Balkan Syntax and Semantics -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC page -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Notes -- Map of the Balkans -- List of abbreviations -- The Balkan Sprachbund properties -- 1. Overview -- 1.1. Origin -- 1.2. Membership -- 1.3. Shared properties -- 2. Nominal cases and articles -- 2.1. Vocative case forms -- 2.2. Accusative case forms and case markers -- 2.3. Dative/genitive case forms and case markers -- 2.4. Position and use of the definite articles -- 3. Pronominal clitics -- 3.1. Pronominal clitics functioning in the clause -- 3.2. Clitic doubling -- 3.3. Impersonal pronominal clitics -- 3.4. Possessive pronominal clitics -- 4. Subjunctives -- 4.1. Subjunctives as complements of modal and intentional verbs -- 4.2. Subjunctive constructions as modifiers -- 4.3. Bare subjunctive constructions -- 4.4. Future tenses -- 5. Evidentials -- 5.1. Balkan Slavic -- 5.2. Albanian -- 5.3. Balkan Romance -- 5.4. Confirmative and nonconfirmative evidentials -- 6. Concluding remarks -- Notes -- References -- Spread of the Balkan Sprachbund morpho-syntactic properties -- On the areal distribution of syntactic properties in the languages of the Balkans -- 1. The goal of Balkan linguistics -- 2. Critics of the concepts Balkanism and Balkan Sprachbund -- 3. Between the normal Slavic type and the standard average European type -- 4. Standard Language versus dialect -- 5. The Balkan Language Atlas -- 5.1. History of the project -- 5.2. The Small Dialectological Atlas of the Balkan Languages -- 6. The areal distribution of some syntactic properties in the languages of the Balkans -- 7. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Appendix: Maps -- The typology of Balkan evidentiality and areal linguistics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. General considerations -- 3. Balkan Slavic -- 4. Albanian -- 5. Balkan Romance -- 6. Romani -- 7. Greek.

8. Explanations -- Notes -- References -- The nominal phrase -- Polydefinite constructions in Modern Greek and in Aromanian -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Some background information -- 3. Differences between polydefinite and monadic constructions -- 3.1. Syntactic differences -- 3.2. Semantic differences -- 3.3. Phonological/Prosodic differences -- 3.4. Polydefinites and the direct/indirect-modification distinction -- 4. Other syntactic analyses -- 4.1. Tredinnick (1992) -- 4.2. Androutsopoulou (1995) -- 4.3. Kolliakou (1999) -- 4.4. Alexiadou and Wilder (1998) -- 4.5. Campos (2000) -- 4.6. Manolessou (2000) -- 5. A proposal for polydefinite structures -- 5.1. Articled adjectives and predicativity -- 5.2. A structure for the polydefinite construction -- 6. Summary -- Notes -- References -- Balkan possessive clitics -- 1. Overview -- 2. Background -- 3. Possessive clitics - dative or genitive? -- 3.1. The morpho-phonological identity of possessive and indirect object clitics -- 3.2. Historical considerations -- 3.3. Possessor raising of clitics -- 3.4. Possessive clitics, non-clitic pronouns, and non-pronominal DPs -- 3.5. Clitic doubling -- 3.6. Summary of case issues -- 4. Heads or arguments? -- 5. Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Optional movement of Bulgarian possessive clitics to I -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Movement of possessive clitics to the head of IP -- 3. Binding, complementarity, and locality -- 4. Movement of possessive clitics - implications for locality constraints on binding -- 5. Locality constraints on binding in Bulgarian -- 6. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- The root clause -- Datives and the non-active voice -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Dative Existential Disclosure -- 2.1. Balkan D-Disclosure constructions -- 3. The analysis of D-Disclosure -- 4. The E-Strategy -- 4.1. The E-Strategy and Argument Saturation (passives/impersonals).

