Plea for British Black Theologies : The Black Church Movement in Britain in its transatlantic cultural and theological interaction with special reference to the Pentecostal Oneness (Apostolic) and Sabbatarian Movements.
Title:
Plea for British Black Theologies : The Black Church Movement in Britain in its transatlantic cultural and theological interaction with special reference to the Pentecostal Oneness (Apostolic) and Sabbatarian Movements.
Author:
Gerloff, Roswith I.H.
ISBN:
9783653022285
Personal Author:
Physical Description:
1 online resource (1140 pages)
Series:
Studien zur interkulturellen Geschichte des Christentums / Etudes d'histoire interculturelle de christianisme / Studies in the Intercultural History of Christianity ; v.77
Studien zur interkulturellen Geschichte des Christentums / Etudes d'histoire interculturelle de christianisme / Studies in the Intercultural History of Christianity
Contents:
TABLE OF CONTENTS -- VOLUME ONE -- FOREWORD IX -- PREFACE XI -- SYNOPSIS XV -- TABLE OF CONTENTS XVII -- LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS XXIX -- PART ONE: GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 -- CHAPTER 1. FACT-FINDING PROCESS 1 -- A. MEETING POINT BRITAIN 1 -- a. The story 1 -- b. The title 3 -- 1. People 4 -- 2. Research 4 -- 3. Culture 5 -- 4. Theology 5 -- 5. Bible 5 -- c. About the author 6 -- 1. Theologically 6 -- 2. Culturally 6 -- 3. Academically 7 -- 4. Religiously 7 -- 5. Educationally 7 -- B. THE HERMENEUTIC FRAMEWORK 8 -- a. Migration and Mission 8 -- b. Bible and Blackness 12 -- c. Leadership and Legitimacy (including literature report) 16 -- Controversies 18 -- 1. The relative social deprivation theory 18 -- 2. Experience of English racialism 21 -- C. METHODOLOGY 24 -- a. Criteria 24 -- 1. Turner's approach 25 -- 2. Own criteria 27 -- i. Listening 27 -- ii. Friendship 27 -- iii. Understanding Pentecost 27 -- iv. Leading questions 29 -- v. 'Just be yourself' 29 -- vi. Pastoral care 29 -- vii. Direct observation and conflicts 30 -- viii. Checking and counter-checking findings 30 -- ix. People speaking for themselves 30 -- x. Deep and lasting commitment 31 -- b. Research techniques 32 -- 1. Data collection 32 -- 2. Periods of research 32 -- 3. Problems of research 34 -- 4. Statistics 34 -- c. Presentation 36 -- 1. Quotations 36 -- 2. Terminology 36 -- 3. Inconsistencies and omissions 39 -- 4. Structure of the dissertation 40 -- CHAPTER 2. DEVELOPMENT OF THE BLACK CHURCH MOVEMENT IN BRITAIN FROM 1952 43 -- A. THE CHALLENGE 43 -- a. The African diaspora 43 -- b. The theological challenge 44 -- 1. A modern development in church history 44 -- 2. Black invisibility 45 -- 3. A testimony 46 -- B. A VARIETY OF THEOLOGIES IN A VARIETY OF CULTURES 48 -- a. A rich cultural heritage 48 -- b. Theologies in context 49 -- 1. African Methodists 50.
