e9780123859426v1 -- Front Cover -- Handbook of Stem Cells: Volume 1: Pluripotent Stem Cells -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contributors -- Chapter 1 - Why Stem Cell Research? Advances in the Field -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2 - ``Stemness'': Definitions, Criteria, and Standards -- INTRODUCTION -- WHAT IS A STEM CELL? -- WHERE DO STEM CELLS COME FROM? -- HOW ARE STEM CELLS IDENTIFIED, ISOLATED, AND CHARACTERIZED? -- STEMNESS: PROGRESS TOWARD A MOLECULAR DEFINITION OF STEM CELLS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3 - Pluripotential Stem Cells from Vertebrate Embryos: Present Perspective and Future Challenges -- INTRODUCTION -- BIOLOGY OF ES AND ESL CELLS -- STEM CELL THERAPY -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- FURTHER READING -- Chapter 4 - Embryonic Stem Cells in Perspective -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5 - The Molecular Circuitry Underlying Pluripotency in Embryonic Stem Cells and iPS Cells -- INTRODUCTION -- SIGNALING NETWORKS UNDERLYING PLURIPOTENCY -- LIF AND BMP SIGNALING PATHWAYS REGULATE MOUSE ESC SELF-RENEWAL -- TGFβ AND FGF SIGNALING PATHWAYS REGULATE HUMAN ESC SELF-RENEWAL -- WNT SIGNALING IS A CONSERVED REGULATOR OF PLURIPOTENCY ACROSS SPECIES -- SIGNALING PATHWAYS INHIBIT DIFFERENTIATION AND CONVERGE ON CORE TRANSCRIPTIONAL CIRCUITRY TO MAINTAIN PLURIPOTENCY -- INDUCED PLURIPOTENCY, STOCHASTICITY, AND SIGNALING THRESHOLDS -- PERSPECTIVES -- REFERENCES -- FURTHER READING -- Chapter 6 - Molecular Organization of Cells -- INTRODUCTION -- MOLECULES THAT ORGANIZE CELLS -- THE EMT TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROGRAM -- MOLECULAR CONTROL OF THE EMT -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7 - Stem Cell Niches -- INTRODUCTION -- STEM CELL NICHE HYPOTHESIS -- STEM CELL NICHES IN THE DROSOPHILA GERM LINE -- THE GERM-LINE STEM CELL NICHE IN THE DROSOPHILA OVARY -- GERM-LINE STEM CELL NICHE IN THE DROSOPHILA TESTIS.

COORDINATE CONTROL OF GERM-LINE STEM CELL AND SOMATIC STEM CELL MAINTENANCE AND PROLIFERATION -- STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF THE NICHE -- STEM CELL NICHES WITHIN MAMMALIAN TISSUES -- MAMMALIAN TESTIS -- HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM -- MAMMALIAN EPIDERMIS -- HAIR FOLLICLE -- INTERFOLLICULAR EPIDERMIS -- GUT EPITHELIUM -- NEURAL STEM CELLS -- SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 8 - Mechanisms of Stem Cell Self-Renewal -- SELF-RENEWAL OF PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 9 - Cell Cycle Regulators in Stem Cells -- INTRODUCTION -- CELL CYCLE KINETICS OF STEM CELLS IN VIVO -- STEM CELL EXPANSION EX VIVO -- MAMMALIAN CELL CYCLE REGULATION AND CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITORS -- ROLES OF CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITORS IN STEM CELL REGULATION -- ROLES OF P21 IN STEM CELL REGULATION -- ROLES OF P27 IN STEM CELL REGULATION -- OTHER CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITORS AND THE RETINOBLASTOMA PATHWAY IN STEM CELL REGULATION -- RELATION BETWEEN CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITORS AND TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR β-1 -- CKIS AND NOTCH -- SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 10 - Cell Fusion and the Differentiated State -- INTRODUCTION -- HYBRID CELLS AND DIFFERENTIATED PHENOTYPES -- HYBRIDS OF PLURIPOTENT CELLS -- REPROGRAMMING SOMATIC CELL NUCLEI WITH EC, ES, OR EG CELL CYTOPLASM -- CELL FUSION AND THE DEMONSTRATION OF STEM CELL PLASTICITY -- SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- FURTHER READING -- Chapter 11 - How Cells Change Their Phenotype -- INTRODUCTION -- METAPLASIA AND TRANSDIFFERENTIATION -- WHY STUDY TRANSDIFFERENTIATION? -- EXAMPLES OF THE PHENOMENON -- DEDIFFERENTIATION AS A PREREQUISITE FOR TRANSDIFFERENTIATION -- HOW TO CHANGE A CELL'S PHENOTYPE EXPERIMENTALLY -- SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- FURTHER READING.

