Contents -- Preface xiii -- Acknowledgments xv -- Note on the Use of Capital Letters and Quotation Marks xvii -- Introduction 1 -- I. Rosenzweig's Rational Subjective System: An Overview 17 -- A. The Hypothetical Basis of Subjective Knowledge: The Generally Accepted Experience 17 -- B. The Positive Rational and Non-Natural Reach of Systematic Knowledge: From Metaphysical Indeterminacy to Preliminary Metaphysical Determinacy 21 -- C. The Immediate, Inexplicable, and Non-Relative Phenomenal Realm of Reason: Revelation and the Inferential Logical Criteria of Systematic Knowledge 29 -- D. The Positive Anticipation of the Ultimate Purpose of Systematic Knowledge: The Wholly Final Realm of Reason, or Redemption 34 -- E. Making Explicit the Long Logical Principle of Rational Knowledge, or Showing the Redemptive Reason as "Our" Reason: The Epistemological Achievement of Justification 38 -- II. Outline of Chapters 44 -- 1. The Neglected Perspective: Rosenzweig and Kant 49 -- III. Rosenzweig's Consistency Thesis on Kant: The Threefold Nothing 50 -- A. Kant's Moderately Constitutive Theoretical Theology 60 -- B. Kant's Theory of Mind 65 -- C. The Centrality of Strong, Non-Natural Freedom in the Critical System 69 -- IV. The Series of Misconceptions of Kant: Hegel, Cohen, and Heidegger 74 -- A. The Post-Kantian Distortion of Kant: Hegel 74 -- B. The Neo-Kantian Simplification of Kant: Hermann Cohen 77 -- C. Heidegger's Phenomenological Simplification of Kant 82 -- 2. The Neglected Alternative: From Noumenality to Primordiality 87 -- V. The Preliminary Study of Rosenzweig's Coherent Systematic Thought: From Indeterminate to Preliminary Determinate Metaphysics 87 -- A. The Wholly Primordial Beginning of Coherent Knowledge 88 -- 1. The Hypothetical Nature of the Beginning of the Philosophical System 88.

2. The Closed Rational Nature of the Systematic Beginning 92 -- 3. The Pure Mathematical Determination of the Rational Beginning 101 -- B. Death as Wholly Primordial A Priori and the Positive Rational Mathematics 104 -- VI. Kant's Indeterminate Metaphysics of the "Thing in Itself" and Rosenzweig's Preliminary Determinate Metaphysics of the Metalogical World 110 -- A. The Critical Reception of Kant's Doctrine of the "Thing in Itself" 110 -- 1. The Post-Kantian Reception of the "Thing in Itself" 110 -- 2. The Doctrines of the "Thing in Itself" and Creation: Rosenzweig 114 -- B. Rosenzweig's Metalogical of the Wholly Primordial World 117 -- 1. The Universal Possibility of the Logical Forms of Thought 117 -- 2. The Pure Particular as Primordial Particular Birth 120 -- 3. The Formal Logic of the Primordial Completion of the World, or Metalogic 122 -- VII. Kant's Indeterminate Metaphysics of Absolute Freedom and Rosenzweig's Preliminary Determinate Metaphysics of the Metaethical Self 129 -- A. The Critical Reception of the Kantian Noumenal Metaphysics of Freedom 129 -- 1. The Post-Kantian Reception of Kant's Metaphysical Freedom: The 'Humanistic' Reduction 131 -- 2. Rosenzweig's Reception of Kant's Transcendent Notions of Intelligible Character and Noumental Will 136 -- B. The Metaethical Self as Wholly Primordial Logically Finite, and Supramundane Pschological Origin 140 -- 1. The Wholly Primordial Human Character 141 -- 2. The Wholly Primordial Freedom of the Will 143 -- 3. The Preliminary Metaphysical Determination of the Human Self, or Metaethics 146 -- 3. The Immediate, Non-Objective, and Non-Relative Experiencing 149 -- VIII. Preliminary Overview of the Argument Exposed in Part II of the Star: The Thesis of Redemptive Compatibilism 149 -- IX. The Perfection of the Natural World of Things: The Absolute Phenomental Category of Creation 158.

