CONTENTS -- Editors -- Reviewers -- Some Similarities and Differences Between the Mars and Venus Solar Wind Interactions J.-G. Trotignin -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Basic Facts about Venus and Mars Solar Wind Interactions -- 2.1. The Venus case -- 2.2. The Mars case -- 3. Some Similarities and Differences -- 3.1. Bow shock and upstream waves -- 3.2. Ionosphere and ionopause -- 3.3. Plasma clouds -- 3.4. Magnetic pile-up boundary -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Comparison of Microwave Observations of Martian Temperature and Winds with General Circulation Model Simulations T. Kuroda and P. Hartogh -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Model Description -- 3. Model Results -- 4. Discussions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Asteroid Compositions: Some Evidence From Polarimetry A. Cellino, M. Di Martino, A.-C. Levasseur-Regourd, I. N. Belskaya, Ph. Bendjoya, R. Gil-Hutton -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theory and Experiments -- 3. The Role of Polarimetry in Asteroid Taxonomy -- 4. Recent Observational Results -- 5. Future Developments -- References -- Low Energy Charged Particle Measurement by Japanese Lunar Orbiter Selene Y. Saito, S. Yokota, K. Asamura, T. Tanaka and T. Mukai -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Science Objectives -- 2.1. Ions originated from the lunar surface and the lunar atmosphere -- 2.2. Electron reflectometer -- 2.3. Moon-solar wind interaction -- 2.4. Moon-Earth's magnetosphere interaction -- 2.5. Plasma measurement of the Earth's magnetotail -- 3. Instrument Con.guration -- 3.1. ESA-S1 and ESA-S2 -- 3.2. IMA and IEA -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- A Jovian Small Orbiter for Magnetospheric and Auroral Studies with the Solar-Sail Project Y. Kasaba, T. Takashima, H. Misawa and Jovian Small Orbiter Sub-Working Group [with J. Kawaguchi and Solar-Sail Working Group] -- 1. Solar-Sail Project -- 1.1. Objectives.

1.2. Current development status and future base plan -- 2. The Small Jovian Orbiter -- 2.1. Objectives -- 2.2. The base plan -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Description of a New 400 MHz Bandwidth Chirp Transform Spectrometer L. Paganini and P. Hartogh -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Development and Design -- 3. Test Measurements -- 3.1. Chirp signal -- 3.2. Power linearity and dynamic range -- 3.3. Stability -- 3.4. Spectral resolution -- 4. Observations and Results -- 5. Conclusions and Outlook -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Formation of Alumina Nanoparticles in Plasma M. Kurumada and C. Kaito -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental Procedure -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 3.1. Phase or morphological change due to plasma -- 3.2. IR spectral change of alumina nanoparticles produced with a plasma field -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Infrared Study of UV/EUV Irradiation of Naphthalene in H2O+NH3 Ice Y.-J. Chen, M. Nuevo, F.-C. Yeh, T.-S. Yih, W.-H. Sun, W.-H. Ip, H.-S. Fung, Y.-Y. Lee and C.-Y. R. Wu -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental Protocol -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 3.1. Photo-dissociation of naphthalene -- 3.2. Production yields of CO, CO2 and OCN- -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- New Method of Producing Titanium Carbide, Monoxide and Dioxide Grains in Laboratory A. Kumamoto, M. Kurumada, Y. Kimura and C. Kaito -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental Methods -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 4. Summary -- References -- Destruction Yields of NH3 Produced by EUV Photolysis of Various Mixed Cosmic Ice Analogs C. Y. R. Wu, T. Nguyen, D. L. Judge, H.-C. Lu, H.-K. Chen and B.-M. Cheng -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental Arrangements and Apparatus -- 3. Experimental Results and Discussion -- 3.1. The spectra of the difference of absorbances -- 3.2. The destruction yields -- 4. Concluding Remarks.

