Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Key informants -- List of contributors -- Symbols and abbreviations -- 1 Normal growth and development -- Physical growth and its measurement -- Physical development -- Developmental milestones -- Cognitive development -- Language development -- Social development -- Psychological theories of attachment -- Promoting child health and health promotion models -- Immunization -- 2 Care of the child/young person and family -- Working with families -- Communication with the child and family -- Family nursing -- Working with siblings -- Using nursing models in practice -- Partnership model of nursing -- How to write a care plan -- Evaluation of care -- The importance of play -- Diversionary/normal play -- Preparation and post-procedural play -- Directed and hospital role play -- Guided imagery -- Education and the ill child -- Patient and parent information and education -- Dealing with parental aggression -- Writing a patient information leaflet -- 3 Care of the child/young person and family in hospital -- Risk assessment -- The effects of hospitalization -- Preparing children for hospital -- Making the environment child and young person orientated -- Admission to hospital -- Parental participation in care -- Preparing for discharge -- 4 Care of the child/young person and family in the community -- Effects of being a sick child or young person at home -- Managing long-term conditions in the community setting -- Communication with professionals -- Working with technology-dependent children at home -- Working with diverse communities -- NHS walk-in centres -- 5 Assessing the sick child -- Principles of physical assessment -- Assessing a child's temperature -- Assessing a child's heart rate -- Assessing a child's respiratory rate -- Assessing a child's blood pressure -- Observation of the sick child.

Recognition of the sick child -- 6 Nursing care of the sick child -- Management of procedural pain -- Pain assessment tools -- Pre-operative care -- 7 Fundamental skills -- Handwashing -- Prevention and control of infection -- Personal protective equipment -- Patient equipment -- Patient placement -- Safe handling and disposal of clinical waste -- Laundry -- Meeting children's hygiene needs -- Oral hygiene -- Assessment of a child with a wound -- Selecting a wound dressing for a child -- Eye care -- Ear care -- Pressure ulcers -- Fluid requirements in children -- Fluid balance monitoring -- Assessing dehydration -- Assisting with taking a blood sample -- Assisting with cannulation and cannula care -- Site management of a peripheral cannula -- Tunnelled central intravenous line care -- Safe administration of blood products and blood transfusion -- Caring for an indwelling urethral catheter -- Care of a child with raised body temperature -- Manual handling and children -- Cervical spine injury -- Care of the child with potential cervical spine injury: moving and handling -- Radiological and clinical clearance of potential Cervical spine injury -- Supportive holding and restraint -- 8.1 Skin problems and communicable diseases -- Anatomy and physiology of the skin -- Paediatric thermal injuries -- Fluid resuscitation in paediatric thermal injury -- Burns: reconstructive surgery -- Scabies -- Impetigo -- Eczema (atopic dermatitis) -- Shingles -- Acne -- Mumps -- Measles -- Rubella -- Chickenpox -- Herpes simplex -- Fifth disease -- Glandular fever (infective mononucleosis) -- Scarlet fever -- Hand, foot, and mouth disease -- MCV -- Whooping cough (pertussis) -- Ringworm -- Threadworm -- Head lice -- Ammoniacal nappy rash -- Candida of the mouth and nappy area -- Seborrhoeic dermatitis -- Psoriasis -- Urticaria (nettle rash or hives) -- Clinical skills.

Burns dressings -- Gluing wounds -- Suturing wounds -- Wet wrapping with Tubifast -- 8.2 Neurological problems -- The role and function of the nervous system -- The unconscious child -- Epilepsy -- Head injury management -- Acquired brain injury -- Cerebral palsy -- The paralysed child -- Meningitis -- Meningococcal disease -- Care of a child with febrile convulsions -- Space-occupying lesions -- Benign intracranial hypertension -- Related skills -- Lumbar puncture -- Coma scale -- Neurological observations -- 8.3 Respiratory problems -- Anatomy and physiology -- Apnoea -- Asthma -- Recognition of respiratory distress -- Bronchiolitis -- Croup syndromes -- Epiglottitis -- Pneumonia -- Respiratory Syncytial Virus -- Related skills -- Pulse oximetry -- Nasopharyngeal aspirate -- Administration of oxygen (O[sub(2)]) -- Clinical skills -- Tracheostomy, changing tapes, and cleaning stoma site -- Tracheostomy: suctioning a tracheostomy -- Clinical skills -- Changing a tracheostomy tube -- Oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal suctioning -- Performing nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal suction in children -- Listening to chests -- Chest physiotherapy -- Chest drain -- Using a humidifier -- Peak-flow monitoring (new EU device) -- 8.4 Cardiovascular problems -- Anatomy and physiology of the circulatory System -- Congestive heart failure -- Care of the child with congestive heart failure -- Shock -- Related skills -- Cardiovascular status -- ECG traces -- 8.5 Gastrointestinal problems -- Anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal system -- The main functions and structure of the liver -- Appendicitis -- Peritonitis -- Pyloric stenosis -- Mesenteric adenitis -- Gastroenteritis -- Coeliac disease(gluten-sensitive enteropathy) -- Constipation -- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) -- Crohn's disease -- Ulcerative colitis -- Hirschsprung's disease -- Hernia.

