 1.2 Traditional parameters -- 1.2.1 POWER FACTOR (PF) -- 1.2.2 POWER-TRANSFER EFFICIENCY (η) -- 1.2.3 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (THD) -- 1.2.4 RIPPLE FACTOR (RF) -- 1.2.5 APPLICATION EXAMPLES -- Power and Efficiency (η) -- An R-L Circuit Calculation -- A Three-Phase Circuit Calculation -- 1.3 Multiple-quadrant operations and choppers -- 1.3.1 THE FIRST-QUADRANT CHOPPER -- 1.3.2 THE SECOND-QUADRANT CHOPPER -- 1.3.3 THE THIRD-QUADRANT CHOPPER -- 1.3.4 THE FOURTH-QUADRANT CHOPPER -- 1.3.5 THE FIRST-SECOND-QUADRANT CHOPPER -- 1.3.6 THE THIRD-FOURTH-QUADRANT CHOPPER -- 1.3.7 THE FOUR-QUADRANT CHOPPER -- 1.4 Digital power electronics: pump circuits and conversion technology -- 1.4.1 FUNDAMENTAL PUMP CIRCUITS -- 1.4.2 AC/DC RECTIFIERS -- 1.4.3 DC/AC PWM INVERTERS -- 1.4.4 DC/DC CONVERTERS -- 1.4.5 AC/AC CONVERTERS -- 1.5 Shortage of analog power electronics and conversion technology -- 1.6 Power semiconductor devices applied in digital power electronics -- FURTHER READING -- 2. Energy Factor (EF) and Sub-sequential Parameters -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Pumping energy (PE) -- 2.2.1 ENERGY QUANTIZATION -- 2.2.2 ENERGY QUANTIZATION FUNCTION -- 2.3 Stored energy (SE) -- 2.3.1 STORED ENERGY IN CONTINUOUS CONDUCTION MODE -- Stored Energy (SE) -- Capacitor-Inductor Stored Energy Ratio (CIR) -- Energy Losses (EL) -- Stored Energy Variation on Inductors and Capacitors (VE) -- 2.3.2 STORED ENERGY IN DISCONTINUOUS CONDUCTION MODE (DCM) -- 2.4 Energy factor (EF).

2.5 Variation energy factor (EF[sub(V)]) -- 2.6 Time constant, τ, and damping time constant, τ[sub(d)] -- 2.6.1 TIME CONSTANT, τ -- 2.6.2 DAMPING TIME CONSTANT, τ[sub(d)] -- 2.6.3 TIME CONSTANT RATIO, ξ -- 2.6.4 MATHEMATICAL MODELING FOR POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS -- 2.7 Examples of applications -- 2.7.1 A BUCK CONVERTER IN CCM -- Buck Converter without Energy Losses (r[sub(L)] = 0Ω) -- Buck Converter with Small Energy Losses (r[sub(L)] = 1.5Ω) -- Buck Converter with Energy Losses (r[sub(L)] = 4.5Ω) -- Buck Converter with Large Energy Losses (r[sub(L)] = 6Ω) -- 2.7.2 A SUPER-LIFT LUO-CONVERTER IN CCM -- 2.7.3 A BOOST CONVERTER IN CCM (NO POWER LOSSES) -- 2.7.4 A BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER IN CCM (NO POWER LOSSES) -- 2.7.5 POSITIVE-OUTPUT LUO-CONVERTER IN CCM (NO POWER LOSSES) -- 2.8 Small signal analysis -- 2.8.1 A BUCK CONVERTER IN CCM WITHOUT ENERGY LOSSES (r[sub(L)] = 0) -- 2.8.2 BUCK-CONVERTER WITH SMALL ENERGY LOSSES (r[sub(L)] = 1.5Ω) -- 2.8.3 SUPER-LIFT LUO-CONVERTER WITH ENERGY LOSSES (r[sub(L)] = 0.12Ω) -- FURTHER READING -- APPENDIX A - A SECOND-ORDER TRANSFER FUNCTION -- A.1 Very Small Damping Time Constant -- A.2 Small Damping Time Constant -- A.3 Critical Damping Time Constant -- A.4 Large Damping Time Constant -- APPENDIX B - SOME CALCULATION FORMULAE DERIVATIONS -- B.1 Transfer Function of Buck Converter -- B.2 Transfer Function of Super-Lift Luo-converter -- B.3 Simplified Transfer function of Super-Lift Luo-converter -- B.4 Time Constants τ and τ[sub(d), and Ratio ξ -- 3. Basic Mathematics of Digital Control Systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Digital Signals and Coding -- 3.3 Shannon's sampling theorem -- 3.3.1 BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO NYQUIST SAMPLING THEORY -- 3.3.2 SHANNON SAMPLING THEOREM -- 3.4 Sample-and-hold devices -- 3.4.1 DIGITAL WORDS AND CODES -- 3.4.2 SAMPLING PROCESS -- 3.5 Analog-to-digital conversion.

