CONTENTS -- Preface -- Units -- Economic Analysis -- Data Sources -- Chapter 1: World Ethylene Production by Steam Cracking -- North America -- European Union and Russia -- Ethylene Production in the Middle East -- Cracking Operations in the Far East -- South America -- Africa -- Feedstock and Carbon Emissions -- Chapter 2: Chemistry of Olefin Production -- Thermodynamics of Thermal Cracking -- Chemical Kinetics -- Yield of Ethylene and Propylene from Lighter Feedstock -- Thermal Cracking of Larger Molecules -- Reaction Severity -- Differences between Pyrolysis and Catalytic Cracking -- Chapter 3: Gaseous Feedstocks - Production and Price -- Gaseous Feed Stocks from Natural Gas -- LPG from Other Sources - LPG Quality -- Prices of Gaseous Feed Stocks -- Chapter 4: Liquid Feedstock, Production and Price -- Primary Refinery Operations -- Naphtha Quality -- Price of Naphtha and Other Liquid Feed Stocks -- Chapter 5: Value of Products, Storage and Transport -- Products -- Hydrocarbon By-Products -- Storage of LPG -- Transport -- Estimation of Chemical Shipping Costs -- Chapter 6: Carbon Dioxide Emissions -- Carbon Geo-Sequestration -- Removal of Carbon Dioxide from Process Streams -- Removal of Carbon Dioxide from Flue Gas -- Strategies for Reducing Carbon Emissions -- Geo-Sequestration -- The Cost of Carbon Geo-Sequestration -- ECONOMIC ANALYSIS -- Chapter 7: Ethane Cracking -- Feed Requirements and Thermal Efficiency -- Ethylene Production Costs From Ethane -- Carbon Emissions from Ethane Cracking -- Chapter 8: LPG Cracking -- Basic Chemistry of LPG Cracking -- Economics of Propane Cracking -- Economics of Butane Cracking -- Isobutane Cracking -- Carbon Dioxide Emissions in LPG Cracking -- Chapter 9: Liquid Feedstock Cracking -- Economics of Naphtha Cracking -- Gas Oil Cracking -- Carbon Emissions from Naphtha and LSWR Cracking.

Chapter 10: Other Routes to Olefins from Hydrocarbons -- Fluid Cat-Cracking (FCC) -- Catalytic Cracking to Produce Ethylene -- Catalytic Dehydration of Paraffin to Light Olefins -- Olefin Metathesis -- Catalytic Dehydration of Ethanol -- Carbon Emissions from Propane Dehydrogenation -- Chapter 11: Routes to Olefins from Coal -- Coal to Olefins - Current Technology -- Economics of Olefin Production from Coal and Gas -- Coal to Acetylene and Olefins -- Carbon Emissions for Gas and Coal to Olefins -- Chapter 12: Closing Remarks -- Production Economics -- Carbon Emissions -- Catalyst Issues -- APPENDICES -- A1: Abbreviations and Unit Equivalents -- A2. Some Useful Conversion Factors for Fuels and Products -- A3. Cost of Utilities -- A4. Nelson-Farrar Cost Indices -- A5. Location Factors -- A6. Methodology for Economic Analysis -- A7. Indexed Feedstock Costs -- Index.