Integrated Clinical Orthodontics -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- 1: The Increased Stature of Orthodontics -- The broadening scope of orthodontics -- The orthodontic patient as a human being -- The patient's biological status - does it influence orthodontic treatment? -- Conclusions -- References -- 2: Effective Data Management and Communication for the Contemporary Orthodontist -- Introduction -- The role of information technology in the orthodontic practice -- Computer-aided diagnosis and treatment planning to enhance communication -- Other arenas of communication -- Electronic data management -- Virtual patient record for integration of specialties -- Conclusion -- References -- 3: Orthodontic Diagnosis and Treatment Planning: Collaborating with Medical and Other Dental Specialists -- Introduction -- The other side of the story -- Orthodontic diagnosis from a broad perspective -- The f irst interaction with the patient -- The importance of the medical history in the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning -- Identifying local dental abnormalities before attempting orthodontic treatment -- Evaluation of the occlusion and the temporomandibular joint -- Radiographic examination of the jaws -- Conclusions -- References -- 4: Psychosocial Factors in Motivation, Treatment, Compliance, and Satisfaction with Orthodontic Care -- Introduction -- Motivation for orthodontic care -- Psychosocial variables influencing compliance -- Conclusion -- References -- 5: Nutrition in Orthodontic Practice -- Introduction: the role of the orthodontist in nutrition -- What is an adequate diet? -- Nutrition and the orthodontic patient -- Effective nutrition management of the orthodontic patient -- Conclusions -- References -- 6: Anomalies in Growth and Development: The Importance of Consultation with a Pediatrician -- Introduction.

Pervasive sucking habits and tongue thrusting -- Growth-related problems -- Trauma-related issues -- Conclusions -- References -- 7: The Benefits of Obtaining the Opinion of a Clinical Geneticist Regarding Orthodontic Patients -- Introduction -- Interaction with the clinical geneticist -- Evolution of the clinical (medical) geneticist specialist -- When to refer? -- Radiographic signs -- History of premature tooth exfoliation -- Conditions in which premature tooth exfoliation may occur occasionally -- Supernumerary teeth and hypodontia (oligodontia) -- Syndromic hypodontia -- Supernumerary teeth or hypodontia (oligodontia) and cancer -- Failure of dental eruption -- Soft and hard tissue asymmetry -- Maxillary hypoplasia -- Functional (neuromuscular) asymmetry -- Mandibular retrognathism -- Connective tissue dysplasia -- Cleft lip and cleft palate -- Conclusion -- References -- 8: Multidisciplinary Team Management of Congenital Orofacial Deformities -- Introduction -- Otofacial malformations -- Craniosynostoses -- Achondroplasia/FGFR3 mutations -- Holoprosencephalic disorders -- Conclusion -- References -- 9: Cleft Lip and Palate: Role of the Orthodontist in the Interdisciplinary Management Team -- Introduction -- Interdisciplinary team care -- Members of the cleft lip and palate team and their task -- Orthodontic management -- Conclusions -- References -- 10: What can Orthodontists Learn from Orthopaedists Engaged in Basic Research? -- A common language -- Bone adaptation to mechanical deformation and orthodontic tooth movement -- Bone reaction to skeletal anchorage -- Conclusions -- References -- 11: When Should an Orthodontist Seek the Advice of an Endocrinologist? -- Introduction -- Growth hormone deficiency -- Growth hormone excess -- Thyroid disease -- Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome -- Hypophosphatasia -- Rachitic disorders.

