9781847355997_Front Cover.pdf -- 9781847355997_Content.pdf -- A Practical Guide to Energy -- Contributors -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Heating and Lighting -- 2.1 Light Source Selection and Fixtures -- 2.1.1 Energy Efficient Electronic Ballasts -- 2.1.2 Energy Efficient Lighting Fixtures -- 2.2 Light Regulation -- 2.2.1 Light Regulation According to Daylight Penetration -- 2.3 Motion Sensors -- 2.3.1 Why can Occupancy Sensors Save you Energy? -- 2.3.2 How do they Work? -- 2.3.3 Lighting - Summary of Energy Saving Actions -- 2.4 Control of Heating Systems -- 2.4.1 Regulate the Control Buttons and Correct the Errors -- 2.4.2 Payback Periods -- 2.4.2.1 Where can Energy Savings with Short Payback Periods be Made? -- 2.4.3 Temperature Control -- 2.4.4 Time Control -- 2.4.5 Ventilation -- 2.4.5.1 Ventilation Plants -- 2.4.5.2 Energy Savings in Ventilation Plants -- 2.4.5.3 Method -- 2.4.5.4 Small Adjustments of the Three Systems will Half the Energy -- 2.4.5.5 Error in the Plant -- 2.4.5.6 Example -- 2.4.5.7 Investment in Adjustment and Ventilators -- 2.5 Heating Plants -- 2.5.1 Requirements -- 2.5.2 The Heat is Supplied Below the Ceiling -- 2.5.3 Exploit the Hot Air when there is Radiant Heat below the Ceiling -- 2.5.4 Cold Areas -- 2.5.5 Loss in Pipelines -- 2.5.6 Turn off the Circulation Pump during Summer -- 2.5.7 Hot Air Heating Plants -- 2.5.7.1 Example -- 2.5.8 Hot Air Heating Plants and Transportation Energy -- 2.5.9 Get the Air Down to the Residence Zone -- 2.6 Removal of Production Heat -- 2.6.1 Free Cooling -- 2.6.2 Simple Cooling Effect -- 2.7 Operative Temperature - The Temperature Experienced -- 2.7.1 Clothes and Activity -- 2.7.2 Aim at the Lowest Possible Value -- 2.8 Relevant Questions and Recommendations -- 2.8.1 Actions and Recommendations -- 3 Cooling -- 3.1 Refrigeration -- 3.2 Cooling Water -- 3.3 Free Cooling.

3.4 Impulse Cooling -- 3.5 Energy Efficiency by Heat Recovery of Cooling Systems -- 3.6 Case Studies -- 3.6.1 Cooling Plant at LEGO: Using Water as a Refrigerant -- 3.6.2 Water Loop Design Optimisation at Superfos Packaging A/S -- 4 Compressed Air -- 4.1 Compressed Air Requirements -- 4.1.1 Capacity -- 4.1.2 Load Profile -- 4.1.3 Artificial Demand -- 4.1.4 Pressure -- 4.1.5 Block Diagrams and Pressure Profiles -- 4.2 Compressed Air Use -- 4.2.1 Unregulated End Uses -- 4.2.2 Abandoned Equipment -- 4.3 Leakages -- 4.3.1 Leakage Assessment -- 4.3.2 Leakage Detection -- 4.4 Pressure Drop and Pressure Control -- 4.4.1 Minimising Pressure Drop -- 4.4.2 Controlling System Pressure -- 4.5 Controlling the Compressed Air System -- 4.6 Compressed Air Storage -- 4.7 Periodic Maintenance of Compressed Air Systems -- 4.8 Heat Recovery Systems for Compressed Air Plants -- 4.8.1 Heating of Air -- 4.8.2 Heating of Water -- 4.8.3 Calculating the Energy Savings -- 4.8.4 Energy Savings Calculations [3] -- 4.9 Base Lining Compressed Air Systems -- 4.9.1 Instruments -- 4.9.2 Measuring Method -- 4.9.3 Pressure -- 4.9.4 Temperature -- 4.9.5 Power -- 4.9.6 Flow -- 4.9.7 Estimating Leak Load -- 5 Motors -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Compressed Air Systems -- 5.1.2 Cold Production Systems -- 5.1.3 Pumping Systems -- 5.1.4 Ventilation Systems -- 5.1.5 Electromotor Driven Systems -- 5.1.6 Servo Motors -- 5.1.7 Stepper Motors -- 5.1.8 Linear Motors -- 5.2 Motors Driving Hydraulic Systems -- 5.3 Variable Speed Drives -- 5.3.1 Background and Technology -- 5.3.2 Other Benefits of using Variable Speed Drives -- 5.3.3 Case Study: Potential Savings when Fitting a Variable Speed Drive -- 5.4 Maintenance -- 5.4.1 Reduced Maintenance when Fitting a Variable Speed Drive -- 5.5 High Efficiency -- 5.6 Purchasing -- 5.6.1 Design Factors to Consider when Choosing a New Motor.

5.6.2 Rules of Thumb for Purchasing Energy Efficient Motors -- 5.6.3 Beginning a Motor Efficiency Improvement Program -- 6 In the Office -- 6.1 Energy Audits -- 6.2 Office Equipment -- 6.3 Lighting -- 6.4 Some Energy Myths -- 6.5 Energy Efficiency Labelling -- 6.5.1 Energy Star Label -- 6.5.1.1 Computers -- 6.5.1.2 Lighting -- 6.5.1.3 Buildings -- 6.5.2 European Union Energy Label -- 6.5.2.1 Air Conditioners -- 6.5.2.2 Light Bulbs -- 7 Bills and Meter Readings - Understanding and Analysing Data -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Measurement -- 7.2.1 Measurement Unit -- 7.2.2 Electromechanical Meters -- 7.2.3 Electronic Meters -- 7.2.4 Automatic Meter Reading and Remote Meter Reading -- 7.2.5 Ownership -- 7.3 Understanding the Energy Bill -- 7.3.1 The Tariff -- 7.3.2 Time of Use -- 7.3.3 Real Time Pricing -- 7.3.4 Heating and Cooling Days -- 7.3.5 Read the Energy Bill -- 7.3.6 Consumption Charges -- 7.3.7 Fixed Charges -- 7.4 Conclusion -- Chapter Authors -- Abbreviations -- Index -- 9781847355997_Back Cover.pdf.