INFORMAL FALLACIES Towards a Theory of Argument Criticisms -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Acknowledgements -- Table of contents -- CHAPTER 1: A NEW MODEL OF ARGUMENT -- 1. Introduction to the Fallacies -- 2. Some More Fallacies -- 3. Fallacies Combined in Realistic Dialogues -- 4. What is an Argument? -- 5. Criticism as Challenge and Response -- 6. Basic Categories of Argument Study -- NOTES -- CHAPTER TWO: HOT RHETORIC AND ARGUMENT -- 1. Appeals to Popular Sentiment -- 2. Appeals to Force -- 3. Appeals to Pity -- 4. Overly Personal Argumentation -- 5. The Rhetorical Debate -- 6. Case Study: Parliamentary Debate -- 1. THE ECONOMY MEASURES TO MAINTAIN EMPLOYMENT -- 2. BANKS AND BANKING -- 7. Conclusion -- NOTES -- CHAPTER 3: THE LOGIC OF PROPOSITIONS -- 1. Deductive Validity -- 2. Formal Logic -- 3. Classical Propositional Calculus -- 4. Applying Deductive Logic to Arguments -- 5. Invalidity and Fallaciousness -- 6. Relevance and Validit -- 7. Subject-Matter Relatedness -- 8. Relatedness Logic -- 9. Semantics and Pragmatics -- 10. What is a Fallacy? -- NOTES -- CHAPTER 4: LOGICAL DIALOGUE-GAMES -- 1. Different Approaches to Formal Dialogues -- 2. The Ad Ignorantiam Fallacy -- 3. Fallacies of Question-Asking -- 4. The Fallacy of Many Questions -- 5. Demanding Direct Answers to Questions -- 6. Misconception of Refutation -- 7. Case Studies of Political Debates -- 8. A Game with Dark-Side Commitments -- NOTES -- CHAPTER 5: ENTHYMEMES -- 1. The Tradition of Enthymemes -- 2. The Objectives of Dialogue -- 3. Veiled Commitment-Sets -- 4. Strategy and Plausibility -- 5. The Problem Resolved -- 6. Order of the Premisses -- 7. Multiple Premisses in Complex Arguments -- NOTE -- CHAPTER 6: LONGER SEQUENCES OF ARGUMENTATION -- 1. Sequences of Argumentation -- 2. Graphs of Arguments -- 3. Case Study: Argument on Sex Education.

4. Case Study: Circular Argumentation -- 5. Plausibility Conditions on Arguments -- 6. The Missing Links -- 7. Conclusions on Circular Arguments -- NOTES -- CHAPTER 7: FALLACIOUS ARGUMENTS FROM AUTHORITY -- 1. How Appeals to Authority Can Go Wrong -- 2. Plausible Argument -- 3. Where Experts Disagree -- 4. Expertise and Legal Dialogue -- 5. Dialogue and Expertise -- 6. Conclusions -- NOTE -- CHAPTER 8: VARIOUS FALLACIES -- 1. Inductive Fallacies -- 2. Deductive and Inductive Arguments -- 3. Post Hoc Arguments -- 4. Slippery Slope -- 5. Equivocation -- 6. Amphiboly -- 7. Composition and Division -- CHAPTER 9: ARGUMENTS AGAINST THE PERSON -- 1. Poisoning the Well -- 2. The Sportsman's Rejoinder -- 3. Evaluating Ad Hominem Disputations -- 4. Four Types of Circumstantial Ad Hominem -- 5. Rhetorical Context of Ad Hominem Attacks -- 6. Positional Defensibility -- 7. Conclusion -- NOTES -- CHAPTER 10: EQUIVOCATION -- 1. What is Equivocation? -- 2. Vagueness and Criticisms of Equivocality -- 3. The Problem of Subtle Equivocations -- 4. Deep Deception and Equivocal Dialogue -- 5. Many-Valued Logic for Equivocators -- 6. Priest's System LP -- 7. Applying LP to the Fallacy of Equivocation -- 8. R-Mingle as a Logic for Equivocators -- 9. RM and Equivocation -- 10. Conclusions -- NOTES -- CHAPTER 11: INFORMAL LOGIC AS A DISCIPLINE -- 1. The Role of Formal Logic -- 2. Dialectic as a Theory of Argument -- 3. Function of Why-Questions -- 4. Subject-Specific Nature of Arguments -- 5. Case Studies on Circular Reasoning -- 6. Conversational Pragmatics -- 7. Pedagogical Directions for Informal Logic -- NOTES -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX OF NAMES -- GENERAL INDEX.