Contents -- Preface -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Plasticity -- 1.1.1 Mechanical properties of solids -- 1.1.2 Microscopic mechanisms -- Elastic behaviour -- Plastic behaviour -- 1.2 Organization and contents of the chapters -- 1.3 General References -- 2. The structure of crystalline solids -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Crystal geometry -- 2.2.1 Ideal crystal -- 2.3 Bravais lattices -- 2.3.1 Definition -- 2.3.2 Properties -- Non-unicity of the generating translations -- Lattice planes and rows -- Symmetry of the Bravais lattice -- Constraints on the rotation angles -- 2.4 Unit cells -- 2.4.1 Primitive unit cells -- 2.4.2 Conventional unit cells -- 2.4.3 Classification of the Bravais lattices. Cubic lattices -- a) Simple cubic lattice (abbreviated as SC) -- b) Body centered cubic lattice (abbreviated as BCC) -- c) Face centered cubic lattice (abbreviated as FCC) -- 2.5 Examples of crystal structures -- 2.5.1 Simple monoatomic structure packings -- Cubic close-packing -- Hexagonal close-packing -- Relationship between close-packings -- Body centered cubic packing -- 2.5.2 Physical realizations in metals -- Metallic alloys -- 2.5.3 Simple covalent structures -- 2.6 Non-crystalline solids -- 3. Mechanics of deformable solids -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Fundamental tensors -- 3.2.1 Strain and stress -- 3.2.2 Stiffness -- 3.3 Coordinate changes -- 3.4 Stiffness tensor and crystal symmetry -- 3.4.1 General constraints -- 3.4.2 Crystal symmetry -- 3.4.3 Mathematical transformation of tensors -- 3.5 Isotropic solids -- 3.5.1 Stiffness tensor -- 3.5.2 Basic equations -- 4. Vacancies, an example of point defects in crystals -- 4.1 Classification of defects in crystals -- 4.2 Stability of point-defects in solids -- 4.2.1 Statistical equilibrium -- 4.2.2 Concentration of defects at thermal equilibrium -- 4.3 Formation of vacancies -- 4.3.1 Formation energy.

Description of the elastic model -- Displacement field -- Induced strain and stress -- Elastic energy of a vacancy -- Energy of a vacancy in a metal -- 4.3.2 Random displacement of vacancies, diffusion -- Frequency of jumps -- Average free path of the vacancies -- Macroscopic diffusion of vacancies -- Self-diffusion of atoms -- Other types of point defects -- 5. The geometry of dislocations -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Straight edge dislocation -- 5.2.1 Hypothetical procedures of formation -- Addition or substraction of a half atomic plane -- Formation by partial slipping -- Amplitude of the slipping and primitive translations -- General definition of a dislocation -- 5.2.2 Burgers circuit and Burgers vector -- Burgers circuit -- Sign of the Burgers vector of an edge dislocation -- Physical meaning of the Burgers vector -- 5.2.3 Edge dislocation loops -- Rectangular loop -- Dislocation-loop of arbitrary shape -- 5.3 Other types of dislocations -- 5.3.1 Screw dislocation -- Formation by slipping -- Burgers vector -- 5.3.2 Mixed dislocation-loops -- 5.3.3 General properties of the Burgers vector -- 5.4 Volterra process of formation -- 5.4.1 Edge and screw dislocations -- Edge-dislocation formed by slipping -- Edge dislocation generated by adding or removing matter -- Screw dislocation -- 5.4.2 General case -- 5.5 Observation of dislocations -- 5.5.1 Reflexion of electrons by a crystal -- Bragg rule -- 5.5.2 How can a dislocation be observed? -- Deformation of lattice planes by a dislocation -- Imaging a dislocation -- Determination of the Burgers vector -- 5.5.3 Lattice planes and reciprocal lattice -- Reciprocal lattice -- Vector formulation of the Bragg rule -- 5.5.4 Diffraction of electron beams -- Selection of a given diffraction direction -- 6. Strain field of dislocations -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Strain and stress fields.

6.2.1 Screw dislocation -- Displacement field -- Strain and stress fields -- Elastic energy density -- Instability of dislocations -- 6.2.2 Straight edge dislocation -- Displacement field -- Strain and stress fields -- Elastic energy -- 6.2.3 Mixed straight dislocation -- 6.2.4 Elastic energy of a dislocation loop -- 6.3 Action of a stress on a dislocation -- 6.3.1 Effective force applied to a dislocation -- 6.3.2 Peach and Koehler formula -- 6.4 Line tension of a dislocation -- 6.5 Interaction between dislocations -- 6.5.1 Qualitative study -- Two edge-dislocations in the same glide plane -- Two parallel screw-dislocations -- One screw-dislocation and one, parallel, edge-dislocation -- 6.5.2 Quantitative study -- Forces between parallel screw dislocations -- Forces between parallel edge-dislocations -- Parallel dislocations of mixed types -- Non-parallel dislocations -- 6.6 Interaction between a dislocation and a vacancy -- 7. Interactions with the lattice -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Core structure of an edge dislocation -- 7.2.1 Lattice planes coordinates -- 7.2.2 Components of the core energy -- Elastic component of the core excess-energy -- Misfit across the glide plane -- 7.2.3 Determination of the core width -- 7.3 Peierls-Nabarro stress -- 7.3.1 Gliding of a dislocation -- 7.3.2 Principle of calculation of the Peierls-Nabarro stress -- 7.4 Dissociation of the dislocation core -- 8. Microscopic mechanism of plasticity -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Plastic deformation and local shear -- 8.2.1 Amplitude of the slips -- 8.2.2 Resolved shear stress -- 8.2.3 Crystallographic characteristics of the slips -- 8.3 Elementary slip and yield strength -- 8.3.1 Edge dislocations -- 8.3.2 Screw dislocations -- 8.3.3 Upper limit of the yield strength -- 8.3.4 Slip assisted by dislocation motion -- 8.3.5 Number of dislocations -- 8.4 Dislocation sources.

8.4.1 Change of configuration of dislocations -- 8.4.2 Frank-Read source -- 8.4.3 Spiral source -- 8.5 Dislocation glide and climb -- 8.6 Hardening -- 8.6.1 Pinning dislocations -- Interaction between two dislocations -- Pinning by a junction -- Pinning by the dislocation "forest" -- Pinning by a jog -- Pinning by a grain boundary -- 8.6.2 Hardening mechanism -- 8.6.3 Unpinning of the motion of dislocations -- Cross slip -- Amplification of the external stress -- 8.7 Effect of temperature -- 8.8 Deformation rate -- 8.8.1 Orowan formula -- 8.8.2 Dislocation velocity -- 8.9 Origin of the diversity of plastic behaviours -- 8.9.1 Easy-glide planes -- glide systems -- 8.9.2 Metals with an FCC or HC structure -- Metals with the hexagonal compact structure -- Metals with a cubic compact structure -- 8.9.3 Other solids -- Crystalline materials -- Glasses and amorphous alloys -- Quasicrystals: an intermediate behaviour -- Appendix A Exercises -- A.1 Structure of crystalline solids (chap. 2) -- A.2 Dislocations, Burgers vector (chap. 5) -- A.3 Deformations and forces (chap. 6) -- A.4 Core of a dislocation (chap. 7) -- A.5 Mechanism of plasticity (chap. 8) -- Appendix B Solutions to Exercises -- Index.