Contents -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Incorporation of illegal immigrants and 'internal migration control' -- 1.1 Setting of the scene -- 1.2 Immigration to the Netherlands -- 1.3 Definitions of illegality -- 1.4 Theories on migration and in corporation -- 1.5 The labour market dimension -- 1.6 The policy dimension -- 1.7 Research questions -- 1.8 Methods and sources -- 2 Loopholes in the labour market: informal employment -- 2.1 Introduction: informalisation -- 2.2 State regulation and opportunities -- 2.3 Employment of illegal immigrants in Rotterdam -- 2.4 Making a living and moving up the ladder -- 2.5 Conclusions -- 3 Crime as alternative option: illicit employment -- 3.1 Crime -- 3.2 The illegality - criminality nexus -- 3.3 Differential opportunity structures -- 3.4 Data and definitions -- 3.5 Apprehensions of illegal immigrants -- 3.6 North African immigrants in the drug economy -- 3.7 Conclusions -- 4 Internal surveillance in practice: the police -- 4.1 Internal surveillance -- 4.2 Police officers as street-level bureaucrats -- 4.3 The organisational context -- 4.4 Appre hension practices -- 4.5 Expulsion practices -- 4.6 Conclusions -- 5 Close encounters with the welfare state: limits of the Linking Act -- 5.1 Illegal immigrants and welfare state provisions -- 5.2 Close encounters with the welfare state -- 5.3 Human Service Organisations -- 5.4 The introduction of the Linking Act -- 5.5 Practices prior to the Linking Act -- 5.6 After the Linking Act: old and new dilemmas -- 5.7 Conclusions -- 6 Summary and conclusions. Legal limits to incorporation, social limits to internal control -- 6.1 Incorporation and implementation -- 6.2 Legal limits to incorporation -- 6.3 Social limits to internal control -- 6.4 Policy implications and policy options -- Appendices.

1. Interviews with illegal immigrants in Rotterdam -- 2. Police files -- 3. Interviews with police officers -- 4. Interviews in other sectors -- Notes -- References -- Newspaper articles -- Index of names.