2. Revivalists and Spiritual Baptists 50 -- 3. Sabbatarians 51 -- 4. Holiness movements 51 -- 5. Trinitarian Pentecostals 51 -- 6. Oneness (Apostolic) Pentecostals 53 -- 7. Revival (Healing) Pentecostals 53 -- 8. African Indigenous churches 54 -- 9. Rastafari and the Ethiopian Orthodox Church 54 -- 10. Anglo-Catholics 54 -- 11. Asian independent fellowships 55 -- C. SIX PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT 1952-1990 55 -- a. The early mission 55 -- b. Denominationalization 55 -- c. Proliferation 57 -- d. Stabilization 57 -- e. Formation of interdenominational, interracial and intercultural partnership 58 -- f. A Time to Speak 60 -- D. COMMON AFRICAN ELEMENTS 61 -- a. Experience of God 61 -- b. Narrativity of theology 61 -- c. Power of the Spirit 62 -- d. Worship as empowerment 64 -- e. Agents of healing 65 -- PART TWO: TWO CASE STUDIES 67 -- CHAPTER 3. THE PENTECOSTAL ONENESS (APOSTOLIC) MOVEMENT AS A DYNAMIC MODEL OF THE AFRICAN DIASPORA 67 -- I. YOU ARE THE SONS AND DAUGHTERS OF GOD AND FILLED WITH THE POWER OF THE RESURRECTED CHRIST… 67 -- A. POWER IN THE NAME OF JESUS 67 -- a. 'Apostolic' worship in Keith, St. Ann, Jamaica 67 -- b. 'Apostolic' worship in Watford, England 73 -- B. THE 'NEW ISSUE' IN THE EARLY PENTECOSTAL MOVEMENT IN NORTH AMERICA 77 -- a. A general synopsis (tables and literature) 77 -- 1. Reconciling the oral and the literary traditions 83 -- 2. Tracing the Pentecostal Oneness (Apostolic) movement through its racial and cross-cultural history 84 -- 3. Pursuing the Pentecostal Oneness (Apostolic) movement through the process of proliferation, segmentation and reticulation as a positive means for growth 85 -- b. The 'New Issue' 1913-1916 - theological, cultural and racial implications of the early controversy 87 -- 1. Theological implications 87 -- 2. Racial implications 93 -- 3. Cultural implications 98.
c. The Pentecostal Assemblies of the World and racial segregation 1917-1945 106 -- 1. The PAW in formative years 106 -- 2. Segregation along racial lines 109 -- 3. The Pentecostal Assemblies of Jesus Christ - confusion on the mission field 112 -- C. IMPACT ON THE MISSION FIELD, AND THE ROLE OF SPIRITUAL PARENTS 117 -- a. Organizational connections 118 -- 1. The PAW Foreign Missions 118 -- 2. The Canadian movement 119 -- 3. The mission strategies of the PAJC 120 -- b. Spiritual parents 121 -- 1. Garfield Thomas Haywood 121 -- 2. Robert Clarence Lawson 124 -- 3. Sherrod C. Johnson 126 -- 4. Randolph A. Carr 130 -- II. NO MORE POOR MEN'S RELIGION… 135 -- Theology en route 135 -- A. HOPE OF REDEMPTION - THE RELIGIOUS, CULTURAL AND SOCIO-POLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ONENESS (APOSTOLIC) PENTECOSTALISM IN JAMAICA 135 -- a. Third force in Christendom (Van Dusen) - Apostolic worship in Keith, St. Ann, interpreted 135 -- 1. Rooted in Biblical faith 136 -- 2. Rooted in African culture 137 -- 3. Experience of ONE power interrelating life 137 -- 4. Trust in imminent judgement 138 -- 5. Strong sense of community 138 -- b. Religion and culture 139 -- c. Class, race and the international order 142 -- d. Two Jamaicas and the search for unification of disparate trends 145 -- B. LITERATURE AND FACT-FINDING PROCESS IN JAMAICA 150 -- a. Pentecostalism in Jamaica 151 -- b. Revivalist elements in the Pentecostal (Apostolic) movement 153 -- c. An oral tradition 156 -- 1. Viewpoint of official information services 156 -- 2. Anthropological and related approaches 157 -- 3. Viewpoint of the historic churches 157 -- 4. Stance of the Evangelical and Pentecostal Trinitarian denominations 158 -- d. Statistics 161 -- C. MISSION, PROLIFERATION AND GROWTH IN JAMAICA 163 -- a. The early Jamaican movement from 1919 - the 'promise fulfilled' 163 -- b. Spiritual mothers and fathers 168.
