Advanced Control of Aircraft, Spacecraft and Rockets -- Contents -- Series Preface -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Notation and Basic Definitions -- 1.2 Control Systems -- 1.2.1 Linear Tracking Systems -- 1.2.2 Linear Time-Invariant Tracking Systems -- 1.3 Guidance and Control of Flight Vehicles -- 1.4 Special Tracking Laws -- 1.4.1 Proportional Navigation Guidance -- 1.4.2 Cross-Product Steering -- 1.4.3 Proportional-Integral-Derivative Control -- 1.5 Digital Tracking System -- 1.6 Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 2 Optimal Control Techniques -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Multi-variable Optimization -- 2.3 Constrained Minimization -- 2.3.1 Equality Constraints -- 2.3.2 Inequality Constraints -- 2.4 Optimal Control of Dynamic Systems -- 2.4.1 Optimality Conditions -- 2.5 The Hamiltonian and the Minimum Principle -- 2.5.1 Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equation -- 2.5.2 Linear Time-Varying System with Quadratic Performance Index -- 2.6 Optimal Control with End-Point State Equality Constraints -- 2.6.1 Euler-Lagrange Equations -- 2.6.2 Special Cases -- 2.7 Numerical Solution of Two-Point Boundary Value Problems -- 2.7.1 Shooting Method -- 2.7.2 Collocation Method -- 2.8 Optimal Terminal Control with Interior Time Constraints -- 2.8.1 Optimal Singular Control -- 2.9 Tracking Control -- 2.9.1 Neighboring Extremal Method and Linear Quadratic Control -- 2.10 Stochastic Processes -- 2.10.1 Stationary Random Processes -- 2.10.2 Filtering of Random Noise -- 2.11 Kalman Filter -- 2.12 Robust Linear Time-Invariant Control -- 2.12.1 LQG/LTR Method -- 2.12.2 H2/H∞ Design Methods -- 2.13 Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 3 Optimal Navigation and Control of Aircraft -- 3.1 Aircraft Navigation Plant -- 3.1.1 Wind Speed and Direction -- 3.1.2 Navigational Subsystems -- 3.2 Optimal Aircraft Navigation -- 3.2.1 Optimal Navigation Formulation.

3.2.2 Extremal Solution of the Boundary-Value Problem: Long-Range Flight Example -- 3.2.3 Great Circle Navigation -- 3.3 Aircraft Attitude Dynamics -- 3.3.1 Translational and Rotational Kinetics -- 3.3.2 Attitude Relative to the Velocity Vector -- 3.4 Aerodynamic Forces and Moments -- 3.5 Longitudinal Dynamics -- 3.5.1 Longitudinal Dynamics Plant -- 3.6 Optimal Multi-variable Longitudinal Control -- 3.7 Multi-input Optimal Longitudinal Control -- 3.8 Optimal Airspeed Control -- 3.8.1 LQG/LTR Design Example -- 3.8.2 H∞ Design Example -- 3.8.3 Altitude and Mach Control -- 3.9 Lateral-Directional Control Systems -- 3.9.1 Lateral-Directional Plant -- 3.9.2 Optimal Roll Control -- 3.9.3 Multi-variable Lateral-Directional Control: Heading-Hold Autopilot -- 3.10 Optimal Control of Inertia-Coupled Aircraft Rotation -- 3.11 Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 4 Optimal Guidance of Rockets -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Optimal Terminal Guidance of Interceptors -- 4.3 Non-planar Optimal Tracking System for Interceptors: 3DPN -- 4.4 Flight in a Vertical Plane -- 4.5 Optimal Terminal Guidance -- 4.6 Vertical Launch of a Rocket (Goddard's Problem) -- 4.7 Gravity-Turn Trajectory of Launch Vehicles -- 4.7.1 Launch to Circular Orbit: Modulated Acceleration -- 4.7.2 Launch to Circular Orbit: Constant Acceleration -- 4.8 Launch of Ballistic Missiles -- 4.8.1 Gravity-Turn with Modulated Forward Acceleration -- 4.8.2 Modulated Forward and Normal Acceleration -- 4.9 Planar Tracking Guidance System -- 4.9.1 Stability, Controllability, and Observability -- 4.9.2 Nominal Plant for Tracking Gravity-Turn Trajectory -- 4.10 Robust and Adaptive Guidance -- 4.11 Guidance with State Feedback -- 4.11.1 Guidance with Normal Acceleration Input -- 4.12 Observer-Based Guidance of Gravity-Turn Launch Vehicle -- 4.12.1 Altitude-Based Observer with Normal Acceleration Input.