3.5.1 A/D CONVERSION PROCESS -- 3.5.2 A/D CONVERTERS -- 3.6 Digital-to-analog conversion -- 3.6.1 D/A CONVERSION PROCESS -- 3.6.2 D/A CONVERTERS -- 3.6.3 A/D AND D/A CONVERSION ERRORS -- 3.7 Energy quantization -- 3.8 Introduction to reconstruction of sampled signals -- 3.9 Data conversion: the zero-order hold -- 3.10 The first-order hold -- 3.11 The second-order hold -- 3.11.1 VERY SMALL DAMPING TIME CONSTANT τ[sub(d)] -- 3.11.2 SMALL DAMPING TIME CONSTANT τ[sub(d)] τ/4 -- 3.12 The Laplace transform (the s-domain) -- 3.13 The z-transform (the z-domain) -- FURTHER READING -- 4. Mathematical Modeling of Digital Power Electronics -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 A zero-order hold (ZOH) for AC/DC controlled rectifiers -- 4.2.1 TRADITIONAL MODELING FOR AC/DC CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS -- 4.2.2 A ZERO-ORDER HOLD FOR AC/DC CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS IN DIGITAL CONTROL -- 4.3 A first-order transfer function for DC/AC pulse-width-modulation inverters -- 4.3.1 TRADITIONAL MODELING FOR DC/AC PWM INVERTERS -- 4.3.2 A FIRST-ORDER HOLD FOR DC/AC PWM INVERTERS IN DIGITAL CONTROL -- 4.4 A second-order transfer function for DC/DC converters -- 4.4.1 TRADITIONAL MODELING FOR DC/DC CONVERTERS -- 4.4.2 A SECOND-ORDER HOLD FOR DC/DC CONVERTERS IN DIGITAL CONTROL -- 4.5 A first-order transfer function for AC/AC (AC/DC/AC) converters -- 4.5.1 TRADITIONAL MODELING FOR AC/DC CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS -- 4.5.2 A FOH FOR AC/AC CONVERTERS IN DIGITAL CONTROL -- FURTHER READING -- 5. Digitally Controlled AC/DC Rectifiers -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 SINGLE-PHASE HALF-WAVE DIODE RECTIFIER -- 5.1.2 SINGLE-PHASE FULL-WAVE DIODE RECTIFIER -- Parameters -- Power Factor -- 5.1.3 THREE-PHASE HALF-WAVE DIODE RECTIFIER -- 5.1.4 THREE-PHASE FULL-WAVE DIODE RECTIFIER.