1. Melvina E. White 168 -- 2. George A. White 172 -- 3. The role of women leaders 175 -- D. RETICULATION, SEGMENTATION, CONTEXTUALIZATION, AND MIGRATION TO BRITAIN 178 -- a. The inner dynamics of movement organization (Gerlach-Hine) 178 -- 1. Reticulate (or polycephalous, cellular) organization 179 -- 2. Face-to-face recruitment along pre-existing significant social relationships 179 -- 3. Personal commitment of leaders, 'witnesses' and members 179 -- 4. Change-oriented and action-motivating consistent message 180 -- 5. Opposition from the existing order 180 -- b. Denominationalization 181 -- 1. North American Black connections 184 -- 2. North American White connections 186 -- 3. Process of Jamaican indigenization 187 -- 4. Reciprocal influence from and to Britain 188 -- c. Cultural separation, with special reference to the United Pentecostal Church of Jamaica 189 -- Theology in a cul-de-sac 193 -- 1. Reinforcement of racial stereotypes 193 -- 2. Alignment with colonial rule 193 -- 3. Rational Fundamentalism 194 -- 4. Religious and social stratification 196 -- d. Indigenization, with special reference to the Shiloh Apostolic Church of Jamaica 197 -- Theology en route 200 -- 1. Christ, cellular structure, and the 'split syndrome' 200 -- 2. African patterns, recruitment, and an itinerant ministry 202 -- 3. Power, leadership types, or what constitutes authority 204 -- 4. Judgement, change-orientation, and the 'message for today' 208 -- 5. Worshipping community, opposition, and liberation of the dispossessed 211 -- i. Training 212 -- ii. Deployment 213 -- iii. Healing of self and society 214 -- III. TO BE THE GOSPEL WE ARE CALLED TO PROCLAIM… 220 -- The Pentecostal Oneness (Apostolic) Movement in Britain 220 -- A. INDWELLING OF THE SPIRIT 220 -- a. Messianic households for Afro-Caribbean migrants 220 -- 1. Shiloh 221 -- 2. Bethel 221 -- 3. Rehoboth 222.
4. Emmanuel 222 -- 5. Beulah 223 -- 6. Holy Mountains 224 -- 7. The House is full 226 -- b. People in the powerhouse - Apostolic worship in Watford , England , interpreted 228 -- 1. Rooted in Biblical faith 229 -- 2. Rooted in African culture 230 -- 3. Experience of an 'extensive power' 231 -- 4. Trust in imminent judgement 232 -- 5. Strong sense of community 233 -- B. BRIEF SYNOPSIS OF THE BLACK PENTECOSTAL ONENESS (APOSTOLIC) MOVEMENT IN BRITAIN 235 -- a. Organizations 235 -- 1. Directory of churches 235 -- 2. Tables V - VII 235 -- 3. Further increase 239 -- b. Origins, proliferation and growth from 1955 240 -- 1. Early beginnings 240 -- 2. Reasons for joining 241 -- 3. Consolidation and reticulation 242 -- 4. Proliferation and relations 244 -- c. A growing part of British Christianity 246 -- 1. British autonomous leadership patterns 246 -- 2. Links with Africa 247 -- 3. Formation of Black and Integrated Councils 247 -- C. APOSTOLIC PRESENCE - AN ECUMENICAL CHALLENGE 251 -- a. Physical and political presence 251 -- 1. Geographical presence 252 -- 2. Ethnicity and partnership 252 -- 3. Land and equal opportunity 253 -- 4. Ecumenical interface 255 -- 5. Mission at home and abroad 258 -- 6. Self-help and community development 260 -- b. Pentecostalism of a different kind 262 -- 1. Jesus - Deliverer of humanity 262 -- 2. A theological critique 264 -- i. Response to the confusion about the Trinitarian dogma 264 -- ii. Struggle against oppression by White/Western propositions 264 -- iii. Return or 'reproduction' of suppressed questions 265 -- iv. Focusing on the Christological issue 266 -- v. Centred in Christ: a 'Dwelling' or Spirit Christology 266 -- vi. Dialogue needed with past and present triune schemes 267 -- vii. Different models for dissimilar historical and cultural settings 269 -- viii. Emphasis on God's activity in history 269.
c. Prayer for Redemption 270.
Abstract:
Since the Second World War more than 1.000 Black independent congregations in around 300 different organizations have sprung up all over Britain. The immigration of Afro-Caribbeans and West Africans has led to the emergence and growth of many churches which flourish in the cities and attract a growing number of members. They now play an increasingly active role in the social and ecumenical life of the nation which is reflected in co-operation with the 'New Instrument' of the British churches. They comprise a rich diversity of theological traditions and cultural inheritance, some in an interesting blend, some in a struggle with White elements. Existence and growth of these communities have often been explained by factors inherent in British society, such as social deprivation and English racism. The book attempts to prove that, as much these are a reality, they do not account for the dynamics of the movement, its proliferation and stability. Rather these are carried by strong cultural and theological forces which moulded the spiritual experience of the African diaspora. They carry a living faith, sound contextual theologies, and a form of organization which presents a model for other ethnic minorities.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
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