Experiments in Cultural Language Evolution -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Foreword -- References -- Self-organization and selection in cultural language evolution -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Facts about cultural language evolution -- 2.1. Language systems and language strategies -- 2.2. Language change and language evolution -- 2.3. Semiotic dynamics -- 2.4. Challenges for theories of cultural language evolution -- 3. Language evolution through linguistic selection -- 3.1. Linguistic selection criteria -- 3.2. Linguistic selection of systems and strategies -- 4. The role of cognition -- 5. The role of self-organization -- 6. Evolutionary language games -- 6.1. Paradigms for studying cultural language evolution -- 6.2. Language games -- 6.3. Empirical relevance of language game experiments -- 7. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Part I: Emergence of perceptually grounded vocabularies -- The Grounded Naming Game -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Non-Grounded Naming Game -- 2.1. Diagnostics and repairs for the Non-Grounded Naming Game -- 2.2. Alignment for the Non-Grounded Naming Game -- 3. The Grounded Naming Game -- 3.1. Perception and conceptualization -- 3.2. Experimental results -- 3.3. Adding additional heuristics -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Language strategies for color -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Color Naming Game -- 3. Language strategies for color -- 3.1. Hue strategy -- 3.2. Brightness Strategy -- 3.3. Graded Membership Strategy -- 4. Linguistic selection of strategies -- 4.1. Selective advantages -- 4.2. Strategy competition -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Appendix -- A. Interpretation variance -- B. Strategy coherence -- Emergent mirror systems for body language -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The mirror experiment.

2.1. Acquiring a mirror system -- 2.2. Diagnostics, repairs and alignment -- 2.3. Experimental results -- 3. Coordination without mirrors -- 3.1. Diagnostics, repairs and alignment -- 3.2. Experimental results -- 4. Improving meaning guesses through self-simulation -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- The co-evolution of basic spatial terms and categories -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The language game -- 3. Reconstructing German basic spatial terms -- 3.1. Angular relations -- 3.2. Proximal relations -- 3.3. Measuring the performance of German basic spatial terms -- 4. Acquisition experiments -- 4.1. Acquiring projective categories -- 4.2. Acquiring proximal categories -- 4.3. Acquiring absolute categories -- 4.4. Simultaneous acquisition of different language systems -- 5. Formation experiments -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Multi-dimensional meanings in lexicon formation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental setup -- 3. Approaches to lexical language formation -- 4. An Adaptive Strategy for word learning -- 4.1. Fine-grained adaptive meaning representation -- 4.2. Flexible re-use in language processing -- 4.3. Invention and adoption -- 4.4. Alignment -- 5. Experimental results -- 6. A comparison with a Competitive Strategy -- 6.1. Experimental results -- 7. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part II: Emergence of grammatical systems -- The evolution of case systems for marking event structure -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Why do some languages evolve a case system? -- 2.1. The apparent complexity of `event structure grammars' -- 2.2. Factual description games -- 2.3. Reconstruction experiment: The German case system -- Cognitive effort -- Expressive power and learnability -- 3. How can a population self-organize a case system? -- 3.1. Acquisition of a case system.

3.2. Self-organization of a case system -- Cognitive effort, coherence and systematicity -- Expressivity and learnability -- The emergent language systems -- 4. Why and how do case systems evolve new functions? -- 4.1. Reconstruction of Spanish pronoun systems -- 4.2. Demonstration of a paradigm shift -- 5. Discussion and conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Emergent functional grammar for space -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The role of grammar -- 2.1. Spatial semantics -- 2.2. The role of grammar -- 3. Establishing the niche for grammar -- 4. Emergence of grammatical markers -- 4.1. A grammatical language strategy -- 4.2. Experimental results -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Appendix -- The emergence of internal agreement systems -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Variation in roles of agreement -- 1.2. Variation in features used in agreement -- 1.3. Variation in marking of agreement -- 2. The sticker theory -- 3. Experimental set-up -- 4. Absence of an agreement system -- 5. Agreement based on formal stickers -- 5.1. Grammatical constructions -- 5.2. Formal sticker strategy -- 5.3. Results -- 6. Agreement based on meaningful stickers -- 6.1. Grammatical constructions -- 6.2. Semantic sticker strategy -- 6.3. Results -- 7. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Appendix -- Absence of agreement -- Formal stickers -- Meaningful stickers -- A language strategy for aspect -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Russian aspect system -- 3. Reconstruction of the Russian aspect system -- 3.1. The aspect language game -- 3.2. Routine processing of Russian aspectual phrases -- 3.3. Results -- 4. Acquisition of the Russian aspect system -- 4.1. Learning operators -- 4.2. Holophrases -- 4.3. Item-based constructions -- 4.4. Abstract constructions -- 4.5. Results -- 5. Emergence of Aktionsarten -- 5.1. Learning operators -- 5.2. Results.

6. Conclusion and future work -- Acknowledgements -- References -- The emergence of quantifiers -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Embodied interaction -- 3. Experiment 1: Absolute quantification -- 3.1. Baseline experiment -- 3.2. Acquisition experiment -- 3.3. Formation experiment -- 4. Experiment 2: Scalable quantification -- 4.1. Baseline experiment -- 4.2. Acquisition experiment -- 4.3. Formation experiment -- 5. Experiment 3: Strategy competition -- 6. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Appendix -- A. Data -- Index.