Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- List of acronyms and abbreviations -- Part I Engineering issues specific to entry probes, landers or penetrators -- 1 Mission goals and system engineering -- 1.1 Systems engineering -- 1.1.1 The project team -- 1.2 Choice of landing site -- 2 Accommodation, launch, cruise and arrival from orbit or interplanetary trajectory -- 2.1 The launch environment -- 2.2 Transfer-trajectory choice -- 2.2.1 Transfer trajectories: impulsive -- 2.2.2 Transfer orbits: gravity assists -- 2.2.3 Transfer orbits: continuous thrust -- 2.2.4 Transfer orbits: chaotic transfers -- 2.3 Arrival strategies -- 2.3.1 Aerocapture and aerobraking -- 3 Entering atmospheres -- 3.1 Entry dynamics -- 3.2 Thermodynamics of entry -- 3.2.1 Flow chemistry -- 3.3 TPS technologies -- 3.4 Practicalities -- 4 Descent through an atmosphere -- 4.1 Overview and fundamentals -- 4.2 Extreme ballistic coefficients -- 4.3 Drag enhancement devices -- 4.4 Parachute types -- 4.4.1 Parachute components and manufacture -- 4.5 Testing -- 4.6 Additional components of a descent control system -- 4.7 Mars - retro-rockets in atmosphere -- 5 Descent to an airless body -- 5.1 The gravity turn -- 5.2 Efficient descent -- 5.3 Realistic trajectories -- 5.4 Example - direct descent - Surveyor -- 5.5 Examples: Luna 16 and Apollo -- 5.6 Small bodies -- 5.7 Instrumentation -- 5.8 Powered re-ascent -- 5.9 Hover -- 5.10 Combined techniques - system engineering -- 6 Planetary balloons, aircraft, submarines and cryobots -- 6.1 Balloons -- 6.1.1 Balloon basics and planetary environments -- 6.1.2 Planetary environments -- 6.1.3 Deployment and inflation of planetary aerobots -- 6.2 Powered aerobots (airships) -- 6.3 Aeroplanes and gliders -- 6.4 Other heavier-than-air concepts for aerial mobility.

6.5 Submarines, hydrobots and cryobots -- 7 Arrival at a surface -- 7.1 Targeting and hazard avoidance -- 7.2 Landing gear -- 7.3 Penetration dynamics -- 7.4 Splashdown dynamics: Titan landers, Earth-return capsules -- 8 Thermal control of landers and entry probes -- 8.1 Surface coatings and radiation balance -- 8.2 Internal heat transfer -- 8.3 Thermal environment during descent -- 8.4 Thermal testing -- 8.5 Thermal modelling -- 9 Power systems -- 9.1 System requirements -- 9.2 Power and energy budgets -- 9.3 Radioisotope sources -- 9.4 Solar power -- 9.5 Battery technology -- 9.5.1 Primary batteries -- 9.5.2 Secondary batteries -- 9.5.3 Fuel cells -- 9.6 Other power sources -- 9.7 Power and thermal control -- 9.8 Nuts and bolts -- 10 Communication and tracking of entry probes -- 10.1 Entry probes: communication basics -- 10.2 Main telecom equation -- 10.3 Frequency measurements -- 10.4 Data transmission -- 10.5 Link budget -- 10.6 Tracking -- 11 Radiation environment -- 12 Surface activities: arms, drills, moles and mobility -- 13 Structures -- 14 Contamination of spacecraft and planets -- 14.1 Sources of contamination -- 14.2 Current regulations for spacecraft-borne bioload -- 14.3 Techniques for cleaning and sterilizing -- 14.3.1 Filtration and intrinsically clean assembly -- 14.3.2 Thermal stress -- 14.3.3 Radiation exposure -- 14.3.4 Sterilizing chemicals -- 14.3.5 Other gaseous sterilizing methods -- 14.4 Problems specific to spacecraft -- 14.4.1 The space environment - vacuum exposure -- 14.4.2 The space environment - ultra-violet radiation -- 14.4.3 The space environment - penetrating radiation -- 14.5 Cleanliness as a separate goal -- 14.6 Sample return -- Part II Previous atmosphere/surface vehicles and their payloads -- 15 Destructive impact probes -- 16 Atmospheric entry probes -- 16.1 First Soviet Venera and Mars entry probes.

16.1.1 1VA entry probes -- 16.1.2 2MV and 3MV entry probes -- 16.2 Venera 4-8 (V-67, V-69, V-70 and V-72) entry probes -- 16.3 Pioneer Venus probes -- 16.4 VeGa AZ balloons -- 16.5 Galileo Probe -- 16.6 Huygens -- 17 Pod landers -- 17.1 Ranger Block 2 Seismo capsules -- 17.2 Luna 4-9, 13 (Ye-6 and Ye-6M) landers -- 17.3 Mars 2, 3, 6, 7 (M-71 and M-73) landers -- 17.4 Mars 96 Small Stations -- 17.5 Mars Pathfinder -- 17.6 Beagle 2 -- 17.7 Mars Exploration Rovers -- 18 Legged landers -- 18.1 Surveyor landers -- 18.2 Apollo lunar modules -- 18.3 Luna 17, 21 (Ye-8) landers and the Lunokhods -- 18.4 Luna 15, 16, 18, 20 (Ye-8-5) landers -- 18.5 Luna 23, 24 (Ye-8-5M) landers -- 18.6 Soviet LK lunar lander -- 18.7 Venera 9-14 (4V-1) and VeGa (5VK) landers -- 18.8 Viking landers -- 18.9 Mars Surveyor landers -- 18.9.1 Mars Polar Lander (MPL) -- 18.9.2 Phoenix -- 18.10 Mars Science Laboratory -- 19 Payload delivery penetrators -- 19.1 Mars 96 penetrators -- 19.2 Deep Space 2 Mars Microprobes -- 19.3 Lunar-A penetrators -- 20 Small body surface missions -- 20.1 Phobos 1F -- 20.1.1 Phobos 1, 2 DAS -- 20.1.2 Phobos 2 PROP-F -- 20.2 NEAR Shoemaker -- 20.3 Rosetta Lander Philae -- 20.4 Hayabusa (MUSES-C) and MINERVA -- Part III Case studies -- 21 Surveyor landers -- 21.1 Design -- 21.2 Flight performance -- 22 Galileo probe -- 22.1 Equipment -- 22.2 Flight performance -- 23 Huygens -- 24 Mars Pathfinder and Sojourner -- 25 Deep Space 2 Mars Microprobes -- 26 Rosetta Lander Philae -- 27 Mars Exploration Rovers: Spirit and Opportunity -- 27.1 The spacecraft -- 27.2 The rovers -- 27.2.1 Panoramic camera (Pancam) -- 27.2.2 Mini-TES -- 27.2.3 Magnet array -- 27.2.4 Mossbauer spectrometer (MB) -- 27.2.5 Alpha-particle X-ray spectrometer (APXS) -- 27.2.6 Microscopic imager (MI) -- 27.2.7 Rock abrasion tool (RAT) -- 27.3 Problems encountered.

Appendix Some key parameters for bodies in the Solar System -- Atmosphere models -- Bibliography -- Engineering -- Reference -- Planetary sciences -- Historical -- Some useful web sites -- References -- Index.