4.12.2 Bi-output Observer with Normal Acceleration Input -- 4.13 Mass and Atmospheric Drag Modeling -- 4.14 Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 5 Attitude Control of Rockets -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Attitude Control Plant -- 5.3 Closed-Loop Attitude Control -- 5.4 Roll Control System -- 5.5 Pitch Control of Rockets -- 5.5.1 Pitch Program -- 5.5.2 Pitch Guidance and Control System -- 5.5.3 Adaptive Pitch Control System -- 5.6 Yaw Control of Rockets -- 5.7 Summary -- Exercises -- Reference -- 6 Spacecraft Guidance Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Orbital Mechanics -- 6.2.1 Orbit Equation -- 6.2.2 Perifocal and Celestial Frames -- 6.2.3 Time Equation -- 6.2.4 Lagrange's Coefficients -- 6.3 Spacecraft Terminal Guidance -- 6.3.1 Minimum Energy Orbital Transfer -- 6.3.2 Lambert's Theorem -- 6.3.3 Lambert's Problem -- 6.3.4 Lambert Guidance of Rockets -- 6.3.5 Optimal Terminal Guidance of Re-entry Vehicles -- 6.4 General Orbital Plant for Tracking Guidance -- 6.5 Planar Orbital Regulation -- 6.6 Optimal Non-planar Orbital Regulation -- 6.7 Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 7 Optimal Spacecraft Attitude Control -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Terminal Control of Spacecraft Attitude -- 7.2.1 Optimal Single-Axis Rotation of Spacecraft -- 7.3 Multi-axis Rotational Maneuvers of Spacecraft -- 7.4 Spacecraft Control Torques -- 7.4.1 Rocket Thrusters -- 7.4.2 Reaction Wheels, Momentum Wheels and Control Moment Gyros -- 7.4.3 Magnetic Field Torque -- 7.5 Satellite Dynamics Plant for Tracking Control -- 7.6 Environmental Torques -- 7.6.1 Gravity-Gradient Torque -- 7.7 Multi-variable Tracking Control of Spacecraft Attitude -- 7.7.1 Active Attitude Control of Spacecraft by Reaction Wheels -- 7.8 Summary -- Exercises -- References -- Appendix A: Linear Systems -- A.1 Definition -- A.2 Linearization -- A.3 Solution to Linear State Equations.

A.3.1 Homogeneous Solution -- A.3.2 General Solution -- A.4 Linear Time-Invariant System -- A.5 Linear Time-Invariant Stability Criteria -- A.6 Controllability of Linear Time-Invariant Systems -- A.7 Observability of Linear Time-Invariant Systems -- A.8 Transfer Matrix -- A.9 Singular Value Decomposition -- A.10 Linear Time-Invariant Control Design -- A.10.1 Regulator Design by Eigenstructure Assignment -- A.10.2 Regulator Design by Linear Optimal Control -- A.10.3 Linear Observers and Output Feedback Compensators -- References -- Appendix B: Stability -- B.1 Preliminaries -- B.2 Stability in the Sense of Lagrange -- B.3 Stability in the Sense of Lyapunov -- B.3.1 Asymptotic Stability -- B.3.2 Global Asymptotic Stability -- B.3.3 Lyapunov's Theorem -- B.3.4 Krasovski's Theorem -- B.3.5 Lyapunov Stability of Linear Systems -- References -- Appendix C: Control of Underactuated Flight Systems -- C.1 Adaptive Rocket Guidance with Forward Acceleration Input -- C.2 Thrust Saturation and Rate Limits (Increased Underactuation) -- C.3 Single- and Bi-output Observers with Forward Acceleration Input -- References -- Index.