Front Cover -- Cell Physiology Sourcebook: Essentials of Membrane Biophysics -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- In Memoriam -- Contributors -- Foreword:Foreword to the First Edition -- Foreword:Foreword to the Second Edition -- Foreword:Foreword to the Third Edition -- Foreword:Foreword to the Fourth Edition -- Preface -- I - Biophysical Chemistry, Metabolism, Second Messengers, and Ultrastructure -- Chapter 1 - Biophysical Chemistry of Physiological Solutions -- I. SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION -- III. STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF WATER -- IV. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN WATER AND IONS -- V. PROTONS IN SOLUTION -- VI. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN IONS -- VII. SOLUTE TRANSPORT: BASIC DEFINITIONS -- VIII. MEASUREMENT OF ELECTROLYTES AND MEMBRANE POTENTIAL -- APPENDIX: THERMODYNAMICS OF MEMBRANE TRANSPORT -- AI .FREE ENERGY -- AII. NERNST EQUILIBRIUM -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 2 - Physiological Structure and Function of Proteins -- I. SUMMARY -- II.MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS -- III. TECHNIQUES FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE STRUCTURES OF PROTEINS -- IV.BULK PROPERTIES OF PROTEINS: PROTEINS AS POLYELECTROLYTES -- V. RELATIONSHIP OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE TO FUNCTION -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 3 - Cell Membranes -- I . SUMMARY -- II .THE BIMOLECULAR LIPID MEMBRANE -- III. MEMBRANE LIPIDS AND PROTEINS -- IV.THE FLUID MOSAIC MODEL OF CELL MEMBRANES -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 4 - Ionophores in Planar Lipid Bilayers -- I .SUMMARY -- II. IONOPHORES -- III. PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS -- IV. ION CHANNEL PROPERTIES IN PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS -- V.GRAMICIDIN -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 5 - Cell Structure -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. TECHNIQUES -- III. CELL THEORY -- IV. THE PLASMA MEMBRANE AS THE BASIS OF CELLULARITY -- V. NUCLEUS -- VI. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM -- VII. GOLGI APPARATUS -- VIII. LYSOSOMES -- IX. MITOCHONDRIA -- X. CYTOSKELETON -- XI. CELL JUNCTIONS.

XII. SPECIAL TISSUES, SPECIALIZED ULTRASTRUCTURE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 6 - Signal Transduction and Second Messengers -- I. WHAT IS SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION? -- II. GENERAL PRINCIPLES -- III. GENERAL TYPES OF SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION CASCADES AND THEIR COMPONENTS -- IV. OSPHORYLATION BY KINASES AND OTHER POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS -- V. INTRACELLULAR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS -- VI. CONCLUSIONS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 7 - Calcium as an Intracellular Second Messenger: Mediation by Calcium-Binding Proteins -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. DETERMINATION OF CA2+ INVOLVEMENT IN PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES -- III. CA2+ AS AN INTRACELLULAR SIGNAL -- IV. CREATION OF THE CA2+ SIGNAL -- V. MEDIATION OF THE CA2+ SIGNAL -- VI. CA2+-CALMODULIN DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE II -- VII. ANNEXINS: CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PHOSPHOLIPID-BINDING PROTEINS -- VIII. PROTEIN KINASE C -- IX. CURRENT PERSPECTIVES -- X. SUMMARY -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- II - Membrane Potential, Transport Physiology, Pumps, and Exchangers -- Chapter 8 - Diffusion and Permeability -- I. SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION -- III. FICK'S LAW OF DIFFUSION -- IV. DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT -- V. DIFFUSION ACROSS A MEMBRANE WITH PARTITIONING -- VI. PERMEABILITY COEFFICIENT -- VII. ELECTRODIFFUSION -- VIII. SPECIAL TRANSPORT PROCESSES -- IX. USSING FLUX RATIO EQUATION -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 9 - Origin of Resting Membrane Potentials -- I. SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION -- III. PASSIVE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES -- IV. MAINTENANCE OF ION DISTRIBUTIONS -- V. EQUILIBRIUM POTENTIALS -- VI. ELECTROCHEMICAL DRIVING FORCES AND MEMBRANE IONIC CURRENTS -- VII. DETERMINATION OF RESTING POTENTIAL AND NET DIFFUSION POTENTIAL (EDIFF) -- VIII. ELECTROGENIC SODIUM PUMP POTENTIALS -- APPENDIX -- AI. MORE DETAILS ON CA2+-NA+ EXCHANGER -- AII. DERIVATION OF NERNST EQUATION -- AIII. HALF-CELL POTENTIALS.