5.1.5 THREE-PHASE DOUBLE-ANTI-STAR WITH INTERPHASE-TRANSFORMER RECTIFIER -- 5.1.6 SIX-PHASE HALF-WAVE DIODE RECTIFIER -- 5.1.7 SIX-PHASE FULL-WAVE DIODE RECTIFIER -- 5.2 Mathematical modeling for AC/DC rectifiers -- 5.3 Single-phase half-wave controlled AC/DC rectifier -- 5.4 Single-phase full-wave AC/DC rectifier -- 5.5 Three-phase half-wave controlled AC/DC rectifier -- 5.6 Three-phase full-wave controlled AC/DC rectifier -- 5.7 Three-phase double-anti-star with interphase-transformer controlled AC/DC rectifier -- 5.8 Six-phase half-wave controlled AC/DC rectifier -- 5.9 Six-phase full-wave controlled AC/DC rectifier -- FURTHER READING -- 6. Digitally Controlled DC/AC Inverters -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.1.1 SINGLE-PHASE HALF-BRIDGE VSI -- 6.1.2 SINGLE-PHASE FULL-BRIDGE VSI -- 6.1.3 THREE-PHASE FULL-BRIDGE VSI -- 6.1.4 THREE-PHASE FULL-BRIDGE CSI -- 6.1.5 MULTISTAGE PWM INVERTER -- 6.1.6 MULTILEVEL PWM INVERTER -- 6.2 Mathematical modeling for DC/AC PWM inverters -- 6.3 Single-phase half-wave VSI -- 6.4 Single-phase full-bridge PWM VSI -- 6.5 Three-phase full-bridge PWM VSI -- 6.6 Three-phase full-bridge PWM CSI -- 6.7 Multistage PWM inverter -- 6.8 Multilevel PWM inverter -- FURTHER READING -- 7. Digitally Controlled DC/DC Converters -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 THE FIRST-GENERATION CONVERTERS -- Fundamental converters -- Buck converter -- Boost converter -- Buck-Boost converter -- Transformer-Type Converters -- Forward converter -- Push-Pull Converter -- Fly-back Converter -- Half-bridge converter -- Bridge Converter -- Zeta Converter -- Forward Converter with Tertiary Winding and Multiple Outputs -- Developed Converters -- P/O Luo-Converter -- N/O Luo-Converter -- D/O Luo-Converter -- Cúk-Converter -- SEPIC -- Voltage-Lift Converters -- Super-Lift Converters -- 7.1.2 THE SECOND-GENERATION CONVERTERS -- 7.1.3 THE THIRD-GENERATION CONVERTERS.

Switched-Capacitor Converters -- Switched-Inductor Converters -- 7.1.4 THE FOURTH-GENERATION CONVERTERS -- Zero-Current-Switching Quasi-Resonant Converters -- Zero-Voltage-Switching Quasi-Resonant Converters -- Zero-Transition Converters -- 7.1.5 THE FIFTH-GENERATION CONVERTERS -- 7.1.6 THE SIXTH-GENERATION CONVERTERS -- 7.1.7 ALL PROTOTYPES AND DC/DC CONVERTER FAMILY TREE -- 7.2 Mathematical Modeling for power DC/DC converters -- 7.3 Fundamental DC/DC converter -- 7.4 Developed DC/DC converters -- 7.5 Soft-switching converters -- 7.6 Multi-element resonant power converters -- FURTHER READING -- 8. Digitally Controlled AC/AC Converters -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.1.1 SINGLE-PHASE AC/AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLER -- Phase Angle Control -- On/Off Control -- PWMAC Chopper Control -- 8.1.2 THREE-PHASE AC/AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLER -- Phase Angle Control -- On/Off Control -- PWMAC/AC Control -- 8.1.3 SISO CYCLOCONVERTERS -- 8.1.4 TISO CYCLOCONVERTERS -- 8.1.5 TITO CYCLOCONVERTERS -- 8.1.6 AC/DC/AC CONVERTERS -- 8.1.7 MATRIX CONVERTERS -- Venturini Method -- SVM Method -- Control Implementation and Comparison of the Two Methods -- 8.2 Traditional modeling for AC/AC (AC/DC/AC) converters -- 8.3 Single-phase AC/AC converter -- 8.4 Three-phase AC/AC voltage controllers -- 8.5 SISO cycloconverters -- 8.6 TISO cycloconverters -- 8.7 TITO cycloconverters -- 8.8 AC/DC/AC PWM converters -- 8.9 Matrix converters -- FURTHER READING -- 9. Open-loop Control for Digital Power Electronics -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 STABILITY ANALYSIS -- Converters Open-Loop Analysis -- Analysis of Converters with a First-Order Load -- Analysis of Converters with a First-Order Load Plus an Integral Element -- 9.1.2 UNIT-STEP RESPONSES -- Analysis of Converters with a First-Order Load -- Analysis of Converters with a First-Order Load Plus an Integral Element -- 9.1.3 IMPULSE RESPONSES.

Analysis of Converters with a First-Order Load.