TOWARDS A SOCIAL SCIENCE OF LANGUAGE -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Foreword -- Note -- I. Social Interaction and Discourse Structures -- Discourse Analysis, Structuralism, and the Description of Social Practice -- 1. Introduction -- 2. What is a Structuralist Theory of Language? -- Assumption 1. It is possible to identify linguistic structures. -- Assumption 2. Structures consist of boundaries, substructures, and their internal relations. -- Assumption 3. Structural descriptions are atemporal. -- 3. Is Structuralism Necessary for Discourse Analysis? -- 4. What Other Approaches are Possible? -- 5. Unified Approach to the Analysis of Discourse -- 6. Relation of Structural Units and Social Practice -- 7. Future Directions for Discourse Analysis -- 7.1 The extension of units -- 7.2 Coherence systems and discourse presuppositions -- 7.3 From social practice to discourse construction -- 8. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Third Turn Repair -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Environments of Third Turn Repair -- 3. The Relevant Positioning of Third Turn Repair -- 4. Differential Interactional Import -- 5. An Upshot to be Drawn from Third Turn Repair -- Notes -- References -- The Transformation of Experience, Identity, and Context -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Stories, Identity, and Context -- 3. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Deliberative Action Constructs: Reference and Evaluation in Narrative -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data -- 3. Linguistic Description of DACs -- 4. DACs as a Structure Within the Complication -- 4.1 The pronominal pattern in DACs -- 4.2 Ellipsis in DACs -- 4.3 The discrete identity and unremarkable nature of DAC actions -- 4.4 The emergence of meaning -- 4.5 Summary -- 5. DACs as an Evaluative Mechanism -- 6. Conclusion -- Notes -- References.

Byplay: Negotiating Evaluation in Storytelling -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Alternative Trajectories of Byplay -- 3. Procedures for Inviting Coparticipation in Byplay -- 4. Stepwise Entry of Principal Addressed Recipient and Speaker into Byplay -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- An Empirical Study of Textual Structure: Horse Race Calls -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Event Structure and Linguistic Structure -- 2.1 The textual structure of horse race calls -- 2.2 Selecting the variables -- 2.3 Coding the data -- 2.4 Statistical analysis -- 2.5 Textual structure and entropy analysis -- 3. Summary and Discussion -- Notes -- References -- Discourse Clues to Coded Language in an Impeachment Hearing -- 1. Types of Codes -- 2. Criteria for Partial and Disguised Codes -- 3. The Use of Discourse Analysis in Identifying Coded Language -- 4. Discourse Analysis of the Conversation -- 5. The Test of Logical Consistency -- 5.1 "Going back" -- 5.2 "Going back" versus "coming back" -- 5.3 "No great big problem " -- 5.4 "Change in plan " -- 5.5 "Send stuff off" -- 5.6 "Things" versus "stuff" -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Appendix -- The Incongruity of Jokes, Riddles and Humorous Situations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Simple Incongruity - Surprise -- 3. Suls' Two-Stage Model -- 4. Violations Leading to Incongruity -- 4.1 Violations of salience -- 4.2 Violations of the accessibility hierarchy -- 4.3 Violations of parallelism -- 4.4 Violations of constraints within a sublanguage -- 5. The Gricean Model and Humor -- 6. Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Discourse Enumerators and Schegloff's Denominator -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Enumerations and Their Levels of Analysis -- 2.1 Method -- 3. Relationships Among Structural Factors -- 4. Relationships Among the Referential Factors -- 5. Relationships Among the Interactional Factors.

6. Relationships Among the Discourse Factors -- 7. Connections Among Levels -- 8. A Methodological Apology -- 9. Discussion -- Note -- References -- On the Interactional Bases of Speech Community Membership -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Community norms of interaction -- 1.2 Ethnography of communication -- 2. Conversational Cooperation -- 2.1 Conversation: ESL teachers in California -- 2.2 Interview: English speaking South Asians -- 2.3 Group discussion: African-American teenagers -- 3. Ethnicity and Discourse -- 4. Social Networks -- References -- II. Language in use: Syntactic and Lexical Variation -- On Focussing Sentences in Brazilian Portuguese -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methodology -- 3. Grammatical Factors -- 3.1 Grammatical category of C1 -- 3.2 Syntactic function of C1 -- 3.3 Transitivity -- 4. Discourse Analysis -- 4.1 Contrast -- 4.2 Topical structure -- 4.3 Informational status of C1 -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- On Kind-Sentences, Resumptive Pronouns, and Relative Clauses -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Corpus -- 3. Syntactic Evidence -- 4. A Problem with the Analysis -- 5. Relevant Discourse Factors -- 5.1 'Island-amnestying ' resumptive pronoun relative clauses -- 5.2 'Predicational' resumptive pronoun relative clauses -- 5.3 Summary -- 6. Crosslinguistic Comparisons -- 6.1. Yiddish -- 6.2 Semitic -- 7. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Viewpoint, Sequencing, and Pronoun Usage in Javanese Short Stories -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data and Other Preliminary Considerations -- 3. Di- and Narrative Clauses -- 4. Dheweke and Subjectivity -- 4.1 Lintang panjer sore - "Evening star" (Brata 1979) -- 4.2 Sadulur angkat - "The adopted sibling" (Widayat 1979) -- 4.3 Ulihe ing wayah sore - "Going home in the late afternoon" (Susilomurti 1979) -- 4.4 Keluwargane Bu Nyai Blorong - "Mrs. Blorong's family" (Peni 1979) -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes.

References -- Patterns of Incorporation of Lexemes in Language Contact: Language typology or sociolinguistics? -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Definitions -- 1.2 Typology and incorporation patterns -- 2. The Data -- 2.1 Incorporations with Finnish as ML and Swedish as EL -- 2.2 Incorporations from English (EL) into Swedish (ML) -- 2.3 Incorporations with Sango as ML and French as EL -- 2.4 Summary of finding s -- 3. Discussion -- 3.1 Finnish in Sweden -- 3.2 Americans in Göteborg -- 3.3 Sango-French bilinguals in CAR -- Notes -- References -- The Sociolinguistic Dynamics of Apparent Convergence -- 1. Introduction -- 2. French-English Contact along the Quebec-Ontario Border -- 3. The French Subjunctive: A Candidate for Contact-Induced Change? -- 4. The Social Conditioning of Mood Choice -- 4.1 The lexical effect on social distribution -- 4.2 Factoring out the lexical effect -- 5. Subjunctive Usage under Non-verbal Matrices -- 6. Summary and Discussion -- 6.1 Interpreting the effects of uneven distribution -- 6.2 The orthogonality of linguistic and extra-linguistic factors -- 6.3 Implications for a theory of convergence -- Notes -- References -- Varbruland the Human/Inanimate Polarization of the Swahili Object Marker -- 1. Introductory Remarks -- 2. The General Issues at Stake -- 3. Human/Inanimate Polarization of the Swahili Object Marker -- 4. An Evolutionary Interpretation of Human/Inanimate Polarization -- 4.1 Early anaphoric and contextual topicality properties of the OM -- 4.2 OM evolution in the VO context -- 4.3 Absence of inanimate independent pronouns in Swahili discourse -- 4.4 Inherent topicality as a factor in OM selection in multiple object contexts -- 5. Varbrul Analysis of the Evolution of Human/Inanimate Polarization -- 5.1 The historical samples used in the Varbrul analyses -- 5.2 Factor groups used in the Varbrul analyses.

5.3 Results of the Varbrul analyses -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- Notes -- References -- William Labov: A Bibliography -- Books -- Articles -- Translations -- Published Interviews -- Index.