Contents -- Introduction: Matching Social and Ecological Chronologies in the Pyrenees -- 1. The Presence of the Past: A Historical Ecology of Basque Commons and the French State -- 2. Local Places, Global Influences: Pastoralism in Xiberoa and EU Regulation -- 3. Some Lessons from History: Change and Adaptation in the Common Forests of Navarre, 1900-1935 -- 4. Social and Environmental Conflicts in the Planning and Management of Natural Resources inthe Aragon's Pyrenees: The Case of los Valles Occidentales -- 5. Highlands and Lowlands: Political Ecology and Territorial Conflict -- 6. Twenty-first Century Transhumants: Social and Economic Change in the Alta Ribagorça -- 7. Pastoralism and Heritage in the Central Pyrenees: Symbolic Values and Social Conflicts -- 8. Shepherds, Hydroelectric Stations, and Ski Resorts: The Pallars Sobirà Landscape -- 9. Rusticity, Wild Flora and Fauna Patterns, and Identity in a Valley of Cadí (Alt Urgell) -- 10. Tobacco in the Pyrenees? The Ecological Politics of Tobacco in Andorra, a Micro-State in a Global Market -- 11. Localism as Nationalism in the Eastern Pyrenees -- 12. Management of Environment and Landscapes in Mountain Areas: Social Representations, Actors, and Institutions in a Regional Natural Park -- 13. Landscape Management and Evolution: The Montseny Natural Park -- Index -- About the Authors.