Agency in the Emergence of Creole Languages -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Dedication page -- Table of contents -- Acknowledgements -- List of contributors -- Abbreviations -- Marginalized Peoples, Racialized slavery and the emergence of the Atlantic Creoles -- 1. Economic vs. cultural factors in the emergence of racialized slavery -- 2. Reconciling the economic and cultural positions -- 2.1 Ira Berlin: Charter Generation vs. Plantation Generation slaves -- 2.2 Heywood & Thornton: Creole slaves vs. non-Creole slaves -- 2.3 Initial progress, but not far enough -- 3. Debates concerning Creole Genesis: Chaudenson and Berlin -- 4. Rethinking of dominant discourses on Atlantic history and society -- 4.1 Demographics and sociétés de cohabitation -- 4.2 Renegade communities -- 4.2.1 Maroons -- 4.2.2 Pirates -- 4.3 Failed attempts at European colonization of the Caribbean -- 4.4 The French, the English, and sociétés de cohabitation -- 5. Renegades, resistance, and the emergence of capitalism, racialized slavery, and creole cultures and languages -- African Agency in the Emergence of the Atlantic Creoles -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Erroneous assumptions -- 2.1 Eurocentric notions: Monolingualism, nonoculturalism, unitary identity -- 2.2 Outdated classification of African languages -- 2.3 The 'one and only substrate' -- 2.4 Universals before substrates -- 3. Conclusion -- Women and Colonial Era Creolization -- 1. History and women's agency in the caribbean -- 2. Women, cohabitation, and habitation: Broad but covert creolization -- 3. Women and plantation: Narrow but overt creolization -- 4. Women, language, and creolization -- Indigenous Peoples and the emergence of the Caribbean Creoles -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean and the mythical 'Arawak-Carib Divide' -- 3. Creolization and sociétés de cohabitation.

4. Demographics and indigenous influence on Caribbean Creoles -- 5. Sociolinguistics and indigenous influence on Caribbean Creoles -- 6. Economics and indigenous influence on Caribbean Creoles -- 7. Politics and indigenous influence on Caribbean Creoles -- 8. Culture and indigenous influence on Caribbean Creoles -- Linguistic evidence for the influence of indigenous Caribbean grammars on the grammars of the Atlantic Creoles -- 1. Introduction: A comparison of linguistic features found in the Atlantic Creoles -- 2. Phonology and sentence level morphosyntax in the Atlantic Creoles and in North Arawakan -- 3. Serial verb constructions in the Atlantic Creoles and in North Arawakan -- 4. Copulas in the Atlantic Creoles and in North Arawakan -- 5. Tense, modality, and aspect in the Atlantic Creoles and in North Arawakan -- 6. Patterns of multifunctionality in the Atlantic Creoles and in North Arawakan -- 7. Nominals and noun phrases in the Atlantic Creoles and in North Arawakan -- 8. Conclusions -- Sociétés de cohabitation and the similarities between the English lexifier Creoles of the Atlantic and the Pacific -- 1. Introduction: Making a case for diffusion from the Afro-Atlantic to the pacific -- 1.1 Sociétés de cohabitation -- 2. Linguistic evidence -- 2.1 Additional features shared by Atlantic and Pacific English lexifier Creoles -- 3. Accounting for the similarities between the Atlantic and pacific ELCS -- 3.1 Critical populations, times, and places in the emergence of Pacific ELCS -- 3.2 British and American sailors of African descent during the 19th century -- 3.3 Local recruitment of sailors in West Africa and the Pacific -- 3.4 Sailors of African descent and Indigenous Pacific sailors constitute the majority on Pacific whalers -- 3.5 Diffusion via Cohabitation between Metropolitan and Pacific Islander Sailors in Pacific Ports.

3.6 Diffusion via cohabitation between metropolitan beachcombers and Pacific Islanders -- 3.7 Indigenous Pacific women as linguistic and cultural mediators -- 3.8 Indigenous Pacific sailors in the Pacific and beyond -- 3.9 Indigenous Pacific beachcombers -- 4. Conclusion: Sociétés de cohabitation, Afro-Atlantic english lexifier contact varieties, and the matrix for creolization in the Pacific -- Influences of Houma ancestral languages on Houma French -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The historical roots and development of houma French -- 2.1 The ancestral language of the Houma Nation -- 2.2 Indigenous peoples and pluri-lingualism -- 2.2.1 Out-marriage, trade, and indigenous pluri-lingualism: Trade languages -- 2.3 Indigeneity, pluri-lingualism, and pluri-culturalism -- 2.4 Colonialism and the emergence of baragouins from indigenous trade languages -- 2.5 European languages added to indigenous pluri-linguistic repertoires -- 2.6 Indigenous pluri-lingualism, the Houma Nation, and the emergence of Houma French -- 3. Houma ancestral language influences on Houma French -- 3.1 Toward a multi-causal analysis for the development of Houma French -- 3.2 Common misconceptions -- 3.3 Convergence and the acknowledgement of indigenous influences -- 3.4 Ancestral Houma languages and the vowels of Houma French -- 3.5 Ancestral Houma languages and the consonants of Houma French -- 3.6 Ancestral Houma languages and intonation in Houma French -- 3.7 Preliminary notes on ancestral Houma languages and the noun phrase of Houma French -- 3.8 Preliminary notes on ancestral Houma languages and the verb phrase of Houma French -- 4. Some linguistic considerations for the teaching of Houma French -- Appendix: Transcriptions -- Marginalized peoples and Creole Genesis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The founder principle and science -- 2.1 Darwinism, patriarchy, and language.

2.2 'Bottom-up' science, linguistics, and creolistics -- 3. Critiques of the application of the founder principle to the study of language -- 4. Who were the 'founders' of the Atlantic Creole domain? -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Index.