Contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- 1. Introduction: Starting with Neuroscience -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Explanations in Neuroscience Describe Mechanisms -- 3. Explanations in Neuroscience are Multilevel -- 4. Explanations in Neuroscience Integrate Multiple Fields -- 5. Criteria of Adequacy for an Account of Explanation -- 2. Explanation and Causal Relevance -- 1. Introduction -- 2. How Calcium Explains Neurotransmitter Release -- 3. Explanation and Representation -- 4. The Covering-Law Model -- 5. The Unification Model -- 6. But What About the Hodgkin and Huxley Model? -- 7. Conclusion -- 3. Causal Relevance and Manipulation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Mechanism of Long-Term Potentiation -- 3. Causation as Transmission -- 3.1. Transmission and causal relevance -- 3.2. Omission and prevention -- 4. Causation and Mechanical Connection -- 5. Manipulation and Causation -- 5.1. Invariance, fragility, and contingency -- 5.2. Manipulation and criteria for explanation -- 5.3. Manipulation, omission, and prevention -- 6. Conclusion -- 4. The Norms of Mechanistic Explanation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Two Normative Distinctions -- 3. Explaining the Action Potential -- 4. The Explanandum Phenomenon -- 5. Components -- 6. Activities -- 7. Organization -- 8. Constitutive Relevance -- 8.1. Relevance and the boundaries of mechanisms -- 8.2. Interlevel experiments and constitutive relevance -- 8.3. Constitutive relevance as mutual manipulability -- 9. Conclusion -- 5. A Field-Guide to Levels -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Levels of Spatial Memory -- 3. A Field-Guide to Levels -- 3.1. Levels of science (units and products) -- 3.2. Levels of nature -- 3.3. Levels of mechanisms -- 4. Conclusion -- 6. Nonfundamental Explanation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Causal Relevance and Making a Difference -- 3. Contrasts and Switch-points.

4. Causal Powers at Higher Levels of Mechanisms -- 5. Causal Relevance at Higher Levels of Realization -- 6. Conclusion -- 7. The Mosaic Unity of Neuroscience -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Reduction and the History of Neuroscience -- 2.1. LTP's origins: not a top-down search but intralevel integration -- 2.2. The mechanistic shift -- 2.3. Mechanism as a working hypothesis -- 3. Intralevel Integration and the Mosaic Unity of Neuroscience -- 3.1. The space of possible mechanisms -- 3.2. Specific constraints on the space of possible mechanisms -- 3.3. Reduction and the intralevel integration of fields -- 4. Interlevel Integration and the Mosaic Unity of Neuroscience -- 4.1. What is interlevel integration? -- 4.2. Constraints on interlevel integration -- 4.3. Mosaic interlevel integration -- 5. Conclusion: The Epistemic Function of the Mosaic Unity of Neuroscience -- Bibliography -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y.