Contents -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgments -- Foreword -- Executive Summary -- Management Response to IEG Recommendations -- Chairperson's Summary: Committee on Development Effectiveness (CODE) -- Statement of the External Advisory Panel -- 1 Study Rationale, Objectives, and Organization -- Role and Nature of Transport -- Evaluation Rationale, Objectives, and Organization -- Evaluation Method -- 2 Global Trends, Bank Strategy, and Sector Outcomes -- Global Transport: Trends and Issues -- Foundations and Relevance of the Bank's Current Transport Strategy -- Update of Sector Priorities -- Sector Outcomes -- 3 Bank Support to the Transport Sector -- Trends in Bank Lending to Transport -- Overall Project Performance -- Modal Comparisons -- Regional Lending Trends -- Nonlending Assistance -- 4 Promoting Private Sector Involvement -- International Trends in Privatization -- Bank Performance in Encouraging Private Sector Involvement -- Overall Transport Performance -- 5 Road Maintenance, Institutional Development, and Environmental Protection -- Maintaining the Assets -- The Importance of Good Governance -- Protecting the Environment -- 6 Transport and Poverty -- Rural Transport and Poverty -- Urban Transport and Poverty -- African Transport and Poverty -- 7 Internal Bank Performance Factors -- Project Preparation -- Project Supervision -- Lending Instruments -- Results Measurement -- Transport Sector Staffing -- 8 Findings, Lessons, and Recommendations -- Findings and Lessons -- Recommendations -- Appendixes -- A: Study Logic and Statistics -- B: Background Paper Summaries -- C: MIGA Support for Transport Projects -- D: IFC's Experience in the Transport Sector -- E: Bank Transport Staff Interview Results -- F: Stakeholder Interviews -- G: Bank Documents and Transport Sector Board Activities -- Endnotes -- Bibliography -- Boxes.

3.1 Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Program -- 4.1 Mobilizing Private Finance for Road Development in China -- 5.1 Performance-Based Contracting of Road Maintenance in Argentina -- 5.2 Lessons on Reducing Urban Pollution -- 6.1 Improving Road Access in Rural Lesotho and Ghana -- 6.2 Bangabhandu Jamuna River Bridge, Bangladesh-How Transport Infrastructure Can Stimulate Development -- 6.3 The World Bank Group Africa Action Plan -- 6.4 Lesotho Road Rehabilitation Project-Limited Capacity Impedes Reform -- Figures -- ES.1 Private Sector Investment in the Transport Sector -- 2.1 Trends in IBRD/IDA Lending by Major Sector Groups, 1991-2004 -- 2.2 Private Sector Investment in Transport Projects in Developing Countries, 1990-2005 -- 3.1 Trends in IBRD/IDA Commitments for Transport, Fiscal 1995-2005 -- 3.2 Trends in Average Project Size, Transport Sector Projects versus All Other Projects, Fiscal 1995-2005 -- 3.3 Trends in IBRD/IDA Commitments for Transport by Region -- 3.4 IEG Ratings for Outcome, Sustainability, and Institutional Development (Approval Year Fiscal 1995-2006) -- Tables -- 3.1 IBRD/IDA Commitments for Transport ( billions): Share of Top 5 and Top 10 Countries, Fiscal 1995-2000 and Fiscal 2001-06 -- 3.2 IEG Ratings of Overall Project Outcome, Institutional Development, and Sustainability by Exit Year, Fiscal 1992-2006 -- 3.3 IBRD/IDA Commitments for Transport ( billions): Distribution by Transport Mode, Fiscal 1995-2000 and Fiscal 2001-06 -- 3.4 Transport Sector Board Projects, Fiscal 1995-2006: Analysis of Performance by Physical Infrastructure Objectives -- 3.5 Count of Research Papers, Sector Reports, Publications, and Notes/Newsletters: Transport Sector versus Other Sectors, 1995-2005 -- 3.6 Economic and Sector Work Strategy Documents by Region, 1995-2005.

4.1 Analysis of Performance by Private Sector Development Objectives, Transport Sector Board Projects, Fiscal 1995-2006 -- 5.1 Analysis of Performance by Institutional Development Objectives, Transport Sector Board Projects, Fiscal 1995-2006 -- 6.1 Distribution of Urban Projects and Components, Closed and Active (1995-2005) -- 7.1 Average Economic Rate of Return of Transport Projects, Approval Years 1995-2005.