Front Cover -- Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION TO FRESHWATER INVERTEBRATES -- I. Introduction -- II. Approches to Taxonomic Classification -- III. Synopses of the North American Freshwater Invertebrates -- IV. Taxonomic Key to Major Taxa of Freshwater Invertebrates -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 2. AN OVERVIEW OF FRESHWATER HABITATS -- I. Introduction -- II. Lotic Environments -- III. Underground Aquatic Habitats -- IV. Lentic Ecosystems -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 3. PROTOZOA -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Ecology and Evolution -- IV. Collecting, Rearing, and Preparation for Identification -- V. Identification of Protozoa -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 4. PORIFERA -- I. Introduction -- II. Structure and Physiology -- III. Ecology and Evolution -- IV. Collecting, Rearing, and Preparing Sponges for Identification -- V. Classification -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 5. CNIDARIA -- I. Introduction -- II. General Biology of Cnidaria -- III. Descriptive Ecology of Freshwater Cnidaria -- IV. Collection and Maintenance of Freshwater Cnidaria -- V. Classification of Freshwater Cnidaria -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 6. FLATWORMS: TURBELLARIA AND NEMERTEA -- TURBELLARIA -- I. Introduction: Status in the Animal Kingdom -- II. Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Ecology -- IV. Current and Future Research Problems -- V. Collecting, Rearing, and Identification Techniques -- VI. Identification of North American Genera of Freshwater Turbellaria -- NEMERTEA -- VII. General Characteristics, External and Internal Anatomical Features -- VIII. Ecology -- IX. Current and Future Research Problems -- X. Collection, Culturing, and Preservation -- XI. Taxonomic Key to Species of Freshwater Nemertea in North America.

Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 7. GASTROTRICHA -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Ecology and Evolution -- IV. Collecting, Rearing, and Preparation for Identification -- V. Taxonomic Key -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 8. PHYLUM ROTIFERA -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Ecology and Evolution -- IV. Collecting, Rearing, and Preparation for Identification -- V. Classification and Systematics -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 9. NEMATODA AND NEMATOMORPHA -- NEMATODA -- I. Introduction -- II. Morphology and Physiology -- III. Development and Life History -- IV. Ecology -- V. Collecting and Rearing Techniques -- VI. Identification -- NEMATOMORPHA -- VII. Introduction -- VIII. Morphology and Physiology -- IX. Development and Life History -- X. Sampling -- XI. Identification -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 10. MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Ecology and Evolution -- IV. Collecting and Culturing Freshwater Gastropods -- V. Identification of Freshwater Gastropods of North America -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 11. MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Ecology and Evolution -- IV. Collecting, Preparation for Identification, and Rearing -- V. Identification of the Freshwater Bivalves of North America -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 12. ANNELIDA: OLIGOCHAETA, INCLUDING BRANCHIOBDELLIDAE -- OLIGOCHAETA -- I. Introduction to the Oligochaeta -- II. Oligochaete Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Ecology and Evolution of Oligochaeta -- IV. Collecting, Rearing, and Preparation of Oligochaetes for Identification -- V. Taxonomic Keys for Oligochaeta -- BRANCHIOBDELLIDAE -- VI. Introduction to Branchiobdellidae -- VII. Anatomy and Physiology of Branchiobdellidans -- VIII. Ecology and Evolution -- IX. Identification of Branchiobdellidans -- Literature Cited.

CHAPTER 13. ANNELIDA: EUHIRUDINEA AND ACANTHOBDELLIDAE -- I. Introduction to Euhirudinea and Acanthobdellidae -- II. Taxonomic Status and Characteristics -- III. Euhirudinea and Acanthobdellidae -- IV. Ecology -- V. Collection and Rearing -- VI. Identification -- VII. Taxonomic Keys -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 14. BRYOZOANS -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Ecology and Evolution -- IV. Entoprocta -- V. Study Methods -- VI. Taxonomic Key -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 15. TARDIGRADA -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomy -- III. Physiology (Latent States) -- IV. Reproduction and Development -- V. Ecology -- VI. Techniques for Collection, Extraction, and Microscopy -- VII. Identification -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 16. WATER MITES (HYDRACHNIDA) AND OTHER ARACHNIDS -- I. Introduction to Arachnids -- II. Water Mites (Hydrachnida) -- III. Other Arachnids in Freshwater Habitats -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 17. DIVERSITY AND CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS AND COLLEMBOLA -- I. Introduction -- II. Aquatic Orders of Insects -- III. Partially Aquatic Orders of Insects -- IV. Semiaquatic Collembola-Springtails -- V. Identification of the Freshwater Insects and Collembola -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 18. AQUATIC INSECT ECOLOGY -- I. Introduction -- II. Aquatic Insect Communities -- III. Aquatic Insect Life Histories -- IV. Insect-Mediated Processes -- V. Secondary Production -- VI. Effects of Land Use on Aquatic Insect Communities -- VII. Role of Disturbance -- VIII. Aquatic Insects in Biomonitoring Studies -- IX. Summary -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 19. INTRODUCTION TO THE SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomy and Physiology of Crustacea -- III. Ecology and Evolution of Selected Crustacea -- IV. Collecting, Rearing, and Preparation for Identification -- V. Classification of Peracarida and Brachiura -- Literature Cited.

CHAPTER 20. OSTRACODA -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Life History -- IV. Distribution -- V. Chemical Habitat -- VI. Physical Habitat -- VII. Physiological and Morphological Adaptations -- VIII. Behavioral Ecology -- IX. Foraging Relationships -- X. Population Regulation -- XI. Collecting and Rearing Techniques -- XII. Uses of Freshwater Ostracoda -- XIII. Current and Future Research Problems -- XIV. Classification of Freshwater Ostracodes -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 21. CLADOCERA AND OTHER BRANCHIOPODA -- I. Introduction -- CLADOCERA -- II. Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Distribution -- IV. Behavior -- V. What Cladocerans Eat and What Eats Cladocerans -- VI. Population Regulation -- VII. Functional Role in the Ecosystem -- VIII. Paleolimnology and Molecular Phylogeny -- IX. Toxicology -- X. Current and Future Research -- XI. Collecting and Rearing -- XII. Taxonomic Keys for Cladoceran Genera -- OTHER BRANCHIOPODS -- XIII. Anatomy and Physiology of the Other Branchiopods -- XIV. Ecology of the Other Branchiopods -- XV. Current and Future Research Problems -- XVI. Collecting and Rearing Techniques -- XVII. Taxonomic Keys for Non-Cladoceran Genera of Branchiopods -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 22. COPEPODA -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Ecology and Evolution -- IV. Current and Future Research Problems -- V. Collecting and Rearing Techniques -- VI. Identification Techniques -- Literature Cited -- CHAPTER 23. DECAPODA -- I. Introduction -- II. Anatomy and Physiology -- III. Ecology and Evolution -- IV. Current and Future Research Problems -- V. Collecting and Rearing Techniques -- VI. Identification -- Literature Cited -- Glossary -- Subject Index -- Taxonomic Index.