Just Trade : A New Covenant Linking Trade and Human Rights.
Title:
Just Trade : A New Covenant Linking Trade and Human Rights.
Author:
Hernández-Truyol, Berta Esperanza.
ISBN:
9780814790861
Personal Author:
Edition:
1st ed.
Physical Description:
1 online resource (409 pages)
Contents:
Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Acronyms -- Getting Started: A General Introduction -- Nature of the Intersections -- Human Rights Criticism of Trade Rules -- Origin of This Volume -- 1 Global Concepts: International Law Primer -- 1.1 Overview -- 1.2 International Law and International Law-Making: General Concepts -- 1.3 International Law-Making: Specific Provisions -- 1.4 International Law as U.S. Law -- 2 Pillars and Escape Hatches: Basic Concepts of International Trade Law in the Americas -- 2.1 Overview of the GATT and WTO -- 2.2 Economic Underpinnings: Comparative Advantage -- 2.3 Four Pillars of GATT -- 2.4 Exceptions to the Pillars -- 2.5 WTO Dispute Settlement -- 2.6 Trade in the Americas -- 3 Global Laws, Local Lives: Basic Concepts and Legal Regimes of Human Rights Law in the Americas -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Theoretical Underpinnings of Human Rights Law -- 3.3 Origins of International Human Rights Law: General Concepts -- 3.4 Modern Human Rights Developments -- 3.5 Classification of Specific Human Rights -- 3.6 Human Rights and Trade -- 4 Splendid Isolation's Progeny: The Intersections of Trade and Human Rights -- 4.1 Central Dilemma: Lack of Purposeful Correlation -- 4.2 Philosophical and Structural Divides -- 4.3 Legal Hierarchy of Trade and Human Rights Norms -- 4.4 Indispensable Role of Government -- 5 Who Belongs, Who Rules: Citizenship-Voice and Participation in the Global Marketplace -- 5.1 Overview -- 5.2 Human Rights Framework -- 5.3 Citizenship in a Globalized World -- 5.4 Transnationalization of the Individual -- 5.5 The Transnational Corporation and the Rise of Economic Citizenship -- 5.6 Final Thoughts -- 6 Ecosystem Degradation and Economic Growth: Trade's Unexploited Power to Improve Our Environment -- 6.1 Overview -- 6.2 Human Rights Framework -- 6.3 International Trade Framework.
6.4 Processes or Production Methods (PPMs) -- 6.5 GATT's Public Health and Welfare Clause -- 6.6 Harmonization of Product Standards: TBT Agreement -- 6.7 From Rio to Johannesburg: Sustainable Development Sues for Peace with Trade Rules -- 6.8 Natural Capitalism and the Equator Principles -- 6.9 Final Thoughts -- 7 Not Just a Question of Capital: Health and Human Well-Being -- 7.1 Overview -- 7.2 Human Rights Framework -- 7.3 International Trade Framework -- 7.4 SPS Agreement -- 7.5 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety -- 7.6 Using the WTO and Biosafety Protocol's Health Provisions for Human Rights Ends -- 7.7 Health in the Americas and WTO's TRIPS Agreement -- 7.8 Colorism and Health in the Americas -- 7.9 GATT's General Exceptions and the Right to Health -- 7.10 Final Thoughts -- 8 Exploitation or Progress? Terms and Conditions of Labor -- 8.1 Overview -- 8.2 Human Rights Framework -- 8.3 International Trade Framework -- 8.4 How May GATT's General Exceptions Heighten Labor Rights Compliance? -- 8.5 Relevance of the TBT Agreement -- 8.6 Trade and Labor in the Americas -- 8.7 Trade and Immigration -- 8.8 Colorism and Labor Rights -- 8.9 Role of Corporate Governance -- 8.10 Soft Landings: Retraining Assistance -- 8.11 Final Thoughts -- 9 Human Bondage: Trafficking -- 9.1 Overview -- 9.2 Human Rights Framework -- 9.3 International Trade Framework -- 9.4 The Reality of Trafficking -- 9.5 The Ubiquity of Trafficking -- 9.6 The Faces of Trafficking -- 9.7 Final Thoughts -- 10 Bebel Redux: The Woman Question -- 10.1 Overview -- 10.2 Human Rights Framework -- 10.3 International Trade Framework -- 10.4 The Woman Question -- 10.5 Women and Culture in the Americas -- 10.6 Women and Work -- 10.7 Final Thoughts -- 11 First Peoples First: Indigenous Populations -- 11.1 Overview -- 11.2 Human Rights Framework -- 11.3 International Trade Framework.
11.4 Enter WTO's TRIPS Agreement: From Bad to Worse? -- 11.5 Role of TRIPS in the Abuse of Traditional Knowledge -- 11.6 Convention on Biological Diversity to the Rescue -- 11.7 Trade Causes Overuse of Resources on Which Indigenous Peoples Rely -- 11.8 Modernization: Not Always the Best Approach -- 11.9 Efforts to Bridge the Divide -- 11.10 Final Thoughts -- 12 From Excess to Despair: The Persistence of Poverty -- 12.1 Overview -- 12.2 Human Rights Framework -- 12.3 International Trade Framework -- 12.4 The Reality of Poverty -- 12.5 Agricultural Reform Integral to Reducing Poverty -- 12.6 Poverty and Immigration -- 12.7 Final Thoughts: Changing Paradigms -- 13 Freedom from Famine and Fear: Democracy -- 13.1 Overview -- 13.2 Human Rights Framework -- 13.3 International Trade Framework -- 13.4 Democracy, Trade, and Human Rights -- 13.5 Final Thoughts -- 14 Imperial Rules: Economic Sanctions -- 14.1 Overview -- 14.2 Human Rights Framework -- 14.3 International Trade Framework -- 14.4 Judging Economic Sanctions -- 14.5 Human Rights Impact of Economic Sanctions -- 14.6 Conundrum of Cuba -- 14.7 Final Thoughts: Value of Economic Sanctions -- 15 Recognizing Indivisibility, Bridging Divides: Visions and Solutions for the Future of the Trade and Human Rights Relationship -- 15.1 Overview -- 15.2 Human Rights Approach to Trade, Trade Approach to Human Rights -- 15.3 Small Steps: Ending Trade's Splendid Isolation from Human Rights -- 15.4 Reparations for Human Rights Violations -- 15.5 Mr. Ricardo, Meet the 21st Century -- 15.6 Linking Trade and Human Rights in the Americas -- 15.7 Afterword -- Notes -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- About the Authors.
Abstract:
Documents Annex: http://www.nyupress.org/justtradeannex/index.html While modern trade law and human rights law constitute two of the most active spheres in international law, follow similar intellectual trajectories, and often feature the same key actors and arenas, neither field has actively engaged with the other. They co-exist in relative isolation at best, peppered by occasional hostile debates. It has come to be a given that pro-trade laws are not good for human rights, and legislation that protects human rights hampers vibrant international trade. In a bold departure from this canon, Just Trade makes a case for reaching a middle-ground between these two fields, acknowledging their co-existence and the significant points at which they overlap. Using examples from many of the 35 nations of the Western Hemisphere, Berta Esperanza Hernández-Truyol and Stephen J. Powell combine their expertise to examine human rights policies involving conscripted child labor, sustainable development, promotion of health, equality of women, human trafficking, indigenous peoples, poverty, citizenship, and economic sanctions, never overlooking the very real human rights problems that arise from international trade. However, instead of viewing the two kinds of law as polar and sometimes hostile opposites, the authors make powerful suggestions for how these intersections may be navigated to promote an international marketplace that embraces both liberal trade and liberal protection of human rights.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
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