Chapter 12 - Somatic Cloning and Epigenetic Reprogramming in Mammals -- INTRODUCTION - SHORT HISTORY OF SOMATIC CLONING -- TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF SOMATIC NUCLEAR TRANSFER -- SUCCESS RATES OF SOMATIC CLONING AND THE QUESTION OF NORMALITY OF CLONED OFFSPRING -- EPIGENETIC REPROGRAMMING -- APPLICATION OF SOMATIC NUCLEAR TRANSFER -- INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS (IPS) -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 13 - Engineered Proteins for Controlling Gene Expression -- INTRODUCTION -- GENETIC REPROGRAMMING AND THE REGULATION OF GENE NETWORKS -- MOLECULAR ENGINEERING OF NATURAL TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -- SYNTHETIC TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS FOR TARGETED GENE REGULATION -- DELIVERY AND REGULATION -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 14 - Differentiation in Early Development -- PREIMPLANTATION DEVELOPMENT -- FROM IMPLANTATION TO GASTRULATION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 15 - Developmental Mechanisms of Regeneration -- INTRODUCTION -- MECHANISMS OF REGENERATION -- SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OF REGENERATIVE MECHANISMS -- HOW CAN THESE REGENERATIVE MECHANISMS BE APPLIED TO REGENERATIVE MEDICINE? -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 16 - Primordial Germ Cells in Mouse and Human -- INTRODUCTION -- ORIGIN OF THE GERM CELL LINEAGE -- MIGRATION -- GERM CELLS IN THE GENITAL RIDGE -- EMBRYONIC GERM CELLS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 17 - Cell-ECM Interactions in Repair and Regeneration -- INTRODUCTION -- COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY OF THE ECM -- RECEPTORS FOR EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX MOLECULES -- SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION EVENTS DURING CELL-ECM INTERACTIONS -- CELL-ECM INTERACTIONS DURING HEALING OF SKIN WOUNDS -- CELL-ECM INTERACTIONS DURING REGENERATION -- IMPLICATIONS FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 18 - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells -- INTRODUCTION -- GENERATION OF IPS CELLS -- MOLECULAR MECHANISMS IN IPS CELL INDUCTION.

RECAPITULATION OF DISEASE ONTOLOGY AND DRUG SCREENING -- IPS CELL BANKING -- SAFETY CONCERNS FOR MEDICAL APPLICATION -- MEDICAL APPLICATION -- DIRECT FATE SWITCH -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 19 - Feeder-Free and Defined Culture Conditions for hESC Growth -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. FEEDER-FREE CULTURE METHODS USING CONDITIONED MEDIUM AND MATRIGEL OR LAMININ -- 2. FEEDER-FREE CULTURE METHODS USING DEFINED CONDITIONS -- 3. CRYOPRESERVING HESCS -- 4. CHARACTERIZATION OF HESC CULTURES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 20 - Isolation and Maintenance of Murine Embryonic Stem Cells -- INTRODUCTION -- MAINTENANCE OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS -- MEDIA -- SERA -- COLONY-FORMING ASSAY FOR TESTING CULTURE CONDITIONS -- EMBRYONIC STEM CELL PASSAGE CULTURE -- ISOLATION OF NEW EMBRYONIC STEM CELL LINES -- METHOD FOR DERIVATION OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS -- SUMMARY -- FURTHER READING -- Chapter 21 - Isolation and Maintenance of Primate ES Cells -- INTRODUCTION -- WHAT ARE PRIMATE ES CELLS? -- TECHNIQUES FOR THE DERIVATION OF HES CELL LINES -- ``LATE STAGE'' EMBRYOS -- DERIVATION OF HES CELL SUBCLONES -- METHODS FOR HES CELL CULTURE -- PRIMATE VERSUS MES CELLS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 22 - Embryonic Stem Cells: Derivation and Properties -- INTRODUCTION -- DERIVATION OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS -- CULTURE OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS -- DEVELOPMENTAL POTENTIAL OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 23 - Approaches for Derivation and Maintenance of Human ES Cells: Detailed Procedures and Alternatives -- INTRODUCTION -- SETTING UP THE LAB -- PREPARING AND SCREENING REAGENTS -- MECHANICAL PASSAGING OF HES CELL COLONIES -- DERIVATION OF HES CELLS -- MAINTENANCE OF ESTABLISHED HES CELL CULTURES -- FREEZING HES CELLS -- THAWING HES CELLS -- HES CELL QUALITY CONTROL -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 24 - Alternate Sources of Human Embryonic Stem Cells.

INTRODUCTION -- SINGLE BLASTOMERE BIOPSY -- ORGANISMICALLY DEAD EMBRYOS -- CONCLUSION -- ADDENDUM -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 25 - Genetic Approaches in Human Embryonic Stem Cells and their Derivatives: Prospects for Regenerative Medicine -- INTRODUCTION -- MAINTAINING UNDIFFERENTIATED HESCS -- GENETIC APPROACHES TO MANIPULATING HESCS -- DIFFERENTIATION OF HESCS INTO TISSUE-SPECIFIC LINEAGES AND TRANSPLANTATION OF HESC-DERIVED CELLS -- GENETIC MODIFICATIONS OF HESC-DERIVED PROGENIES -- POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF GENETICALLY MANIPULATED HESCS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 26 - Genetic Manipulation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells -- INTRODUCTION -- METHODS OF GENETIC MANIPULATION -- GENETIC MODIFICATION APPROACHES -- SUMMARY -- ADDENDUM -- INTRODUCTION -- REFINEMENT IN NUCLEIC ACID INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGIES -- VIRAL INFECTION -- GENE SILENCING - RNA INTERFERENCE -- GENE TARGETING -- CONDITIONAL VECTORS -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 27 - Homologous Recombination in Human Embryonic Stem Cells -- INTRODUCTION -- TARGETED ABLATION OF THE HPRT1 GENE AS A TOOL TO OPTIMIZE HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION EFFICIENCY -- OCT4 EGFP/NEO KNOCK-IN -- TH EGFP KNOCK-IN -- SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 28 - Derivation and Differentiation of Human Embryonic Germ Cells -- INTRODUCTION -- HUMAN EMBRYONIC GERM CELL DERIVATION -- EMBRYOID BODY-DERIVED CELLS -- FURTHER READING -- Chapter 29 - Growth Factors and the Serum-Free Culture of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells -- INTRODUCTION -- MOUSE EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA AND EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS -- HUMAN EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA CELLS -- HUMAN EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS -- BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR (FGF-2) AND KNOCKOUT SERUM REPLACER -- SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE (S1P) AND PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR -- FUTURE PROSPECTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 30 - Feeder-Free Culture.

INTRODUCTION.