Osteopetrosis -- Fibrous dysplasia -- Diabetes -- Adrenal disorders -- Turner syndrome -- Conclusions -- References -- 12: The Benefits of Consulting with an Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Specialist Before and During Orthodontic Treatment -- Introduction -- The anatomical connection: the mouth in its relation with the nose, throat, and ear -- Areas of interaction -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13: Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Orthodontic Strategies to Establish and Maintain a Patent Airway -- Introduction -- The spectrum of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing -- Decoding OSA -- Respiration: effect of anatomy and sleep -- OSA in children -- OSA in adults -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 14: Acute and Chronic Infections Affecting the Oral Cavity: Orthodontic Implications -- Introduction -- Bacterial infections -- Chronic infections with oral manifestations -- Viral infections -- Fungal infections -- Parasitic infections -- The oral cavity as a source for focal infections -- Conclusions -- References -- 15: Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry: Two Specialties, One Goal -- Introduction -- Coordinating orthodontic and pediatric dental appointments in a group or solo practitioner setting -- Identifying orthodontic and pediatric dental problems earlier than later -- Restoring form and function - revisiting the unilateral posterior crossbite with a functional mandibular shift -- Congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors - who does what, when, and how? -- Retention considerations and beyond -- Enamel demineralization during orthodontic treatment - who takes responsibility for prevention? -- Conclusions -- References -- 16: Dental Caries, Tooth Fracture and Exposed Dental Pulp: The Role of Endodontics in Orthodontic Treatment Planning and Mechanotherapy -- Introduction.

Pretreatment evaluation and early orthodontic treatment -- Interactive collaboration during orthodontic treatment -- Emergency orthodontic treatment in trauma cases -- Immediate post-orthodontic period, and the long-term retention requirements for avoiding relapse -- Conclusion -- References -- 17: Pre-Prosthetic Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Interdisciplinary Concepts for Optimizing Prosthodontic Care -- Introduction -- Case 1: Orthodontic intrusion -- Case 2: Use of dental implants for anchorage and orthodontic tooth extrusion for implant site development -- Case 3: Minor tooth movement to gain canine guidance for full mouth rehabilitation -- Orthodontic techniques in maxillofacial prosthodontics -- Case 4: Restoration after a maxillectomy for osteomyelitis -- Case 5: Prosthetic restoration of maxillectomy due to adenoid cystic carcinoma -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 18: Orthodontic Treatment in Patients Requiring Orthognathic Surgical Procedures -- The importance of the sequence/checklist -- Team preparation - Steps I and II -- Diagnosis and patient care - Steps III-X -- Presurgical - Steps XI and XII -- Postsurgical - Steps XIII-XVI -- Feedback - Steps XVII-XVII -- Conclusions -- References -- 19: The Role of Biomedical Engineers in the Design and Manufacture of Customized Orthodontic Appliances -- Introduction -- Past research activities -- Current research activities and potential future applications -- Conclusions -- References -- 20: Tissue Engineering in Orthodontics Therapy -- Introduction -- Tissue engineering principles -- Impact of tissue engineering on orthodontics -- Orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics as clinical motivation for tissue engineering -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 21: Corticotomy and Stem Cell Therapy for Orthodontists and Periodontists: Rationale, Hypotheses, and Protocol.

Introduction -- Twentieth-century 'OldThink' -- Orthodontic 'NewThink': the age of the stem cell -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 22: The Application of Lasers in Orthodontics -- Definition and laser physics -- Historical perspective -- Laser versus scalpel -- Diode versus solid-state lasers -- Choosing a proper anesthetic -- Laser machine set-up -- Procedures and surgical technique -- Laser safety -- Postsurgical management -- Conclusion -- References -- 23: Implant Orthodontics: An Interactive Approach to Skeletal Anchorage -- Introduction -- Interactive approaches -- Holding the molar vertical position -- Intrusion of molars -- Molar uprighting -- Forced eruption -- Surgical placement of micro-implants -- Conclusion -- References -- 24: Temporomandibular Dysfunction: Controversies and Orthodontics -- Temporomandibular disorders - the evolution of controversy -- Orthodontics and TMD -- Centric relation controversy -- Functional occlusion and TMD -- Asymptomatic internal derangements - need for treatment? -- Controversies regarding TMD treatments -- Contemporary multidisciplinary, evidence-based treatment options -- Conclusion -- References -- 25: Orthodontic Treatment for the Special Needs Child -- Introduction -- Therapeutic access -- Patient management -- Drawing up a tentative treatment plan -- Relapse and retention -- Case descriptions -- Conclusion -- References -- Index.