Acknowledgments -- References -- Formation of CaTiO3 Crystalline Dust in Laboratory K. Yokoyama, Y. Kimura, O. Kido, M. Kurumada, A. Kumamoto and C. Kaito -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 3.1. Demonstration of CaTiO3 crystalline grain formation by the coalescence of TiO2 and CaO grains -- 3.2. Production of numerous CaTiO3 crystalline grains and their infrared spectra -- References -- Direct Observation of the Crystallization of Carbon-Coated Amorphous Mg-bearing Silicate Grains C. Kaito, S. Sasaki, Y. Miyazaki, A. Kumamoto, M. Kurumada, K. Yokoyama, M. Saito, Y. Kimura and H. Suzuki -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental Methods -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 4. Summary -- References -- Relationship Between Morphology and Spectra Revealed by Difference in Magnesium Content of Spinel Particles M. Saito, M. Kurumada and C. Kaito -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental Procedure -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 3.1. Structure of produced particles -- 3.2. Infrared spectral changes induced by varying Mg-Al ratio -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Ionization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Molecules around the Herbig Ae/Be Environment I. Sakon, T. Onaka, Y. K. Okamoto, H. Kataza, H. Kaneda and M. Honda -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Observations and Data Reduction -- 2.1. Target -- 2.2. Data reduction -- 3. Results -- 3.1. Obtained spectra along the SLIT0716 -- 3.2. Changing in UIR solo-CH bond spectra along the SLIT0717 -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Summary -- 6. Acknowledgments -- References -- Search for Solid O- and N-Rich Organic Matter of Prebiotic Interest in Space G. M. M. Caro and E. Dartois -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Organic Refractory Matter of Prebiotic Interest Made from UV-Irradiation of Interstellar/Circumstellar Ice Analogs -- 3. Solid Carbon in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium.

4. The Carbon Fraction of Small Bodies in the Solar System: Comets, Meteorites and Interplanetary Dust Particles -- 4.1. Comets -- 4.2. Meteorites -- 4.3. Interplanetary dust particles -- 5. Presence of Organics Made from UV-Photoprocessing of Ice in Small Solar System Bodies -- 6. Delivery of Extraterrestrial Organic Matter to the Early Earth -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Balloon-Borne Telescope System for Optical Remote Sensing of Planetary Atmospheres and Plasmas M. Taguchi, K. Yoshida, H. Nakanishi, Y. Shoji, K. Kawasaki, J. Shimasaki, Y. Takahashi, J. Yoshida, D. Tamura and T. Sakanoi -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Instrument Description -- 2.1. Gondola and attitude-control system -- 2.2. Optical system and pointing -- 2.3. Telemetry and command -- 2.4. Weight and power -- 2.5. Flight plan -- 3. Schedule of Experiments -- Acknowledgments -- References -- The Strategic Plan for the Integrated Sciences and the Development Status of Japanese Lunar Explorers: SELENE and Lunar-A T. Iwata, S. Tanaka, M. Kato, S. Sasaki, N. Namiki -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Mission Outline and Status -- 2.1. SELENE -- 2.2. Lunar-A -- 3. Strategy for Sciences -- 3.1. Scenarios from individual to integrated sciences -- 3.2. Stages of integrated sciences of the moon by SELENE -- 4. Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- From Nuclear Blasts to Cosmic Bombardment K. O'Brien -- 1. Eniwetak -- 1.1. Prologue -- 1.2. In the lab -- 1.3. In transit -- 1.4. The fire on the earth -- 1.5. The return home -- 2. Accelerator Radiation Protection -- 2.1. Flintlock days -- 2.2. Neutron spectrometry -- 2.2.1 Nuclear emulsion spectrometry -- 2.2.2. Bonner spectrometry -- 2.3. Transport theory -- 2.3.1. Neutron transport through accelerator shields -- 3. Cosmic-ray Studies -- 3.1. Cosmic rays in the terrestrial atmosphere -- 3.2. Solar particles in the terrestrial atmosphere.

4. Extraterrestrial Cosmic Rays -- 4.1. Radiation transport through the heliosphere -- 4.2. Cosmic rays in extraterrestrial atmospheres -- 4.3. Radiation shielding for a Mars mission -- 5. Conclusion -- References.