Middle Ear Surgery -- Half Title -- Full Title -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contributors -- Contents -- Morphology, Function, and Clinical Aspects of the Eustachian Tube -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Spatial Orientation and Lengthof the Eustachian Tube -- Components of the Eustachian Tube -- Lumen -- Tubal Cartilage -- Suspensory Fibers -- Membranous Part and Fatty Tissue of the Tube -- Pharyngeal Recess -- Isthmus -- Bony Part of the Eustachian Tube -- Levator Veli Palatini -- Tensor Veli Palatini -- Topographic Anatomy -- Internal Carotid Artery -- Middle Meningeal Artery -- Maxillary Artery -- Mandibular Nerve -- Medial Pterygoid Muscle -- Lateral Pterygoid Muscle -- Temporomandibular Joint -- Constrictor Pharyngis Muscle -- Middle Cranial Fossa -- Parotid Gland -- Imaging Studies -- Normal Tubal Function -- Tubal Dysfunction -- Adenoids and Tubal Function -- Patulous Tube Syndrome -- Endoscopy of the Eustachian Tube -- References -- Biomechanical Aspects of Middle Ear Reconstruction -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Sound Conduction through theReconstructed External Ear -- Biomechanics of the Reconstructed Tympanic Membrane -- Basic Considerations -- Acoustic Mechanical Properties of the Normal Tympanic Membrane -- Acoustic Mechanical Properties of the Reconstructed Tympanic Membrane -- Biomechanics of the ReconstructedOssicular Chain -- Basic Considerations -- Clinical-Biological Parametersof Ossicular Chain Reconstruction -- Mechanical Parametersof Ossicular Chain Reconstruction -- Stapesplasty -- Fitness for Diving and Flying Sportsafter Ear Surgery: Biomechanical Issues -- Models for Simulating the Middle Ear -- Groups of Models -- Creating Finite Element Models (FEMs)for the Middle Ear -- Application of Finite Element Models -- References -- Biomaterials in Reconstructive Middle Ear Surgery -- Abstract -- Introduction.

Requirements of Biomaterialsfor the Middle Ear -- Metals -- Steel -- Tantalum -- Gold -- Platinum -- Titanium -- Plastics -- Vinyl Acrylate -- Silicone -- Polyethylene -- Teflon (Polytetrafluoroethylene) -- Ceramics -- Aluminum Oxide Ceramic -- Glass Ceramics -- Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP) Ceramic -- Hydroxyapatite Ceramic -- Glass Ionomer Cement -- Carbons -- Adhesives -- Histoacrylate -- Fibrin Glue -- Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- Principles of an Individualized Approach to Cholesteatoma Surgery -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Definition -- Classification -- Congenital Cholesteatomas -- Acquired Cholesteatomas -- Surgical Classification -- Plaquelike Cholesteatoma -- Posttraumatic Cholesteatoma -- Postoperative Cholesteatoma -- Ear Canal Cholesteatomas and AsepticBone Necrosis -- Histologic Features and SurgicalImplications -- Tissue Interactions -- Invasive Cholesteatoma -- Clinical Conclusio -- Epidemiology -- Diagnosis -- History -- Otoscopy -- Endoscopy -- Microbiology -- Fistula Sign -- Audiometry -- Evaluation of Eustachian Tube Function -- Nasal Surgery Preceding CholesteatomaSurgery -- Imaging Procedures -- Surgical Techniques -- Anesthesia -- General Surgical Techniques -- Approaches -- Open and Closed Operative Techniques -- Ossicular Chain Reconstruction -- Closure of the Tympanic Membrane -- Reoperations -- Residual Cholesteatoma -- Recurrent Cholesteatoma -- Draining Mastoid Cavity -- Common Errors and Complications -- Exposed Dura and Prolapsed Brain -- Labyrinthine Fistula -- Exposed Facial Nerve -- Sinus Thrombosis and Otogenic Sepsis -- Meningitis and Brain Abscess -- Epidural Abscess -- Last-Hearing Ear -- Cholesteatoma Surgery in the Elderly -- Cholesteatoma Surgery in Children -- References -- Advances in Stapes Surgery -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Historical Developmentof Stapedectomy.

Early Attempts at the Surgical Treatmentof Stapes Ankylosis -- The Era of Fenestration Operations -- Start of the Era of Modern Stapedectomy -- Pathogenesis of Stapes Ankylosis -- Histology and Pathogenesis of Otosclerosis -- Stapes Ankylosis in Malformations of theMiddle Ear and Malformation Syndromes -- Post-traumatic and Inflammatory StapesFixations -- Diagnosis and Clinical Features of Otosclerosis -- Clinical Diagnosis -- Audiological Investigations -- Imaging Procedures -- Patient Counselling before Stapedectomy -- New technical developments in stapes surgery -- Technical Tools -- Surgical Technique of Stapedectomy -- Results after Primary Stapedectomy -- Stapes Revision Surgery -- Analysis of Causes -- Personal Stapes Revision Series -- Surgical Technique in Revision Operations -- Results after Revision Operations -- Malleus Handle (Malleus Grip) Stapedectomy -- Personal Malleus Handle (Malleus Grip)Stapedectomy Series and Surgical Technique -- Results -- Stapedectomy Technique in Middle Ear Malformations -- Stapedectomy in Cases with Abnormal Course of the Facial Nerve -- Stapedectomy in Cases of "Gusher Ear" -- Stapedectomy in Cases of PersistentStapedial Artery -- Thoughts on the Validity of theEvaluation Methods in Stapes Surgery -- Limits of Audiometry -- Conceptual Difficulties in the Calculation ofSuccess: The So-Called Paradox of the HighSurgical Success Rate -- Evaluation Proposals -- Conclusions and Outlook -- References -- Implantable Hearing Devices: an Introduction -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Auditory Physiology -- Pathophysiologic Aspects of ImplantableHearing Devices -- Similarities between Implantableand Conventional Hearing Aids -- Differences between Conventionaland Implantable Hearing Devices -- Conventional Hearing Aids -- Implantable Hearing Devices -- Definition of Terms -- Active Implants -- Nonacoustic Transducers.

Electromagnetic Transducers -- Piezoelectric Transducers -- Components of Implantable Hearing Devices -- Fully Implantable Devices -- Partially Implantable Devices -- Suggested Nomenclature for Active HearingImplants -- Aspects of Surgical Anatomy -- Transducer -- Sensor -- Preserve or Interrupt the Ossicular Chain? -- Acoustic Aspects -- Acoustic Bandwidth -- Deflection, Sound Pressure Level -- Dynamic Response -- Distortion -- Impedance -- Technological Aspects -- Transducer Principles -- Energy Aspects -- Full Implantability -- Implantable Sensor -- Longevity -- Biocompatibility -- Biostability -- Environmental Influences -- Conductive Hearing Loss -- Clinically Approved, Active Hearing Implantsfor Inoperable Conductive Hearing Loss(IT Implants) -- Further Developments -- Sensorineural Hearing Loss -- History of Amplifier Implants (AIs)for Sensorineural Hearing Loss -- Clinically Approved Amplifier Implants (AIs) for SensorineuralHearing Loss -- Residual Hearing -- Cochlear Implants in Patients with ResidualHearing -- Future Outlook -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Index.