Cover -- Half-title -- Series-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Contributor Biographies -- Foreword -- Preface -- Setting the Stage: A Personal Perspective -- Disaster Nomenclature -- Concept of Disaster Preparation -- Format of the Book -- The Time is Right -- Acknowledgments -- Part I Conceptual Framework and Strategic Overview -- 1 Disaster Research and Epidemiology -- Overview -- Defining Disaster -- Historical Overview of Disaster Research -- Early Disaster Research -- Epidemiology, Public Health, and Emergency Medicine -- Current State of the Art -- Disaster Research Methods -- Disaster Research Objectives -- Disaster Research Settings -- Disaster Research Variables -- Disaster Research Study Designs -- Disaster Research Data Collection -- Mixed Method Disaster Research -- Geographical Information Systems and Disaster Research -- Ethics in Disaster Research -- Disaster Vulnerability -- DisasterMorbidity and Mortality -- Patterns of Morbidity and Mortality by Disaster Type -- Consistency of Estimation Methods -- Recommendations for Further Research -- REFERENCES -- 2 Disaster Education and Training: Linking Individual and Organizational Learning and Performance -- OVERVIEW -- STATE OF THE ART -- Disaster Health -- Operational System -- Emergency Management Program Development Cycle -- Developing a Disaster Education and Training Program -- Examples of Disaster Education and Training Programs -- Public -- First Responders -- The National Domestic Preparedness Consortium -- Collaborative Medical Readiness Initiative -- Awareness -- Management -- Integration -- Urban Search and Rescue -- Hospitals and Healthcare Systems -- General Medical Audiences -- National Disaster Life Support Courses -- University Programs -- Recommendations for Further Research -- Summary -- REFERENCES -- 3 Surge Capacity.

Overview of the Problem -- Defining Surge Capacity -- Current State of the Art -- Prepared for What ? -- Outcomes-based Planning -- Assumptions in Surge Capacity Planning -- Dynamic Capabilities in Surge Capacity -- Defining Surge Requirements -- Local Surge Planning and Coordination -- Metropolitan Medical Response System -- Alternate Care System Development: The Stratification of Care Model -- Healthcare Facility Surge Capacity -- Examples of Local Level Resources and Tools -- Hospital and Healthcare Facility Surge Options -- Local Staff Support Options -- Regional Support -- Emergency Management Assistance Compacts -- Medical Reserve Corps -- U.S. National Planning for Surge Capacity -- National Disaster Medical System Teams -- Strategic National Stockpile -- Additional Staff Surge Capacity -- The US Public Health Service Commission Corps -- US Department of Defense Surge Capacity Resources -- Burn Surge -- Other Considerations -- Staff -- Outpatients -- Transfer -- Building Resiliency and Sustainable Surge Capacity -- Recommendations for Further Research -- REFERENCES -- 4 International Perspectives on Disaster Management -- OVERVIEW -- State of the Art -- Thirty Years of Steady Improvement in the Approach to Preparedness -- From Preparing the Response to Mitigating the Impact -- From Mitigating to Integrating in the Development Process -- Shift in the Institutional Approach -- Institutionalization of Knowledge -- Broadening the Approach to Include Multiple Institutions -- Recommendations for Further Research -- Striking the Appropriate Balance between International Response and National Preparedness -- Strengthening Emergency Medicine -- Improving Donations and Countering Disaster Myths -- Improving Knowledge Discovery -- Strengthening the All-Hazard Approach -- Toward Stronger Interagency Cooperation -- Addressing Climate Change and Security.

