Front Cover -- NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY -- Copyright Page -- CONTENTS -- Preface -- Acknowledgments - First Edition -- Acknowledgments - Second Edition -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1. CLASSIFICATION OF BIOLOGICAL STRUCTURES -- Overview -- Basic Chemistry -- Macromolecules -- Solubility -- Cell Structure -- Genetic Material -- Summary -- References -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2. DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION -- Overview -- Digestive Tract -- Secretion of Digestive Materials -- Stimulation of the Digestive System -- Molecules Important to Digestion and Absorption -- Digestion and Absorption of Proteins -- Digestion and Absorption of Lipids -- Digestion and Absorption of Carbohydrates -- Absorption Physiology -- Biochemical Mechanisms -- Summary -- References -- Bibliography -- Chapter 3. NUTRIENTS THAT RESIST OR ESCAPE DIGESTION -- Overview -- Resistance of Proteins to Digestion -- Carbohydrates that Escape Digestion -- Dietary Fibers -- Microorganisms and Digestion -- Malabsorption Syndromes -- Summary -- References -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4. REGULATION OF ENERGY METABOLISM -- Overview -- The Brain and Energy Metabolism -- Glucagon and Insulin -- Different Types of Energy Metabolism -- Exercise Nutrition -- Creatine Phosphate -- Creatinine -- Glycogen -- Gluconeogenesis -- Fructose -- Fatty Acids -- The Krebs Cycle -- Fermentative and Aerobic Energy Metabolism -- Starvation -- Alcohol -- Metabolic Zoning in the Liver -- Thiol Esters -- Summary -- References -- Bibliography -- Chapter 5. ENERGY REQUIREMENT -- Overview -- Units of Energy -- Calculating the Respiratory Quotient from Chemistry -- Electron Transport and ATP Production -- Tally of the ATPs Produced -- The Respiratory Quotient during Rest and Exercise -- Fatty Acid Biosynthesis -- Respiratory Quotient Data from Human Studies -- Protein Oxidation and the Respiratory Quotient.

Calculating Energy Expenditures -- Direct Calorimetry -- Metabolic Rate -- Doubly Labeled Water Technique for Determining Energy Expenditure -- Issues in Energy Nutrition -- References -- Bibliography -- Chapter 6. LIPIDS -- Overview -- Phospholipids -- Choline and Ethanolamine -- Influence of Dietary Fats on Phospholipids in the Body -- Sphingosine-Based Lipids -- Covalent Binding of Lipids to Proteins -- Cholesterol -- Lipoproteins -- Studies on the Behavior of Lipoproteins -- Cardiovascular Disease -- Effects of Diet and Drugs on Atherosclerosis -- References -- Bibliography -- Chapter 7. OBESITY -- Overview -- Types of Fat -- Techniques for Measuring Fat -- Signaling Pathways for Regulating Adipocyte Formation -- Genetic Factors in Obesity -- Summary -- References -- Bibliography -- Chapter 8. PROTEIN -- Overview -- Milk Protein -- Amino Acid Catabolism and Aminotransferases -- Biosynthesis of Dispensable Amino Acids -- Waste Nitrogen -- Regulation of Protein Catabolism -- Nutritional Aspects of Protein Catabolism -- Protein Quality -- Clinical Issues in Protein Nutrition -- References -- Bibliography -- Chapter 9. VITAMINS -- Overview -- Folate -- Vitamin B12 -- Vitamin K -- Biotin -- Vitamin B6 -- Vitamin A -- Vitamin D -- Vitamin A, Vitamin D, and Thyroid Hormone at the Genome -- Niacin -- Thiamin -- Riboflavin -- Pantothenic Acid -- Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) -- Vitamin E -- Essential Fatty Acids -- References -- Bibliography -- Chapter 10. INORGANIC NUTRIENTS -- Overview -- Tables of Inorganic Nutrients -- Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, and Water -- Iodine -- Iron -- Calcium and Phosphate -- Magnesium -- Manganese -- Zinc and Copper -- Molybdenum, Sulfite, and Sulfate -- Selenium and Glutathione -- Other Inorganic Nutrients -- References -- Bibliography -- Chapter 11. DIET AND CANCER -- Overview -- Cancer of the Large Bowel.

Genetic Changes that Result in Cancer -- RAS and the MAP Kinase Signaling Pathway -- Mutations in the RAS Gene and Cancer -- Cadherin Protein -- Epidemiology of Diet and Colon Cancer -- Summary -- References -- Bibliography -- APPENDIX A: NUTRITION METHODOLOGY -- References/Bibliography -- APPENDIX B: DOT BLOTS, MOLECULAR CLONING, AND DNA SEQUENCING -- Assessing Metabolic Regulation by Measuring Changes in Enzyme Activity -- Assessing Metabolic Regulation by Measuring Levels of Messenger RNA (Dot Blots) -- Using Drug Resistance as a Selection Technique -- Restriction Sites and Restriction Enzymes -- Phages, Phagemids, and Plasmids Are Used to Acquire DNA for Sequencing -- Phages, Plasmids, and Phagemids -- Properties of Phage Lambda and of Filamentous Phage -- Sequencing of DNA -- Summary -- References/Bibliography -- APPENDIX C: METHODS AND TERMS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY -- Algebra Used for Calculating Risk Ratio and Odds Ratio -- Acquiring Data on Food and Nutrient Intake -- References/Bibliography -- Index.