A. The Perfection of Nature: The Positive Rational Philosophy of Phenomental Creation as Broad Natural Science 159 -- 1. The Theory of Inner Inversion Corresponding to the Phenomental Rational Category of Creation: From Primordiality to Absolute Empirical Reality 159 -- 2. The Phenomental Logic of Perfection: The Actual Whole of Natural Space and Time - Death and Its "Very Good" Stamp 165 -- B. The Strict, Non-Philosophical Theology of Phenomental Creation: From Primordiality to Absolute Phenomental Reality 169 -- X. The Positive Metaphysical Reality of Soul: The Phenomental Rational Category of Narrow Revelation 174 -- A. The Necessary Immortal "I," Supramundane Real in Primacy 174 -- 1. The Theory of Innver Inversion Corresponding to the Absolute Phenomenal Category of Strict Revelation: From Primordiality to Absolute Empirical Reality 175 -- 2. The Positive Rational Category of Strict Revelation and the Metaphysical Reality of the Soul 179 -- 3. The Supramundane and Potential Real "I" as Positive Rational Principle of Change - The Autobiographical Historical Time 185 -- B. The Strict, Non-Philosophical Theology of Revelation: The Positive Rational Principle of Divine Change - The Uniquely Personal God of the Bible 186 -- XI. The Thesis of Redemptive Compatibilism: The Phenomenal Rational Category of Redemption 189 -- A. The Thesis of Redemptive Compatibilism: The Reciprocal Interaction between Man and the World 189 -- 1. The Theory of Inner Inversion Corresponding to the Phenomenal Rational Category of Redemption: From Primordiality to Absolute Empirical Reality 191 -- 2. The Thesis of Redemptive Compatibilism - The Initial Systematic Principle of Relativity 198 -- 3. The Positive Logical Concept of Humanity as Final Subjective Reason and Causality 205 -- 4. The Positive Rational Psychological Ethics of Loving 211.

4. The Positive Anticipation of Redemption 217 -- XII. Preliminary Remarks: The Redemptive Nature of Reason 217 -- XIII. The Illumination of the Wholly Final Realm of Reason, or of Redemption 221 -- A. The Wholly Final Form of Death, or the Redemptive Death: The Theological Philosophy of Redemption 221 -- B. The Wholly Final Form of the Truth, or the Redemptive Truth 222 -- C. The Strict, Non-Philosophical Theology of Redemption: The Self-Redeeming God 224 -- XIV. The Illumination of the Future Possibility of Immortal Life, or of Eternity 226 -- A. The Illumination of the Future Possibility of Death 226 -- B. The Future Immortality of Humanity 227 -- C. The Future Unlimited Possibility of Humanity: Messiah and the Freedom of Prayer 229 -- D. The Future Unconditional Possibility of Humanity: The Subjective Renewal 230 -- E. The Anti-Mysticism of the Star: The Rejection of the Mysticism of Dying 231 -- 5. The Achievements of Renewal and Self-Examination 233 -- XV. Preliminary Overview: The Extended and Not Short Argument of Judaism - The New Philosophy of Religion 233 -- XVI. The Explicit Metaphysical Forming of Society and Religion: The Narrowed Chosen We 236 -- A. The Forms of Anticipated Eternity: Judaism and Christianity 236 -- B. Positive versus Negative Anticipation of Eternity: Judaism versus Christianity 238 -- C. The Epistemological Forming of A Religious Community: The Narrowed Chosen and Potential Real "We," or the Jewish People 240 -- XVII. The Reconsideration of the Actual Real Soul: The Self-Examining Jewish "We" 248 -- A. The Actual Jewish Community of the We and Its Representation of Its Own Unified Time as Eternal Moment 249 -- 1. The Eternal Tensing of Actual Present Time between Eternal Beginning and Eternal End: The Jewish Memory and Illumination 249.

2. The Actual Jewish "We" and Its Representation of Its Own Unified Time as Eternal Moment: The Explicit Human Standpoint of Eternity, or the Jewish Standpoint 251 -- 3. Eternity versus State. The Universal Objectivity of the Eternal Moment 253 -- B. The Explicit Rational Ethics of Trust, or the Jewish Ethics of Decision 254 -- 1. The Epistemological Bewährung as Universal Objective Criterion of Decision: The Rational Principle of Verifications in Ethics 254 -- 2. The Modest Rational Decision-Plan: Objective Experiencing From and Within "I-Trus" - The Justification of Ethics 258 -- 3. The Actual "We" and Its Overcoming of the State: The Uniqueness of the Jewish People - The Jew "In" and not "Of" the State 261 -- C. Judaism and the Wholly Momentary Religious Interest 267 -- 1. The Jewish We and Its Phenomental Real Prayer 267 -- 2. The Modest Rational Perception-Plan: Objective Perceiving From and Within "I-Trust" - The Justification of Perception 270 -- XVIII. The Justification of the Long Systematic Claim of the Star: The Jewish Epistemology of Bewährung 273 -- A. The Subjective Verification and Confirmation of the Systematic Knowledge Claim of the Star, of Showing Redemptive Reason as An Explicit Human Reason 273 -- B. The Mediated Notion of Justification: The Subjective Conception of Dynamic Objectivity 278 -- C. The Eternal Embodiment of the Jewish People - Kant and Rosenzweig on Natural Community and Objective Simultaneity in Space 280 -- D. The Jewish Eternal History 287 -- XVX. God and His Own Justification: The Explicit Theological Principle of Change, of the Jewish Principle of Monotheism 291 -- Conclusion: The Redemptive Turning Point Rosenzweig 295 -- Bibliography 299 -- Index 313.