Contents -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- List of Contributors -- 1 New Frontiers in Stem Cell Science & Ethics: Current Technology & Future Challenges Muireann Quigley, Sarah Chan, and John Harris -- 1. DEBATING STEM CELL TECHNOLOGIES -- 2. STEM CELLS: SOME ETHICAL AND LEGAL ISSUES -- 3. FUTURE CHALLENGES AT THE NEW FRONTIERS OF SCIENCE? -- REFERENCES -- 2 The Monopoly of Moral Status in Debates on Embryonic Stem Cell Research Sorcha Uí Chonnachtaigh -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THE CONCEPTION VIEW -- 2.1 The Roman Catholic Position -- 2.2 Human Dignity -- 2.3 Genetic Individuality/Uniqueness -- 3. THE PERSONHOOD VIEW -- 3.1 Harrisian Personhood -- 3.2 Criticism of the Personhood View -- 4. THE INTERMEDIATE APPROACHES TO MORAL STATUS -- 4.1 The Gradualist View -- 4.1.1 Gradualism in Law -- 4.1.2 The Gradualist View of Moral Status -- 4.1.3 Sumner's Sentience-based Gradualist Account -- 4.1.4 Lockwood's Brain Birth Account -- 4.1.5 Objections to the Gradualist View -- 4.2 The Moderate View -- 4.2.1 Metaphysical versus Moral Personhood and the Moral Community -- 4.2.2 Robertson's Symbolic Value -- 4.2.3 Warren's Multi-criterial View -- 5. MORAL STATUS, MORAL VALUE -- 5.1 The Concept of Moral Status -- 5.2 A Sliding Scale of Moral Value -- 5.3 The Moral Value of the Embryo -- 6. THE MORAL STATUS OF THE EMBRYO AND PUBLIC POLICY -- REFERENCES -- 3 The Construction of the Embryo and Implications for Law Sheelagh McGuinness -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. WHAT IS CONSTRUCTION? -- 3. HOW IS THE EMBRYO CONSTRUCTED? -- 3.1 A Human Being38 -- 3.2 A Potential Person49 -- 3.3 An Unborn Child55 -- 3.4 As a Thing65 or Stuff k,66 -- 3.5 'Boundary Object'72 or a 'Moral Work Object'73 -- 3.6 A 'Legally Defined Entity'81 -- 4. CONSTRUCTIONS OF THE EMBRYO IN LAW -- 5. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 4 Legal Regulation of Human Stem Cell Technology Loane Skene.

1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THE EARLY LEGISLATION ON HUMAN STEM CELL RESEARCH -- 3. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN STEM CELL SCIENCE AND TREATMENT -- 3.1 Animals -- 3.2 Humans -- 4. REVIEWING THE REGULATORY STRUCTURE IN LIGHT OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS -- 5. OTHER POLICY ISSUES: PAYMENT FOR EGGS -- HUMAN-ANIMAL HYBRIDS -- 6. PITFALLS IN AMENDING LEGISLATION: THE EXAMPLE OF NEW RESEARCH ON MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASE -- 7. THE HEEREY COMMITTEE'S RECOMMENDATIONS -- 8. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 5 Human Embryos in Stem Cell Research: Property and Recompense Sarah Devaney -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. IVF EMBRYOS AND CONCEPTS OF PROPERTY -- 2.1 The Law's Approach to IVF Embryo Progenitors -- 2.2 The Nature of the Embryo in SC Research - Progenitors' Views -- 2.3 Recompense to Providers of 'Spare' IVF Embryos -- 3. PROTECTING THE INTERESTS OF THE EMBRYO PROVIDERS WITHIN A PROPERTY FRAMEWORK -- 3.1 Potential Conflicts between Patient and Tissue Provider Roles -- 3.2 Commodification -- 3.3 Disagreement or Disengagement on the Fate of the Embryo -- 4. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 6 Against the Discarded-Created Distinction in Embryonic Stem Cell Research Katrien Devolder -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1 The Dilemma -- 2. THE DISCARDED-CREATED DISTINCTION -- 2.1 Discarded Embryos -- 2.2 Created Embryos -- 3. ARGUMENTS FOR USING DISCARDED IVF EMBRYOS -- 3.1 Beneficence -- 3.2 Proportionality -- 4. ARGUMENTS FOR THE DISCARDED-CREATED DISTINCTION -- 4.1 The Least Controversial Approach -- 4.2 The Nothing-Is-Lost Argument -- 4.2.1 Initiating Circumstances Ensuring that the Loss would Occur in Any Case -- 4.2.2 Initiating Circumstances Ensuring that Future Losses will Occur in Any Case -- 4.3 Something will be Lost -- 4.3.1 First Disanalogy -- 4.3.2 Second Disanalogy -- 5. A FINAL ATTEMPT TO SAVE THE DISCARDED-CREATED DISTINCTION -- 5.1 Using Research Embryos Contributes to a Greater Loss.

5.2 Worse that Embryos Die for Research than for Reproduction -- 5.2.1 Research Embryos are Treated as Mere Means -- 5.2.2 Discarded IVF Embryos Die in the Service of More Important Goods -- 6. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 7 Stem Cell Therapies & Benefiting from the Fruits of Banned Research Muireann Quigley -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. STEM CELLS, COMPLICITY, AND MORAL WRONG-DOING -- 3. ARE hESC THERAPIES MORALLY TAINTED? -- 3.1 On Causing and Benefiting -- 3.2 Moral Encouragement of Wrongdoing -- 3.3 Complicity through Benefit and the Problem of Collective Action -- 4. FAIRNESS AND RECIPROCITY IN (STEM CELL) RESEARCH -- 5. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 8 Who Do You Call a Hypocrite? Stem Cells and Comparative Hypocritology Søren Holm -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. INCONSISTENCY AND HYPOCRISY -- 2.1 Consistency and Coherence -- 2.2 Is it Hypocritical to be Inconsistent? -- 3. HYPOCRISY AND BENEFITING FROM PAST WRONGDOING -- 4. COMPARATIVE HYPOCRITOLOGY AND DEMOCRATIC POLITICS -- 5. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 9 Stem Cell Research and Same-Sex Reproduction Thomas Douglas, Catherine Harding, Hannah Bourne, and Julian Savulescu -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. CHOICE -- 3. TREATMENT VERSUS ENHANCEMENT -- 4. UNNATURALNESS -- 5. THE WELL-BEING OF THE CHILD -- 5.1 Parenting Skills -- 5.2 Discrimination and Disapproval -- 5.3 Disturbing Knowledge -- 6. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 10 The Permissibility of Recruiting Patients With Spinal Cord Injury for Clinical Stem Cell Trials Anna Pacholczyk and John Harris -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. VULNERABILITY -- 2.1 Vulnerable Means Depressed? -- 3. INFORMED CONSENT -- 3.1 Therapeutic Misconception -- 4. AUTONOMY, VULNERABILITY, AND LEGITIMATE REASONS -- 4.1 Only Fools Go First? -- 4.2 Lack of Consent and the Duty to Participate in Research -- 5. CONCLUSION: ENHANCING THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS UNDER TIME CONSTRAINTS -- REFERENCES.

Bibliography -- Literature -- Lectures and Presentations -- Newspaper Articles, Press Releases, Blogposts, and Online Resources -- Reports & Guidelines -- Hansard -- Legislation -- England and Wales -- Australia -- Canada -- Case Law -- United Kingdom -- European Union -- Index.