4.2. The E-Strategy and Argument Suppression (anticausatives) -- 4.3. The Syntactic distribution of D-Disclosure and the E-Strategy -- 4.4. The E-Strategy and compositionality -- 5. Summary and conclusions -- Notes -- References -- On the clitic switch in Greek imperatives -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Imperatives -- 3. Accusative-dative clitic switch -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Complementizer-headed main clauses for volitional moods in the languages of South-Eastern Europe -- 1. The phenomenon -- 2. Terminology for the volitional moods -- 3. Labeling the functions of complementizer-headed main clauses in a Balkan language: Albanian -- 4. Optative-hortatives in Europe and beyond -- 5. The makeup of the independent modal complementizer clauses in the languages of the Eastern half of Southern Europe -- 6. Change in complementation in the languages of South-Eastern Europe -- 7. Retracing the development of modal complementation -- 8. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Mood and force features in the languages of the Balkans -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Mood head in the languages of the Balkans -- 3. Two classes of imperatives -- 4. True Balkan imperatives and clitics -- 4.1. [Imperative V + Cl] orders -- 4.2. The subjunctive particle -- 4.3. [Cl + Imperative V] orders -- 5. Balkan imperatives and negation -- 5.1. The nature of the negative marker -- 5.2. The type of checking mechanism involved -- 5.3. The exact head that checks the imperative force in Mood -- 6. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- On left periphery and focus -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Word order in Romanian and Bulgarian -- 2.1. Topic-Focus in root clauses -- 2.2. Topic and Focus in embedded clauses -- 2.3. Preverbal subjects -- 2.4. Adjacency between Focus and Verb -- 3. Syncretism of [focus/tense] -- 3.1. Indicative complements -- 3.2. Subjunctives -- 3.3. Infinitives.

4. Targets for Focus -- 5. Summary and conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Syncretic and analytic tenses in Romanian -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Giorgi and Pianesi's (1997) framework: From Latin to Romance -- 3. Early Romanian futures -- 4. Contrasts between Modern Romanian and Western Romance -- 5. T1 and T2 in modern Romanian -- 6. AgrS in modern Romanian -- 7. Subjunctive and sa in modern Romanian -- 8. Back to the future -- 9. Conclusions: Future in the Past -- Notes -- References -- The complex sentence -- Subjunctive relatives in Balkan languages -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Syntactic properties of object subjunctive relatives -- 3. Semantic structure of object subjunctive relatives -- 4. Functions and properties of OSR -- 4.1. Lexical and modal semantics of the matrix verb -- 4.2. Reference relations: Humanness and reference constraints -- 4.3. Aspectual semantics of the verb in the subjunctive relative -- 5. Irrealis propositional modalities -- 6. Purpose - modification continuum -- 6.1. The graphic representation of scalarity in meaning -- 6.2. Balkan illustrations of scalarity between modification and purpose -- 7. Possessive vs. existential subjunctive relatives -- 7.1. Bleaching of possessive meaning -- 7.2. Negated possessive `have' -- 7.3. Existential subjunctive relatives -- 8. Subject control -- 8.1. Predicative subjunctive relatives -- 8.2. Subject subjunctive relatives -- 9. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- The syntax-semantics of modal existential wh constructions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The bare CP status of MECs -- 3. Similarities and differences between MECs and interrogatives -- 4. Properties of MECs and their analysis -- 4.1. Properties of MECs -- 5. Summary and conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Interpreting empty subjects in nontensed complement clauses -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Control theory.

3. Crosslinguistic variation and the acquisition of control -- 4. Control in Serbian and Croatian -- 5. Interpretation of empty subjects in (non)-finite complement clauses in Serbian and Croatian -- 5.1. Experimental design -- 5.2. Results -- 6. Discussion -- Notes -- References -- On Judeo-Spanish conditionals -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Conditionals in Spanish and Judeo-Spanish -- 3. Conditionals in Greek and Turkish -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Author index -- Index of languages, dialects and toponyms -- Subject index -- The series Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today.