Ecological Engineering Design -- Contents -- 1. SUSTAINABLE HUMAN-DOMINATED ECOSYSTEMS -- Introduction -- Axioms of Ecological Engineering -- Sustainable Design Principles -- Global Population Dynamics-The Forcing Function -- Global Fertility Rate Trajectories -- Changing Global Demographics -- Human-Dominated Earth -- Increasing Demands for Ecosystem Services -- Human Impacts through Urbanization -- Land Use Change -- Agricultural Production -- Water Resource Demands -- Lessons from the First Green Revolution -- Structure of This Book -- References -- 2. ECOSYSTEM SERVICES -- Introduction -- Origin of Ecosystem Services -- The Value of Ecosystem Services -- Classifying Ecosystem Services -- The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment -- Why Biodiversity Matters -- Ecosystem Services, Land Use, and Biodiversity -- Further Readings -- References -- 3. DESIGNING ECOSYSTEM SERVICES -- Design Challenges and Needs -- Current Design Methods Deficiencies -- Ecosystem Services Design Ethics -- Legitimacy and the Design Process -- The Design Process -- Synthesis -- The Ecotechnology Design Team -- Defining the Appropriate Management Structure -- Analysis and Deliberation -- Mapping Ecosystem Services Processes -- Defining Priorities -- Setting Design Goals -- Implementing Design Goals -- Assessing Ecosystem Services Design -- Further Readings -- References -- 4. DEFINING PLACE: BIOMES AND ECOREGIONS -- Introduction -- Biogeographical Realms -- Biomes -- Ecoregions -- Bailey's Ecoregions -- Omernik's Ecoregions -- Olson's Ecoregions -- Other Land Classification Systems -- Climate Change and Ecoregions -- Land Use Change and Ecoregions -- References -- 5. DEFINING PLACE: THE WATERSHED -- Introduction -- Watershed Services -- Watershed Characteristics: Physical Description -- Watershed Hydrologic Characteristics -- Watershed Water Quality Characteristics.

Watershed Human Impacts -- Summary of Watershed Characteristics -- Further Readings -- References -- 6. DEFINING PLACE: THE SITE -- Introduction -- Physical Characterization -- Hydrological Characterization -- Biological Characterization -- Climatological Characterization -- Summary -- Further Readings -- References -- 7. DEFINING PLACE: SOILS AS A LIVING ORGANISM -- Introduction -- Morphology -- Soil Physics -- Soil Fertility -- Soil Ecology -- Summary -- Further Readings -- References -- 8. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY FOR DESIGN -- Introduction -- Fundamental Principles of Ecology -- Organisms and Place -- Adaptation Processes -- Responses to Environmental Variation -- Landforms and Ecosystem Function -- Patches, Corridors, and Connectivity -- Ecotones and Edge Effects -- Landform Metrics -- Further Readings -- References -- 9. ENERGY AND MASS FLOW THROUGH ECOSYSTEMS -- Introduction -- Energy Flow through Ecosystems -- Energy Balance in the Biosphere -- Emergy as a Unit of Analysis -- Trophic Levels -- Energy Density -- Primary Production -- Designing Trophic Levels -- Mass Flow through Ecosystems -- Hydrologic Cycle -- Carbon Cycle -- Nitrogen Cycle -- Phosphorus Cycle -- References -- 10. DESIGNING COMMUNITY STRUCTURE -- Introduction -- Hierarchical Processes -- Types of Restoration Design -- Biotic Interactions -- Community Interactions -- Competition -- Consumption -- Commensalism -- Metapopulations -- Species-Area Relationship -- Minimum Viable Populations -- Minimum Viable Metapopulations -- Regional Processes -- Species Pool -- Dispersal -- Colonization Sequence -- Dispersion -- Environmental and Habitat Impacts -- Abiotic Filters -- Disturbance Regimes -- Habitat Heterogeneity -- References -- 11. ECOSYSTEM CONTROL AND FEEDBACK SYSTEMS -- Introduction -- Population Control Processes -- Reproductive Strategies -- Survivorship.

Growth Rates -- Community Control Processes -- Plants and Nutrients -- Resource Competition -- Feedback Processes -- Atmospheric Feedback Loops -- Soil Feedback Loops -- Consumer Feedback Loops -- Designing Ecosystem Complexity -- Self-Organization -- References -- 12. STREAM RESTORATION DESIGN -- Introduction -- Assessment -- Hydrology -- Sedimentology -- Geomorphology -- Habitat -- Connectivity -- Riparian Corridor -- Construction -- Summary -- Further Readings -- References -- 13. DESIGNING ECOSYSTEM SERVICES BY LANDFORM -- Introduction -- Ecosystem Services Design Process -- Agricultural Lands -- Forests -- Grasslands -- Wetlands -- Urban Areas -- References -- 14. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGN -- Introduction -- The Green Infrastructure Network -- Green Infrastructure Planning -- The Tools of Green Infrastructure -- Scale Matters -- The Sustainable Cities Initiative -- United Nations World Urban Forum -- ICLEI: Local Governments for Sustainability -- Summary -- Further Readings -- References -- 15. LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT -- Introduction -- Hydrology -- Initial Steps -- Minimizing Change to Pre-development CN -- Maintaining or Increasing tc -- Integrated Management Practices -- Bioretention -- Dry Wells -- Rain Barrels and Cisterns -- Vegetated or Grassed Swales -- Infiltration Trenches -- Tree Box Filters -- Vegetated or Green Roofs -- Filter Strips -- Rain Gardens -- Water Quality -- Minimization -- Natural Filtration -- Constructed Filtration -- Evaporation -- Pollution Prevention -- Hydrologic Analysis -- Refugia -- Ecosystem System Services Assessment/Design -- Step 1: Define Project Objectives and Goals -- Step 2: Perform Site Evaluation and Analysis -- Step 3: Develop LID Control Strategies -- Step 4: Design LID Site or Master Plan -- Step 5: Develop Operation and Maintenance Procedures -- Summary -- Further Readings -- References.

16. ECOSYSTEM SERVICES DESIGN IN AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY -- Introduction -- Agricultural Sustainability Indicators -- Summary of Sustainability Indicators -- Environmental Indicators for Soil -- Environmental Indicators for Water -- Environmental Indicators for Habitat -- Social and Cultural Indicators -- Economic Indicators -- Field-Scale Indicators -- Industrial Sustainability Metrics -- Step One: Scope Selection -- Step Two: Identify Priority Ecosystem Services -- Step Three: Analyze Trends in Priority Ecosystem Services -- Step Four: Identify Business Risks and Opportunities -- Step Five: Develop Strategies for Addressing Risks and Opportunities -- References -- Index.