AIV. NSTANT-FIELD EQUATION DETAILS -- AV. DERIVATION OF CHORD CONDUCTANCE EQUATION -- AVI. CIRCUIT ANALYSIS APPLICABLE TO CELL MEMBRANE -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 10 - Gibbs-Donnan Equilibrium Potentials -- I. SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION -- III. MECHANISM FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE GIBBS-DONNAN POTENTIAL -- IV. GIBBS-DONNAN EQUILIBRIUM -- V. QUANTITATION OF THE GIBBS-DONNAN POTENTIAL -- VI. OSMOTIC CONSIDERATIONS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 11 - Mechanisms of Carrier-Mediated Transport: Facilitated Diffusion, Cotransport and Countertransport -- I . SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION -- III. ELECTROCHEMICAL POTENTIAL -- IV. CARRIER-MEDIATED TRANSPORT MECHANISMS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 12 - Active Ion Transport by ATP-Driven Ion Pumps -- I. SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION -- III. CLASSES OF ATP-DRIVEN ION PUMPS -- IV. THE ALBERS-POST MECHANISM OF ION TRANSPORT BY P-TYPE ION PUMPS -- V. STRUCTURES OF P-TYPE ION PUMPS -- VI. BETA SUBUNITS -- VII. ISOFORMS OF PUMP SUBUNITS AND SUBFAMILIES OF P-TYPE PUMPS -- VIII. FXYD PROTEINS -- IX. REGULATION OF P-TYPE ATPASE ACTIVITY -- X .PHARMACOLOGICAL INHIBITORS OF P-TYPE ATPASES -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 13 - Ca2+-ATPases -- I . INTRODUCTION -- II. SARCOPLASMIC RETICULAR (SR) CA2+-ATPASE -- III. OTHER ATPASES -- IV. OVERVIEW -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 14 - Na+-Ca2+ Exchange Currents -- I. SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION -- III. ENERGETICS OF NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGE -- IV. METHODS AND PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE MEASUREMENT OF NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGE CURRENT -- V. OLATION OF NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGE CURRENT -- VI. IONIC DEPENDENCIES OF NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGE CURRENT -- VII. REGULATION OF NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGE CURRENT -- VIII. STRUCTURE OF NCX AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO FUNCTION -- IX. THE PHYLOGENY OF THE NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGER -- X. ISOFORMS OF THE NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGER.

