CONTENTS -- Preface -- Photographs -- High Energies and Field Theories -- Developing Creativity and Innovation in Engineering and Science M. L. Perl -- 1. Creativity and Innovation in Engineering and Science -- 1.1. Creativity -- 1.2. Examples of Constraints on Creativity and Innovation -- 1.3. Observations and Rules of Thumb -- 1.4. Practicality and Feasibility Constraints -- 2. Necessary Personal Qualities for Creativity in Engineering and Science -- 2.1. Be Competent in Mathematics -- 2.2. Visualization -- 2.3. Imagination -- 2.4. Evaluate Your Laboratory Skills -- 3. Getting a Good Idea in Engineering and Science -- 3.1. Personality and Temperament -- 3.2. It is Much Easier to Get Bad Ideas than Good Ideas -- 3.3. Great Engineers and Scientists Have Bad Ideas as well as Good Ideas -- 3.4. Reduce the Frequency of Bad Ideas -- 3.5. Sorting Out Good and Bad Ideas -- 3.6. Can Creativity and Innovation Skills in Engineering and Science Be Taught in the Classroom? -- 3.7. Helpful Hints -- 3.8. Limit Your Working Hours -- 3.9. Luck -- 4. Colleagues -- 5. Obsession -- 5.1. Obsession is Important When You Have a Good Computing, Engineering, or Scientific Idea -- 5.2. Ending Obsession -- 5.3. Ambiguous Obsession - Power from Controlled Fusion -- 6. The Technology You Use -- 7. The Technology of the Future - Replacement of Technologies -- 8. The Technology of the Future - Incremental Improvements -- 9. The Technology of the Future - Some Promising Technologies Go Nowhere -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Knots as Possible Excitations of the Quantum Yang-Mills Fields L. D. Faddeev -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Nonlinear σ-model -- 3. Two Component Landau-Ginsburg-Gross-Pitaevsky Equation -- 4. SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory -- References -- A Torsional Topological Invariant H. T. Nieh -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Riemann Cartan Space Time -- 3. Gauss Bonnet Identities.

References -- Knot Topology of Classical Vacuum Space-Time Y. M. Cho -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Restricted QCD and QCD Vacuum -- 3. Einstein-Cartan Gravity: Gauge Theory of Lorentz Group -- 4. Restricted Gravity -- 5. Vacuum Space-time -- 6. Topological Classi.cation of Vacuum Space-time -- 7. Discussions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Some Thoughts on the Cosmological QCD Phase Transition W.-Y. P. Hwang -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Basics -- 3. The Cosmological QCD Phase Transition -- 4. Exploding Solitons -- 5. Colliding Walls: Formation of "Pasted" Domain Walls -- 6. Possible Connection with the Dark Matter -- 7. Outlook -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Analytic Scattering Amplitudes for QCD D. Vaman and Y.-P. Yao -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Spinors, Twistors and Complex Momenta -- 3. Space-Cone Gauge -- 4. The Largest Time Equation and Analytic Continuation -- 5. Gauge Invariance -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Neutrino Oscillation and the Daya Bay θ13 Experiment B.-L. Young -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Description of the Neutrino System -- 3. Summary of the Current Experimental Status -- 4. Implications and Future Study of Massive Neutrinos -- 5. A Near Term Neutrino Program -- 6. The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Scattering and Production at High Energies T. T. Wu -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Geometrical Model of Hadronic Collisions -- 3. Do the Limiting Values Exist? -- 4. Relativistic Quantum Gauge Theory -- 5. Theoretical Prediction of Increasing Total Cross Sections -- 6. Phenomenology and Predictions -- 7. Production Processes at the LHC -- 8. Conclusion and Discussions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Gravity and its Mysteries: Some Thoughts and Speculations A. Zee -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Graviton Knows About Everything -- 3. The Proton Lifetime as an Analogy.

4. Could Gravity be Part of a Larger Structure? -- 5. The Horizon -- 6. The Gravitational Field is Not Just Another Field -- 7. Unimodular Gravity -- 8. Equivalence Principle -- 9. The Extreme Ultra Infrared -- 10. The Universe is Secretly Acausal but only the Universe Knows About It -- 11. Induced Gravity -- 12. Ever More Speculative Ways Out -- 13. Reversal of Fortune -- 14. Hierarchy Problems -- 15. The Coincidence Problem -- 16. Closing Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- Geometric Phase and Chiral Anomaly -- their Basic Differences K. Fujikawa -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Second Quantized Formulation -- 2.1. Hidden local symmetry -- 2.2. Parallel transport and holonomy -- 2.3. Non-adiabatic phase: Cyclic evolution -- 2.4. Non-adiabatic phase: Non-cyclic evolution -- 2.5. Geometric phase for mixed states -- 3. Exactly Solvable Example -- 4. Chiral Anomaly -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Consequences of a Minimal Length L. N. Chang -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Model Kinetic Equations with Non-Boltzmann Properties B. H. J. McKellar, I. Okuniewicz and J. Quach -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Model of Friedland, McKellar and Okuniewicz -- 3. Two Body Correlations -- 4. The BBGKY Equations and the Evolution of the Single Particle Density Matrix -- 5. The Boltzmann Equation and its Failure in the Model -- 6. Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Rigid Limit in N = 2 Supergravity and Weak-Gravity Conjecture T. Eguchi and Y. Tachikawa -- 1. Introduction -- 2. An Example -- 2.1. A Calabi Yau and the rigid limit -- 2.2. Behavior of the Kähler potential -- 3. Explicit Description of Logarithmic Periods -- 4. Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Five Decades After the Revolution: How Much Do We Know About the Neutrino? N.-P. Chang -- Interacting Multi-Component Fermions and the Yang-Baxter Equation: Future Prospects M. T. Batchelor.

