
Nucleation : Basic Theory with Applications.
Title:
Nucleation : Basic Theory with Applications.
Author:
Kashchiev, Dimo.
ISBN:
9780080537832
Personal Author:
Edition:
1st ed.
Physical Description:
1 online resource (551 pages)
Contents:
Front Cover -- Nucleation: Basic Theory with Applications -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Symbols and abbreviations -- Part 1: Thermodynamics of nucleation -- Chapter 1. First-order phase transitions -- Chapter 2. Driving force for nucleation -- Chapter 3. Work for cluster formation -- 3.1 Homogeneous nucleation -- 3.2 Heterogeneous nucleation -- 3.3 General formulae -- 3.4 Absence of one-dimensional nucleation -- Chapter 4. Nucleus size and nucleation work -- 4.1 General formulae -- 4.2 Homogeneous nucleation -- 4.3 Heterogeneous nucleation -- 4.4 Atomistically small nuclei -- Chapter 5. Nucleation theorem -- 5.1 Phenomenological proof -- 5.2 Thermodynamic proof -- 5.3 Generalizations -- 5.4 Integral form -- Chapter 6. Properties of clusters -- 6.1 Inside pressure -- 6.2 Chemical potential -- 6.3 Vapour pressure -- 6.4 Solubility -- 6.5 Melting point -- 6.6 Specific surface energy -- Chapter 7. Equilibrium cluster size distribution -- 7.1 Equilibrium concentration of clusters -- 7.2 Equilibrium concentration of nuclei -- Chapter 8. Density-functional approach -- 8.1 General considerations -- 8.2 Gradient approximation -- 8.3 Hard-sphere approximation -- 8.4 Quasi-thermodynamics -- 8.5 Quasi-thermodynamic formulation -- Part 2: Kinetics of nucleation -- Chapter 9. Master equation -- 9.1 General formulation -- 9.2 Nucleation stage -- 9.3 Coalescence stage -- 9.4 Ageing stage -- Chapter 10. Transition frequencies -- 10.1 Monomer attachment frequency -- 10.2 Monomer detachment frequency -- 10.3 Multimer attachment frequency -- 10.4 Multimer detachment frequency -- 10.5 General formulae -- Chapter 11. Nucleation rate -- Chapter 12. Equilibrium -- Chapter 13. Stationary nucleation -- 13.1 Stationary cluster size distribution -- 13.2 Stationary rate of nucleation -- 13.3 Particular cases -- 13.4 Concentration of supernuclei.
13.5 Comparison with experiment -- Chapter 14. First application of the nucleation theorem -- Chapter 15. Non-stationary nucleation -- 15.1 Non-stationary cluster size distribution -- 15.2 Non-stationary rate of nucleation -- 15.3 Time lag of nucleation -- 15.4 Delay time of nucleation -- 15.5 Concentration of supernuclei -- 15.6 Suggestion -- 15.7 Finding the equilibrium concentration of nuclei -- Chapter 16. Second application of the nucleation theorem -- Chapter 17. Nucleation at variable supersaturation -- 17.1 Quasi-stationary cluster size distribution -- 17.2 Quasi-stationary rate of nucleation -- 17.3 Condition for quasi-stationarity -- Part 3: Factors affecting nucleation -- Chapter 18. Seed size -- Chapter 19. Line energy -- Chapter 20. Strain energy -- Chapter 21. Electric field -- 21.1 General formulae -- 21.2 Nucleation on ions -- 21.3 Nucleation in external electric field -- Chapter 22. Carrier-gas pressure -- Chapter 23. Solution pressure -- Chapter 24. Pre-existing clusters -- 24.1 Non-stationary cluster size distribution -- 24.2 Non-stationary rate of nucleation -- 24.3 Concentration of supernuclei -- 24.4 Delay time of nucleation -- Chapter 25. Active centres -- Part 4: Applications -- Chapter 26. Overall crystallization -- 26.1 General formulae -- 26.2 Polynuclear mechanism -- 26.3 Mononuclear mechanism -- 26.4 Two-stage crystallization -- Chapter 27. Crystal growth -- 27.1 Continuous growth -- 27.2 Nucleation-mediated growth -- 27.3 Spiral growth -- Chapter 28. Third application of the nucleation theorem -- Chapter 29. Induction time -- Chapter 30. Fourth application of the nucleation theorem -- Chapter 31. Metastability limit -- Chapter 32. Maximum number of supernuclei -- 32.1 General formulae -- 32.2 Instantaneous nucleation -- 32.3 Progressive nucleation -- Chapter 33. Size distribution of supernuclei -- 33.1 General formulae.
33.2 Particular cases -- Chapter 34. Growth of thin films -- Chapter 35. Rupture of amphiphile bilayers -- Appendices -- A1 Exact formula for the non-stationary nucleation rate -- A2 Approximate formula for the non-stationary nucleation rate -- A3 Initial concentration of supernuclei in previously supersaturated systems -- References -- Author index -- Subject index.
Abstract:
This book represents a detailed and systematic account of the basic principles, developments and applications of the theory of nucleation. The formation of new phases begins with the process of nucleation and is, therefore, a widely spread phenomenon in both nature and technology. Condensation and evaporation, crystal growth, electrodeposition, melt crystallization, growth of thin films for microelectronics, volcano eruption and formation of particulate matter in space are only a few of the processes in which nucleation plays a prominent role. The book has four parts, which are devoted to the thermodynamics of nucleation, the kinetics of nucleation, the effect of various factors on nucleation and the application of the theory to other processes, which involve nucleation. The first two parts describe in detail the two basic approaches in nucleation theory - the thermodynamic and the kinetic ones. They contain derivations of the basic and most important formulae of the theory and discuss their limitations and possibilities for improvement. The third part deals with some of the factors that can affect nucleation and is a natural continuation of the first two chapters. The last part is devoted to the application of the theory to processes of practical importance such as melt crystallization and polymorphic transformation, crystal growth and growth of thin solid films, size distribution of droplets and crystallites in condensation and crystallization. The book is not just an account of the status quo in nucleation theory - throughout the book there are a number of new results as well as extensions and generalisations of existing ones.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
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