Oesophageal atresia -- Biliary atresia -- Childhood obesity -- Management of childhood obesity -- ABC of viral hepatitis -- Hepatitis A virus (HAV) -- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) -- Hepatitis C virus (HCV) -- Dental caries -- Posseting -- Infantile colic -- Rickets -- Intestinal obstruction -- Related skills -- Nutritional management: calculating infant feeds and energy requirements -- Gastrostomy care -- Passing a short-term (PVC) NG tube -- Enteral feeding tubes -- Feeding via an NG tube -- How to change a stoma bag -- 8.6 Genito-urinary problems -- Anatomy and physiology of the renal system -- Nephrotic syndrome -- Chronic renal failure -- Acute renal failure -- Vesico-ureteral reflux -- Acute glomerulonephritis -- Haemolytic uraemic syndrome -- Circumcision -- Renal transplantation in children -- Ethical issues in the live donation of organs/tissue by children -- Related skills -- Suprapubic urinalysis -- Clean catch urine -- Clean catch urine from a baby -- Normal composition of urine -- Normal blood values -- Principles of haemodialysis -- Principles of peritoneal dialysis -- 8.7 Reproductive problems -- Male reproductive system -- Female reproductive system -- Menstrual problems -- Delayed puberty -- Precocious puberty -- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in children and young people -- Contraception -- Effect of chemotherapy on fertility -- Sexual assault -- Hydrocoele -- Undescended testicle (cryptorchidism) -- Hypospadias -- Clinical skills -- Examination of external female genitalia -- Examination of external male genitalia -- 8.8 Musculoskeletal problems -- Bone -- Skeletal muscle -- Classification of fractures -- Treatment of fractures -- Management of a child with a fractured femur -- Fractured tibia and fibula -- Supracondylar fracture of humerus -- Fractured radius and ulna -- Fractures of metacarpals and metatarsals.

External fixation -- Acute osteomyelitis -- Scoliosis -- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) -- Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) -- Congenital talipes equino-varus (CTEV) or talipes -- Irritable hip (transient synovitis) -- Perthes disease -- Related skills -- Skin traction: application and care (principles) -- Gallows traction: application and care (principles) -- Pin-site care -- Care of a child in plaster -- Observing for neurovascular impairment and compartment syndrome -- Thomas splint traction -- Caring for children in hip spicas -- Removing skeletal wires, pins, or screws -- Dealing with an orthopaedic emergency -- 8.9 Sensory problems -- Anatomy and physiology of the ear -- Anatomy and physiology of the nose -- Anatomy and physiology of the throat -- The main structures of the eye -- Acute otitis media -- Chronic otitis media -- Grommet insertion -- Tonsillitis and tonsillectomy -- Adenoidectomy -- Strabismus -- Surgical management of strabismus -- Post-operative care following strabismus surgery -- Conjunctivitis -- Deafness -- Epistaxis -- Clinical skills -- Assisting in the examination of the eye -- Examination of the ear -- Examination of the throat -- Examination of the nose -- 8.10 Haematology and immunity problems -- The blood -- Immune protection in children -- Anaemia -- Sickle cell disease (SCD) -- Management of sickle cell disease -- Haemophilia -- Henoch-Schönlein purpura -- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) -- Thalassaemia -- Thrombocytopaenia -- HIV infection -- Primary deficiencies of the innate immune system in children -- Antibody deficiencies in children -- Severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCIDs) in children -- Care of the immunosuppressed child -- 8.11 Oncology -- Related physiology -- The child with cancer -- Paediatric brain tumours -- Bone tumours -- Neuroblastoma -- Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS).

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).