CONTENTS -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- 1. Overview of the demographic, economic and social environment -- 1.1 Demographic trends -- 1.2 Economic situation and labour market trends -- 1.2.1 Recent economic performance -- 1.2.2 Labour market trends -- 1.3 Household incomes and inequality -- 1.3.1 Composition of incomes -- 1.3.2 Distribution of incomes and inequality -- 1.4 Selected human development indicators -- 2. The poor and the poorest: Living conditions and vulnerability -- 2.1 Contemporary poverty -- 2.2 Trends in poverty: 1991-2006 -- 2.3 Living conditions of the poor -- 2.4 Vulnerability -- 2.5 Conclusions -- 3. Degrees of informality: Prevailing patterns in the Zambian labour market and social security coverage -- 3.1 How people work: The employment status of the population -- 3.2 Where people work: Employment by legal form of establishment -- 3.3 Paid employees -- 3.4 Informality of employment -- 3.5 Conclusions -- 4. Social protection schemes -- 4.1 Contributory and other employment related schemes -- 4.1.1 The National Pensions Scheme Authority (NAPSA) -- 4.1.2 Public Service Pension Fund (PSPF) -- 4.1.3 Local Authorities Superannuation Fund (LASF) -- 4.1.4 Workers Compensation Fund Control Board -- 4.1.5 Comparison of selected characteristics of contributory social security schemes -- 4.1.6 Occupational pension schemes -- 4.1.7 Pension system regulation -- 4.1.8 Other employment-related benefits -- 4.1.9 Extending coverage by contributory schemes to uncovered informal-economy workers -- 4.1.10 Micro-insurance in zambia -- 4.1.11 Conclusion -- 4.2 Non-contributory programmes -- 4.2.1 Introduction -- 4.2.2 Main characteristics of individual non-contributory programmes -- 4.2.3 Conclusions: Opportunities and challenges to extend social protection coverage -- 4.3 Zambia's health system -- 4.3.1 Introduction.

4.3.2 Current distribution of health care resources -- 4.3.3 Structure of public-sector health care financing and expenditure -- 4.3.4 Coverage of health services -- 4.3.5 Conclusions -- 5. Government expenditure and Zambia's Social Budget -- 5.1 Government expenditure -- 5.2 Development cooperation and Government fiscal space -- 5.3 Zambia's Social Budget: 2005 and 2006 -- 5.3.1 Health -- 5.3.2 Education -- 5.3.3 Social security schemes -- 5.3.4 Short-term and social assistance benefits -- 5.4 Challenges in the provision of social protection in the country -- 6. Future trends in social expenditure and financing -- 6.1 Demographic and labour force trends -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- Appendix A. The Zambian Social Budget model -- 1. The logic of the Social Budget model -- 2. Population and labour market module -- 3. Economic module -- 4. Pension module -- 5. Social expenditure module -- 6. Government module -- 7. Social Budget -- Appendix B. Population projections -- 1. Application of the ILO-POP model to Zambia -- 2. Comparison of model results with projections from different sources -- 3. Reasons for using the ILO-POP model -- Appendix C. Data issues -- 1. Government accounts -- 2. Labour market statistics -- 3. Information from pension schemes -- 4. Social assistance programmes -- Appendix D. Tables of the Social Budget model.