Cover -- Half-title -- Series-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Table of Cases -- 1. Canada -- 2. England -- 3. European Court of Human Rights -- 4. South Africa -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introduction -- Herceptin and the NHS: a case study of the rationing of treatment -- Objectives, structure and scope of this book -- 2 Why 'Ration' Healthcare Resources? -- The meaning of 'rationing' -- 'Rationing' and 'priority-setting' - the importance of language -- Why is the rationing of healthcare resources necessary and is it inevitable? -- Is the rationing of healthcare resources becoming increasingly necessary? -- Conclusion -- 3 How Rationing Takes Place -- Types of rationing -- Who should ration? -- Implicit and explicit rationing defined -- Why ration implicitly? -- Why ration explicitly? -- Strategies of explicit rationing -- Explicit rationing in practice? The UK experience -- Conclusion -- 4 Rationing and the Problem of Legitimacy -- The instability of explicit forms of rationing: tragic choices -- The 'special moral importance' of healthcare -- Conflicting principles of distributive justice? -- An individualistic approach: meeting health needs -- A utilitarian approach: maximising health gain -- An egalitarian approach: reducing inequalities in health -- The impossibility of consensus on substantive principles? -- The 'legitimacy problem' -- Responding to the 'legitimacy problem': towards procedural justice? -- Developing deliberation -- Conclusion -- 5 Rationing and the Courts: Theoretical Perspectives -- What's law got to do with it? -- Mistrust of the legal process -- The perceived role of law -- The limitations of adjudication -- Public law and legitimacy -- 'Accountability for reasonableness' and public law -- The place of the courts within a deliberative democracy -- Conclusion -- Rationing in the Courts: England.

Introduction: the incidence of legal challenge -- The impact of human rights on English case law -- Collier, Wednesbury and judicial restraint -- A chink of light? 'Child B' -- After 'Child B': from Fisher to A, D and G -- A note of caution? Pfizer (No. 2) and Rogers -- Conclusion -- 7 Rationing in the Courts: Canada -- Judicial review of administrative action -- Human rights cases -- Charter adjudication and deliberation -- The presumptive nature of rights and judicial competence -- Proportionality, evidence and 'demonstrable justification' -- Charter adjudication as catalyst: 'democratic dialogue' -- Conclusion -- 8 Rationing in the Courts: South Africa -- Soobramoney: judicial restraint? -- The Treatment Action Campaign case: reasonableness review -- 'Reasonableness', deliberation and a 'constitutional culture of justification' -- Conclusion -- Conclusion -- A role for the courts: a modest proposal -- The deliberative possibilities of public law adjudication -- Deliberation and rights adjudication -- Creating a 'culture of justification' -- The continuing need for judicial restraint and focus -- Prospects for deliberation outside the courts -- Index.