XI. CURRENT-VOLTAGE RELATIONSHIPS AND VOLTAGE DEPENDENCE OF NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGE CURRENT -- XII. MECHANISM OF NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGE -- XIII. NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGE CURRENTS DURING THE CARDIAC ACTION POTENTIAL -- XIV. NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGE CURRENTS AND EXCITATION-CONTRACTION COUPLING -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 15 - Intracellular Chloride Regulation -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. ORIGIN OF THE PASSIVE CL- DISTRIBUTION ASSUMPTION -- III. PASSIVE AND NON-PASSIVE CL- DISTRIBUTION ACROSS THE PLASMA MEMBRANE -- IV. ACTIVE TRANSPORT MECHANISMS FOR CL- -- V. ELECTRONEUTRAL NA+-K+-CL- COTRANSPORTERS -- VI. ELECTRONEUTRAL K+-CL- COTRANSPORTERS -- VII. ELECTRONEUTRAL NA+-CL- COTRANSPORTER -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 16 - Osmosis and Regulation of Cell Volume -- I. SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION -- III. WATER MOVEMENT ACROSS MODEL MEMBRANES -- IV. MECHANISMS OF OSMOSIS -- V. WATER MOVEMENT ACROSS CELL MEMBRANES -- VI. REGULATION OF CELL VOLUME UNDER ISOSMOTIC CONDITIONS -- VII. REGULATION OF CELL VOLUME UNDER ANISOSMOTIC CONDITIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 17 - Intracellular pH Regulation -- I. SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION -- III. PH AND BUFFERING POWER -- IV. INTRACELLULAR PH -- V. ORGANELLAR PH -- VI. MAINTENANCE OF A STEADY-STATE PHI -- VII. ACTIVE MEMBRANE TRANSPORT OF ACIDS AND BASES -- VIII.CELLULAR FUNCTIONS AFFECTED BY INTRACELLULAR PH -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- III - Membrane Excitability and Ion Channels -- Chapter 18 - Cable Properties and Propagation of Action Potentials -- I. SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION -- III. EQUENCY-MODULATED SIGNALS -- IV. CABLE PROPERTIES -- V. CONDUCTION OF ACTION POTENTIALS -- VI. EXTERNAL RECORDING OF ACTION POTENTIALS -- APPENDIX 1 ADDITIONAL DISCUSSION OF INPUT RESISTANCE AND IMPEDANCE -- APPENDIX 2 PROPAGATION IN CARDIAC MUSCLE AND SMOOTH MUSCLES -- AI. BACKGROUND -- AII.SOME EXPERIMENTAL FACTS.

AIII. ELECTRIC FIELD MODEL -- AIV. ELECTRONIC MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF PROPAGATION -- AV. PSPICE MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF PROPAGATION -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 19 - Electrogenesis of Membrane Excitability -- I. SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION -- III. ACTION POTENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS -- IV. ELECTROGENESIS OF ACTION POTENTIALS -- V. EFFECT OF RESTING POTENTIAL ON ACTION POTENTIAL -- VI. ELECTROGENESIS OF AFTERPOTENTIALS -- APPENDIX -- AI. ADDITIONAL HODGKIN-HUXLEY ANALYSIS -- AII. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON K+ CHANNELS -- AIII. WHOLE-CELL VOLTAGE CLAMP -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 20 - Patch-Clamp Techniques -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. APPLICATIONS OF THE PATCH-CLAMP TECHNIQUE -- III. PATCH-CLAMP TECHNIQUES -- IV. DATA ACQUISITION -- V. CURRENT RECORDINGS AND ANALYSIS -- VI. AUTOMATED PATCH-CLAMP -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 21 - Structure and Mechanism of Voltage-Gated Ion Channels -- I. SUMMARY -- II. INTRODUCTION: HOW IS ION CHANNEL STRUCTURE STUDIED? -- III. BIOCHEMISTRY OF ION CHANNELS: PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VOLTAGE-GATED CHANNELS -- IV. CHANNEL STRUCTURE INVESTIGATION THROUGH MANIPULATION OF DNA SEQUENCES ENCODING CHANNEL POLYPEPTIDES -- V. MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF CHANNEL FUNCTION: HOW DOES ONE INVESTIGATE THEM? -- VI. ISOFORMS OF VOLTAGE-GATED CHANNELS AS PART OF A LARGE SUPERFAMILY -- VII. FUTURE DIRECTIONS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Chapter 22 - Biology of Gap Junctions -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES IN EXCITABLE CELLS -- III. UBIQUITOUS MEMBRANE PERMEABLE JUNCTIONS -- IV. STRUCTURAL CANDIDATES FOR THE PERMEABLE CELL JUNCTION -- V. ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GAP JUNCTIONS AND CORRELATIONS WITH CELL COUPLING -- VI. MOLECULAR AND STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF GAP JUNCTION PROTEINS -- VII. TWO LARGE FAMILIES OF GAP JUNCTION PROTEINS -- VIII. CHANNELS WITHIN GAP JUNCTIONS.

IX. EVIDENCE FOR CHARGE SELECTIVITY.