Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Historical Claims -- Puzzles and Cautions -- The Priority of Public Monitoring -- Variations among States -- Variations within States -- National Styles of Stealth Torture -- Torture and Democracy -- Does Torture Work? -- Who Cares? -- I: Torture and Democracy -- 1 Modern Torture and Its Observers -- Defining Torture -- Monitoring Torture -- 2 Torture and Democracy -- The National Security Model -- The Juridical Model -- The Civic Discipline Model -- Hell Is in the Details -- II: Remembering Stalinism and Nazism -- Introduction -- 3 Lights, Heat, and Sweat -- Sweating and Stealth in America -- British Psychological Techniques -- Interrogation Elsewhere in Europe -- Sweating and Stealth in Russia -- The Spread of the Russian Style -- Remembering Pavlov -- 4 Whips and Water -- Labussière's List -- Documenting Nazi Torture -- Torture in Germany -- Torture in Nazi-Occupied Europe -- Remembering the War -- 5 Bathtubs -- Masuy's Bathtub -- Marty's Magneto -- The French Gestapo and Electric Torture -- The Decline of Sweating and Stealth -- The German Gestapo and Modern Torture -- Remembering Nuremberg -- The Search for Electric Torture -- III: A History of Electric Stealth -- 6 Shock -- The AC/DC Controversy and the Electric Chair -- The Mystery of Electric Death -- Early Police Devices -- The Mystery of Shock -- Early Medical Devices -- Transmitting Shock -- Later Medical Devices -- Remembering the Animals -- 7 Magnetos -- What Is a Magneto? -- Indochina, 1931 -- Out of Indochina -- Korea, 1931 -- Out of Korea -- The Lost History of the Magneto -- French and British Electrotorture after World War II -- The Colonial Police and Wuillaume's List -- The Triumph of the Gégène -- Algeria, 1960 -- Remembering the Gestapo -- 8 Currents -- South Vietnamese Torture -- Vietnam, 1968 -- Bell Telephone Hour.

Out of Vietnam Again -- Variation within the French Style -- Cattle Prods -- The Electric Cornucopia -- Remembering Vietnam -- 9 Singing the World Electric -- When Electrotorture Was New -- Explaining Clean Electrotorture -- Crafting Electrotorture -- Surging Forward -- The Americas -- Middle East and North Africa -- Asia -- Sub-Saharan Africa -- Europe and Central Asia -- Explaining the Surge -- Remembering the Cold War -- 10 Prods, Tasers, and Stun Guns -- Electric Utopia -- Electric-Free Protest -- Stun Technology -- Covering America -- Remembering Eutopia -- 11 Stun City -- Magneto Torture in Chicago -- Stun and Torture -- Tasers and Torture -- Burning Issues -- Stun and Democracy -- But No One Died -- Civic Shock -- Welcome to Stun City -- IV: Other Stealth Traditions -- Introduction -- 12 Sticks and Bones -- Clean Whipping -- Paddles -- Beating Feet -- Remembering Slaves and Sailors -- 13 Water, Sleep, and Spice -- Pumping -- Choking -- Showers and Ice -- Salt and Spice -- Deprivation of Sleep -- Remembering the Inquisition -- 14 Stress and Duress -- Great and Lesser Stress Traditions -- British Stress Tortures -- French Stress Tortures -- American Stress Tortures -- Authoritarian Adaptations -- Remembering the Eighteenth Century -- 15 Forced Standing and Other Positions -- Old Users after the War -- Positional Tortures in the Communist World -- Positional Tortures in the Non-Communist World -- The Universal Distributor Hypothesis Revisited -- Remembering the Hooded Men -- 16 Fists and Exercises -- Clean Beating -- Adapting "the Necktie" -- Exhaustion Exercises -- Remembering the Grunts and the Cops -- 17 Old and New Restraints -- Bucking (the Parrot's Perch) -- The Crapaudine -- Standing Handcuffs -- Sweatboxes -- Adapting Old Restraints -- The Shabeh -- Remembering the Allied POWs -- 18 Noise -- Low-Technology Noise -- High-Technology Noise.

The CIA and Sensory Deprivation Boxes -- Beyond the Laboratory -- Principles and Guinea Pigs -- Remembering Evil -- 19 Drugs and Doctors -- Police and Drugs -- The CIA and Drugs -- The Decline of Pharmacological Torture -- Soviet Pharmacological Torture -- Communist Pyschoprisons -- Lines of Defense -- Remembering the Prison Doctors -- V: Politics and Memory -- 20 Supply and Demand for Clean Torture -- Historical Claims -- The Priority of Public Monitoring -- Variations among and within States -- National Styles of Stealth Torture -- The Strength of Low Technology -- The Power of Whispers -- Why Styles Change -- Disciplinary Interventions -- The Demand for Torture -- 21 Does Torture Work? -- Can Torture Be Scientific? -- Can Torture Be Restrained? -- Does Technology Help? -- Can Torture Be Professionally Conducted? -- Works Better Than What? -- Is Anything Better Than Nothing? -- How Well Do Interrogators Spot the Truth? -- How Well Do Cooperative Prisoners Remember? -- How Good Is the Intelligence Overall? -- Even When Time Is Short? -- Remembering the Questions -- 22 What the Apologists Say -- Remembering the Battle of Algiers -- Information in the Battle of Algiers -- French Interrogation Units -- Coerced Information in the Algerian War -- Saving Innocents, Losing Wars -- Gestapo Stories -- Stories from the Resistance -- CIA Stories -- The Interrogation of Al Qaeda -- Abu Ghraib and Guantánamo -- Afghanistan -- Testimonial Literature from Other Conflicts -- Remembering Abu Ghraib -- 23 Why Governments Don't Learn -- How Knowledge Does Not Accumulate -- How Knowledge Is Not Analyzed -- How Torture Warrants Might Help -- Regulating Torture -- Variations in Regulative Failure -- Stealth and the Regulation of Torture -- How Knowledge Does Not Matter -- Remembering the Soldiers -- 24 The Great Age of Torture in Modern Memory -- The Great Rift.

The Architecture of Amnesia -- The Designs of Genius -- Demons in the City -- Algerian Souvenirs -- Caring for the Memories -- Appendixes -- A: A List of Clean Tortures -- B: Issues of Method -- C: Organization and Explanations -- D: A Note on Sources for American Torture during the Vietnam War -- Notes -- Selected Bibliography -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- Z.