Free Electron Laser Developments in China Z.-T. Zhao -- Prospect of Particle Physics in China H. S. Chen -- 1. Particle Physics in China -- 2. Beijing Electron Positron Collider -- 3. Non-accelerator Based Experiment -- 4. BEPCII: High Luminosity Double-Ring Collider -- 5. Professor C. N. Yang's Contribution to the Particle Physics in China -- 6. Particle Physics in 21st Century -- 7. Chinese Particle Physics in 21st Century -- Statistical Physics, Condensed Matter and Biophysics -- Nearsightedness of Electronic Matter W. Kohn -- Complex Cooperative Behaviour in Range-Free Frustrated Many-Body Systems D. Sherrington -- 1. Introduction -- 2. General Structure and Features -- 3. The Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Model -- 4. Beyond Magnetic Alloys -- 4.1. The SK model as an optimization exercise -- 4.2. Simulated annealling -- 4.3. p-spin spin glass, satisfiability and error-correction -- 4.4. Interacting agents -- 4.4.1. The Minority Game -- 5. Critical Behaviour and Correlation Length -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Asymmetric Heat Conduction in Nonlinear Systems B. Hu -- The Spin-Charge Gauge Approach to the Theory of Doped Mott Insulators L. Yu -- Direct and Non-Demolition Optical Measurement of Pure Spin Currents in Semiconductors J. Wang, B.-F. Zhu and R.-B. Liu -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Physical Model -- 3. Spin Current Faraday Rotation -- 4. Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- From BCS to HTS and RTS C. W. Chu -- 1. Introduction -- 2. A Practical Room Temperature Superconductor -- 3. Some Interesting Claims -- 4. Some Visionary Predictions -- 5. Common Features of Superconductivity with High Tc -- 6. The Enlightened Empirical Approach -- 7. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- The Fibonacci Model and the Temperley-Lieb Algebra L. H. Kau.man and S. J. Lomonaco, Jr. -- 1. Introduction.

2. The Bracket Polynomial and the Jones Polynomial -- 3. Unitary Representations of the Braid Group and the Fibonacci Model -- References -- Yang-Baxter Equation and Quantum Periodic Toda Lattice L. Takhtajan -- Atomic-Scale Structure: From Surfaces to Nanomaterials M. A. Van Hove -- Topological Quantum Numbers and Phase Transitions in Matter D. Thouless -- Professor C. N. Yang and Statistical Mechanics F. Y. Wu -- 1. Introduction -- 2. A Quasi-chemical Mean-.eld Model of Phase Transition -- 3. Spontaneous Magnetization of the Ising Model -- 3.1. Universality of the critical exponent β -- 3.2. An integral equation -- 4. Fundamental Theory of Phase Transitions -- 4.1. The existence of the thermodynamic limit -- 4.2. The Yang-Lee circle theorem and beyond -- 5. The Quantization of Magnetic Flux -- 6. The O.-Diagonal Long-Range Order -- 7. The Heisenberg Spin Chain and the 6-vertex Model -- 7.1. The Heisenberg spin chain -- 7.2. The 6-vertex model -- 8. One-dimensional Delta Function Gases -- 8.1. The Bose gas -- 8.2. The Fermi gas -- 9. The Yang-Baxter Equation -- 9.1. Knot invariants -- 9.2. The Yangian -- 10. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- A Few Pieces of Mathematics Inspired by Real Biological Data B. L. Hao -- 1. Symbolic Sequences from Biology -- 2. Necessity to Study Real Biological Data -- 3. Fine Structure in One-Dimensional K-String Histograms of Randomized Bacterial Genomes -- 4. Number of True and Redundant Missing Strings in Bacterial Genomes -- 5. Fractal Dimensions Behind the K. 8 Limit of To-Dimensional Histograms -- 6. Significant Improvement of Bacterial Phylogeny by Simple Markov Subtraction -- 7. Decomposition and Reconstruction of Protein Sequences: The Problem of Uniqueness -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Spin Precession and Interference in Two-Dimensional Electron Gas C.-R. Chang and J.-S. Yang.

1. Introduction.