HISTORICAL CHANGE IN SERIAL VERB CONSTRUCTIONS -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- PREFACE -- CHAPTER I. SERIAL VERBS -- 1.1 Grammaticalization -- 1.2 Case and topic -- 1.3 Data -- CHAPTER 2. LOCATIVE VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS -- 2.1 Locatives in Twi -- 2.2 Locative verbs, prepositions and prefixes -- 2.3 The Locative extended: Yoruba ni -- 2.4 Conclusions -- CHAPTER 3. VERBS AND RECIPIENT/BENEFACTIVE MARKING -- 3.1 Twi verbs of giving -- 3.2 Yoruba 'give to', 'to, for.' -- 3.3 Engenni 'give', 'to, for' -- 3.4 Ewe and Awutu 'give', 'for' -- 3.5 Senufo case markers from 'come' and 'give' -- 3.6 Caribbean Creole parallels -- 3.7 Parallels in Asian languages -- 3.8 Conclusions -- CHAPTER 4. COMITATIVE VERBS, PREPOSITIONSAND CONJUNCTIONS -- 4.1 Twi ne, Engenni nàà, Awutu ne -- 4.2 Gate'with' -- 4.3 Comitative verb, preposition and conjunction:Yoruba kpέlû, Ewe kplé, Fon kpôdô....kpô/kpan -- 4.4 Conclusions -- CHAPTER 5. VERBS AND OBJECT MARKERS -- 5.1 Twi de 'take': marker of oblique NPs, Patients,transitivity/causativity, and definiteness -- 5.1.1 Examples of the particle de -- 5.1.2 Analyses by Riis, Christaller, Stewart, Boadi -- 5.1.3 Evidence for earlier verb status of de -- 5.1.4 Development of de as marker of oblique objects -- 5.1.5 Development of de as Patient marker with verbsthat take Recipient objects -- 5.1.6 Development of de as Patient marker with verbsthat take Factitive objects -- 5.1.7 Development of de as Patient marker with verbsthat take Locative objects -- 5.1.8 Development of de as marker of transitivity/causativity -- 5.1.9 Patient defined in terms of de -- 5.1.10 Parallel with course of development of object markingin children's speech -- 5.1.11 Path of development of serial verb constructionswith causative interpretation.

5.1.12 Coordinate structures as historical source of serial verbconstructions and de construction -- 5.1.13 The de construction and the definite/indefinite object distinction. -- 5.1.14 Conclusions -- 5.2 Mandarin Chinese bă 'take', object marker -- 5.3 Ga kέ as incipient object marker -- 5.4 Idoma object marking -- 5.5 Nupe 'take' -- 5.6 'take' in Dagbani and Gwari -- 5.7 Engenni 'take' -- 5.8 Awutu parallels -- 5.9 Vagala, Kalam and Chickasaw 'take' -- 5.10 Conclusions -- CHAPTER 6. BEYOND CONVENTIONAL CASE ROLES -- 6.1 Akan de-verbal prepositions marking NPsoutside traditional semantic roles -- 6.1.1 Twi gye 'take', 'except' -- 6.1.2 Twi gyaw 'leave', 'without' -- 6.1.3 Fante képìm 'go up to', 'until' -- 6.1.4 Twisen'surpass', 'more than' -- 6.2 Ewe de-verbal prepositions -- 6.3 Coverbs in Vietnamese -- 6.4 Senufo de-verbal postpositions -- 6.5 Conclusions -- CHAPTER 7. COMPLEMENTIZERS AND SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS -- 7.1 Twi se : from verb of comparison to complementizerand subordinating conjunction -- 7.1.1 se as full verb and comparative particle -- 7.1.2 se as complementizer -- 7.1.3 ss as adverbial subordinator introducing clauses of purpose andresult -- 7.1.4 se marking conditional clauses -- 7.1.5 se marking factitive objects -- 7.1.6 se as 'approximately' with objects indicating quantity -- 7.1.7 'sε' marking reason clauses -- 7.1.8 S£ in frozen combinations -- 7.2 Twi se: the verb 'say'as quotative -- 7.3 Comparison of Twi se and se complementizers -- 7.4 Ewe 'say' complementizer and clause introducer -- 7.5 Ga 'say' complementizer and clause introducer -- 7.6 Engenni 'say' complementizer and clause introducer -- 7.7 Gokana 'say' complementizer -- 7.8 Kusal complementizer -- 7.9 Idoma 'say' and 'resemble' verb/complementizers -- 7.10 Parallels in pidgin and creole languages -- 7.11 Overview of some verb/complementizer correspondences.

7.12 Conclusions -- CHAPTER 8. ADVERBS AND AUXILIARIES FROM VERBS -- 8.1 Twi verbs used as adverbs -- 8.2 Yoruba verbs used as adverbs -- 8.3 Engenni adverbials -- 8.4 Ewe de-verbal adverbs -- 8.5 Adverbs and aspects from verbs in Tibetan -- 8.6 De-verbal adverbs in Edo -- 8.7 Conclusions -- CHAPTER 9. PRAGMATICS, TYPOLOGY AND TELEOLOGY -- 9.1 Implications for typological structure -- 9.2 Meaning relations between verbs in a serial construction -- 9.3 Clause position of de-verbal prepositions and auxiliaries -- 9.4 Directionality of category change in the serial verb context -- 9.5 The "why" question -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- LANGUAGE INDEX -- INDEX.