Contents -- The Editors -- Contributors -- Preface -- PART I. TAXONOMY AND PRINCIPAL GENERA -- 1 Structure and Classification -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. General Morphology -- 1.3. Life Cycle Stages -- 1.4. Feeding Groups -- 1.5. Classification of Plant-parasitic Nematodes -- 1.6. Common Morphometric Abbreviations -- 2 Molecular Taxonomy and Phylogeny -- 2.1. Taxonomy and Phylogeny -- 2.2. Species Concepts and Delimiting Species in Nematology -- 2.3. Phylogeny and Classification -- 2.4. Molecular Techniques -- 2.5. Genes Used for Molecular Systematics -- 2.6. Microsatellites -- 2.7. Phylogenetic Inference -- 2.8. Reconstruction of Historical Associations -- 2.9. Databases -- 2.10. Examples of Molecular Phylogenies -- 3 Root-knot Nematodes -- 3.1. Introduction to Root-knot Nematodes -- 3.2. Life Cycle and Behaviour -- 3.3. Host Response to Parasitism -- 3.4. Post-infection Biology -- 3.5. Effect on Plant Growth and Yield -- 3.6. Survival -- 3.7. Cytogenetics -- 3.8. General Morphology -- 3.9. Principal Species -- 3.10. Biochemical and Molecular Identification -- 3.11. Interactions with Other Plant Pathogens -- 3.12. Management and Control -- 4 Cyst Nematodes -- 4.1. Introduction to Cyst Nematodes -- 4.2. Life Cycle and Behaviour -- 4.3. The Hatching Process -- 4.4. General Morphology of the Subfamily Heteroderinae -- 4.5. Genera and Principal Species -- 4.6. Pathotypes and Races -- 4.7. Biochemical and Molecular Diagnosis -- 4.8. Interactions with Other Plant Pathogens -- 4.9. Management and Control -- 5 Migratory Endoparasitic Nematodes -- 5.1. Introduction to Migratory Endoparasitic Nematodes -- 5.2. The Pratylenchids: Lesion, Burrowing and Rice Root Nematodes -- 5.3. Anguinids and the Stem and Bulb Nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci -- 5.4. Plant-parasitic Aphelenchs -- 6 Ectoparasitic Nematodes -- 6.1. Introduction to Ectoparasitic Nematodes.

6.2. Definition of Ectoparasites/Ectoparasitism -- 6.3. Classification -- 6.4. Tylenchina (Chromadorea, Chromadoria) -- 6.5. Enoplea -- 6.6. Biochemical and Molecular Diagnostics -- 6.7. Ectoparasitic Nematodes as Vectors of Plant Viruses -- 6.8. Management -- PART II. NEMATODE BIOLOGY AND PLANT RESPONSES -- 7 Reproduction, Physiology and Biochemistry -- 7.1. Reproduction and Development -- 7.2. Musculature and Neurobiology -- 7.3. Biosynthesis -- 7.4. Respiration and Intermediary Metabolism -- 7.5. Osmotic and Ionic Regulation and Excretion -- 7.6. Survival Strategies -- 8 Behaviour and Sensory Perception -- 8.1. Sense Organs or Sensilla -- 8.2. Undulatory Propulsion -- 8.3. Random Movement -- 8.4. Movement in Response to Stimuli -- 8.5. Other Types of Movement and Behaviour -- 9 Molecular Aspects of Plant-Nematode Interactions -- 9.1. Nematode Parasitism of Plants -- 9.2. Invasion and Migration -- 9.3. Wound and Defence Responses of the Plant -- 9.4. Protection from Host Responses -- 9.5. Molecular and Cellular Aspects of Nematode Feeding Cells -- 9.6. Nematode Signals for Feeding Site Induction -- 9.7. Comparison Between Cyst and Root-knot Nematodes -- 9.8. Resistance and Avirulence Genes -- 10 Genetic Engineering for Resistance -- 10.1. Targets in the Nematode-Plant Interaction for Engineered Resistance -- 10.2. Past and Present Engineered Resistance Work -- 10.3. The Need for Promoters -- 10.4. The Role of Reporter Genes -- 10.5. Stacked Defences -- 10.6. The Research Approach to Engineer Resistance -- 10.7. The Future -- PART III. QUANTITATIVE NEMATOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT -- 11 Plant Growth and Population Dynamics -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Relationships of Nematodes with Plants -- 11.3. Predictors of Yield Reduction -- 11.4. Different Response Variables of Nematodes -- 11.5. Stem Nematodes (Ditylenchus dipsaci).

11.6. Root-invading Nematodes -- 11.7. Effect of Nematicides -- 11.8. Validation of the Model -- 11.9. Population Dynamics -- 12 Distribution Patterns and Sampling -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. Practical Application -- 12.3. Horizontal Distribution -- 12.4. Vertical Distribution -- 13 International Plant Health - Putting Legislation into Practice -- 13.1. Introduction and Terminology -- 13.2. Historical Considerations -- 13.3. International Phytosanitary Frameworks -- 13.4. Early Legislation Enacted against Plant-parasitic Nematodes -- 13.5. International Phytosanitary Initiatives against Plant-parasitic Nematodes -- 13.6. Phytosanitary Problems Posed by Plant-parasitic Nematodes -- 13.7. Determining the Risk Posed by Plant-parasitic Nematodes Using Pest Risk Analysis -- 13.8. Phytosanitary Measures for Plant-parasitic Nematodes -- 13.9. Phytosanitary Measures and their Associated Cost:Benefits -- 13.10. Future Challenges for the Control of Regulated Nematodes -- 13.11. Challenges Facing Scientific Advisers and Researchers -- 14 Biological and Cultural Management -- 14.1. Biological Control -- 14.2. Cultural Management -- 15 Resistant Cultivars -- 15.1. Introduction -- 15.2. Definitions -- 15.3. Variation and Specificity -- 15.4. Origins and Functions -- 15.5. Exploitation -- 15.6. Successes and Opportunities -- 16 Chemical Control of Nematodes -- 16.1. History and Development of Nematicides -- 16.2. Active Substances: Chemical Groups and Modes of Action -- 16.3. Formulation and Application -- 16.4. Nematicides in the Environment -- 16.5. Human Safety -- 16.6. Naturally Occurring Nematicides -- References -- Glossary -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- Z -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- X -- Y.

Z.