A Stronger Scientific and Professional Approach -- Reconstruction -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- 5 Ethical Issues in Disaster Medicine -- Overview -- CURRENT STATE OF THE ART -- The Spectrum of Disaster Dilemmas -- THEORIES OF MEDICAL ETHICS -- The Disaster Context -- Distributing Scarce Resources: The Prominence of Justice -- Justice - Only a Partial Answer -- Triage and Rationing: Greatest Good for the Greatest Number -- Limits of Utilitarianism -- Code of Ethics and Disaster Response -- Codes of Medical Ethics -- American Medical Association Code of Ethics -- Duty to Respond: Social Contract -- VIRTUE: A Transcendent and Timeless Ethic -- Empathy -- Shared Power and Control -- Self-Disclosure -- Confirmation -- Team Leaders: Models and Mentors of Virtue -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH -- REFERENCES -- 6 Emerging Infectious Diseases: Concepts in Preparing for and Responding to the Next Microbial Threat -- INTRODUCTION -- OVERVIEW -- The Threat of Emerging Infectious Diseases -- Infectious Diseases and Disaster Medicine -- The Infectious Agent -- The Disease -- Transmission of the Infectious Agent -- Response Personnel -- Resources -- The Public -- Ethics and Law -- Terrorism -- STATE OF THE ART -- Disaster Response Plans -- Local, State, and National Systems -- Hospital Emergency Management Systems -- Mechanisms to Prevent Disease Transmission in the Community -- Science and Technology -- Identification and Characterization of the Agent -- Diagnostic Assays -- Therapeutics -- Vaccines -- Government Incentives -- Dual-use Risk -- Surveillance -- National Surveillance Efforts -- International Surveillance Efforts -- Workforce Preparedness -- Public Health Workforce -- Public Safety Workforce -- Healthcare Facility Workforce -- International Workforce -- Response Communications -- International Communication -- National Response Communication.

Communication with the Public -- Resource Management -- National Resources -- Hospital Resources -- Allocation of Resources -- A Specific Case: 2009 H1N1 Pandemic Influenza and Resource Availability -- Preparedness Practice Exercises -- Modeling -- Evaluation -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH -- Preparedness -- Preparedness Strategies -- EID Surveillance -- Research -- Basic Research -- Drug and Vaccine Development -- EID Surveillance Research -- REFERENCES -- 7 Disaster Mental and Behavioral Health -- OVERVIEW -- RANGE AND TIMELINE OF TYPICAL REACTIONS -- Distress Reactions -- Changes in Behavior -- STATE OF THE ART -- Adherence to Public Health Measures -- Management of Demand Surge -- Psychiatric Dysfunction and Clinical Disorders -- Understanding Community and Social Support Factors -- APPROACHES FOR SCREENING, TRIAGE, AND REFERRAL -- Longitudinal Incident Management -- PREVENTING AND MANAGING PSYCHOLOGICAL INJURIES -- Estimates of Disaster-related Behavioral Health Casualties -- Basic Disaster Mental and Behavioral Health Intervention -- Early Intervention -- Psychological First Aid -- BEHAVIORAL PREPAREDNESS FOR DISASTER RESPONDERS -- Responder Resilience -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 8 Special Needs Populations -- OVERVIEW -- STATE OF THE ART -- A Social Vulnerability Perspective -- Age -- Income -- Race and Ethnicity -- Gender -- Disability -- Language and Literacy -- Congregate Facilities -- Immigrants and International Visitors -- Intersected Vulnerabilities -- The Life Cycle of Emergency Management and Special Needs -- Preparedness -- Know the Community -- Training and Education -- Public Education -- Registries -- Evacuation -- Response -- Shelters -- Continuity of Care -- Recovery -- Recovery Planning -- Debris -- Psychological -- Reestablishing Medical Facilities -- Mitigation.

Emerging Policies and Practices -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH -- Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- Part II Operational Issues -- 9 Public Health and Emergency Management Systems -- INTRODUCTION -- CURRENT STATE OF THE ART -- Overview of Public Health and Emergency Management Systems -- National Disaster Medical System -- National Response Plan/National Response Framework -- Strategic National Stockpile -- Metropolitan Medical Response System -- Weapons of Mass Destruction Act of 1996 -- Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-296) -- Homeland Security Presidential Directives -- Bioterrorism Focus and Funding -- The Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 -- Health Resources and Services Administration National Bioterrorism Hospital Preparedness Program -- CDC'UnicodeCharacterx0027's Cooperative Agreement on Public Health Preparedness and Response for Bioterrorism -- The All-Hazards Approach - Comprehensive Emergency Management -- The Incident Command System -- Interconnectivity of Healthcare Systems, Public Health, and Emergency Management -- Management of Volunteers -- National Disaster Medical System Volunteers -- Medical Reserve Corps -- American Red Cross -- Community Emergency Response Team -- Other Volunteer Initiatives -- National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster -- Convergent Volunteerism -- Volunteer Credential and the U.S. Emergency System for Advance Registration of Volunteer Health Professionals -- Communications -- U.S. National Response Plan/National Response Framework -- National Incident Management System -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH -- National Response Framework Implementation -- Change in Population Focus -- Medical and Health Incident Management (and Other) System Changes -- Funding and Support -- Global Public Health and Emergency Management -- Conclusion.

REFERENCES.